Al-Irfan: Journal Of Arabic Literature and Islamic Studies
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)

The Design of an Arabic Grammar Exercise Book Based on Higher-Order Thinking Skills

Mukhlishoh Mukhlishoh (Institut Muslim Cendekia)
Muhammad Khanif (Institut Muslim Cendekia)
Abdul Fatah (Institut Muslim Cendekia)
Annisa Tsabita (Institut Muslim Cendekia)
Sindy Hardiani (Institut Muslim Cendekia)



Article Info

Publish Date
12 Sep 2026

Abstract

Transitioning the teaching of Arabic syntax (Nahwu) from rote memorization to creative application is an urgent educational objective. In this context, this research aims to describe the design and assess the validity of a Nahwu workbook, supplementary to the textbook "Al-Qawa'id Al-Asasiyyah", based on Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). This initiative is a response to female students' weak ability to apply grammatical rules in language production and daily conversations. The study adopted a Research and Development (R&D) methodology utilizing the Borg & Gall model. The scope of the development procedures was limited to the first three foundational stages: needs analysis, preliminary prototype design, and expert validation of the product. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and validation questionnaires, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model for qualitative data and Likert scale percentages for quantitative data. The needs analysis, involving 30 purposefully sampled second-level female students, revealed that traditional textbook exercises were confined to the cognitive levels of remembering and understanding. This necessitated the development of a workbook targeting the levels of analyzing (C4), evaluating (C5), and creating (C6), in accordance with the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy. The quantitative results of the expert review confirmed the workbook's high validity (Language: 100%, Content: 100%, Design: 98%), establishing its content validity and the soundness of its cognitive construct. The research concludes that the developed workbook is a standardized educational product suitable for field implementation, effectively bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

alirfan

Publisher

Subject

Religion Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other

Description

Al-Irfan is a journal of Arabic Literature and Islamic Studies which is published Biannually on March and September by Arabic Literature Department, Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Darul Ulum Banyuanyar, Pamekasan. The journal covers language issues researched in the branches of applied linguistics, such ...