Journal of Clinical and Translational Medicine
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): August

Effect of Pesticide Exposure on Respiratory Symptoms in Agroindustrial Farmers: A Systematic Review

Siti Zulaikha Risqiyani (Universitas Jember)
Dini Agustina (Universitas Jember)
Jauhar Firdaus (Universitas Jember)
Bagus Hermansyah (Universitas Jember)



Article Info

Publish Date
17 Aug 2026

Abstract

Pesticides are a mixture of substances used to control pests, plants, or animals. The inappropriate uses can cause serious problems for farmers. About 3 million cases of global pesticide acute poisoning, 25 million mild acute poisonings, and 300.000 deaths. The inhalation route is the main entry route for chemicals and pesticides. Exposure through inhalation associated with respiratory pathology, can cause respiratory symptoms due to the accumulation of pesticide substances in the respiratory tract. Inhaled pesticides will be stored in the human respiratory tract indicating damage and irritation of respiratory organs, which can cause serious respiratory symptoms. This review aimed to summarize the association between pesticides exposure and respiratory symptoms in agroindustrial farmers. This systematic review was reported based on criteria from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A literature search was conducted with electronic databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Portal Garuda. P-value with the confidence interval (CI) of 95% was used to determine the association between pesticides exposure and respiratory symptoms. Ten studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The current study showed pesticides exposure increases respiratory symptoms in farmers. Farmers who use pesticides have a greater frequency of respiratory symptoms than other farmers. Organochlorine and organophosphate have a significant risk of causing respiratory problems, such as cough, phlegm, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Conclusion: This systematic review provides valuable evidence suggesting the correlation between pesticides exposure and respiratory symptoms in agroindustrial farmers.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

medixis

Publisher

Subject

Medicine & Pharmacology

Description

Journal of Clinical and Translational Medicine (MEDIXIS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal published by PT Litera Integra Nusantara. The journal provides an international platform for the dissemination of high-quality original research articles, review papers, and clinical studies ...