<![CDATA[In the context of general education reform, the shift from knowledge transmission to competency development has become an urgent imperative. However, the lack of clear pedagogical guidelines is a major obstacle for primary school teachers when implementing STEM lessons. This article focuses on addressing this issue by systematizing four core principles and proposing a six-step lesson design process engineering design orientation, built in parallel with a framework for assessing learner competencies at three levels (Recognition - Reproduction, Application - Problem Solving, Evaluation - Creativity). This synchronized combination provides primary school teachers and teacher training students with an effective pedagogical tool to transform academic educational theories into practical teaching scenarios, ensuring a meaningful integration between scientific inquiry, mathematical reasoning, and design thinking. The feasibility of the process is specifically demonstrated through the topic "Designing a mini water filter for flood-prone areas," supporting its effectiveness in comprehensively developing the qualities and abilities of primary school students.]]>
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