Voices of English Language Education Society
Vol 10 No 2 (2026): August 2026

Behavioural, Cognitive, and Emotional Engagement in Task-Based Grammar Learning: A Qualitative Case Study of Indonesian EFL Undergraduates

Muhammad Reza Pahlevi (Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, Indonesia)
Utami Widiati (Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia)
Nunung Suryati (Universitas Negeri Malang)
Francisca Maria Ivone (Universitas Negeri Malang)
Niamika El Khoiri (Universitas Negeri Malang)
Elih Sutisna Yanto (Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
28 Aug 2026

Abstract

This qualitative case study investigated how behavioural, cognitive, and emotional engagement manifested in task-based grammar learning and how Indonesian EFL undergraduates perceived the features supporting or constraining their engagement. Five first-semester students were recruited from a class of 25 in an English education program at a public university in West Java, Indonesia. Data were collected through semi-structured online interviews and students’ storytelling drafts. Interview transcripts were analysed using a six-phase thematic analysis, while the drafts were examined as complementary evidence of students’ grammatical choices and revisions. Member checking, peer debriefing, and data-source triangulation were employed to strengthen credibility. The findings revealed that behavioural engagement was manifested through active participation, persistence, error correction, and revision. Cognitive engagement emerged through narrative planning, text comparison, monitoring of grammatical choices, connection of grammar to meaningful contexts, and strategic use of digital resources. Emotional engagement involved enjoyment, enthusiasm, confidence, challenge, and occasional stress. Students generally perceived task-based grammar learning as meaningful and motivating because contextualised storytelling, familiar topics, planning, focused feedback, and revision enabled them to use grammar for communicative purposes. Nevertheless, excessive task demands, insufficient support, and difficulty transferring grammatical knowledge from structured tasks to spontaneous communication constrained their engagement. The study demonstrates that engagement in task-based grammar learning is multidimensional, interconnected, and conditional rather than an automatic outcome of task use. Grammar instruction should therefore combine meaningful tasks with manageable challenge, appropriate scaffolding, attention to form, and opportunities for reflective revision.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

veles

Publisher

Subject

Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

Description

The journal of Voices of English Language Education Society(VELES) e-ISSN 2579-7484 aims to provide an international forum for sharing, dissemination and discussion of research, experience and perspectives across a wide range of education, teaching, development, instruction, educational projects and ...