<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the types of English pronunciation errors made by second-semester students of the English Education Study Program at Panca Sakti University Bekasi and to examine the differences between students’ pronunciation and that of native speakers using PRAAT software. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method. The participants consisted of ten second-semester students of the English Education Study Program at Panca Sakti University Bekasi during the even semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. The data were collected through a pronunciation test, observation, and documentation in the form of students’ voice recordings. The students were asked to pronounce ten English words: beat, sheep, leave, full, hat, man, let, back, safe, and fan. The recordings were analyzed using PRAAT software by examining waveform and spectrogram displays and comparing the students’ pronunciation with that of a native speaker. The findings show that out of 100 English word pronunciations produced by the students, 63 pronunciation errors were identified. The errors mainly involved vowel substitution and consonant substitution. Vowel substitutions included /iː/ → /ɪ/ in beat, sheep, and leave, /ʊ/ → /uː/ in full, and /æ/ → /e/, /ʌ/, or other vowel sounds in several words. Consonant substitutions included /v/ → /f/ in leave and /f/ → /v/ in safe, as well as changes in final consonants in several words. Substitution was the dominant type of pronunciation error, while addition and omission were not clearly identified in the analyzed data. The PRAAT analysis also revealed measurable differences between students’ pronunciation and the native speaker’s pronunciation through waveform, spectrogram, F1, and F2 values, particularly in words involving vowel and consonant substitutions. Therefore, the study concludes that second-semester students still experience difficulties in producing several English vowel and consonant sounds accurately, and PRAAT is useful for objectively identifying and describing pronunciation differences through acoustic analysis.]]>
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