<![CDATA[This study investigates Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II’s application of da’wah (Islamic propagation) as a socio-political strategy during his resistance against Dutch colonialism, particularly in his exile to Ternate. It addresses a gap in prior research by focusing on the religious dimension of his leadership, moving beyond his military and diplomatic efforts. The study aims to analyze the role of da’wah in mobilizing social solidarity, promoting religious moderation (wasathiyah), and establishing non-violent resistance. This research uses qualitative historical methods and discourse analysis to examine primary sources, historical documents, and interviews with descendants of Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II. The findings show that Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II utilized da’wah as a tool to strengthen social cohesion through institutions like mosques, pesantren, and the Sammaniyah Order. His moderate approach, emphasizing tolerance, justice, and cultural accommodation, united diverse societal groups and preserved their cultural-religious identity under colonial oppression. This study concludes that da’wah was a powerful strategy for integrating faith with social and political objectives. It provides significant insights into the sociology of religion, particularly in understanding the role of religious leadership in fostering unity and resistance. The findings also suggest the relevance of religious moderation in addressing contemporary societal challenges]]>
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