<![CDATA[Dutch colonial education policies significantly influenced the development and transformation of Islamic education in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of these policies and the responses and transformations of Islamic educational institutions under the colonial system. The study employs a literature review with a qualitative-historical approach through descriptive-interpretive analysis of historical literature, colonial education policies, and studies on Islamic education. The findings show that disparities in educational access and institutional structures under colonial rule encouraged Islamic education to reform its institutions, curricula, teaching methods, and strategies for preserving Islamic identity. These transformations contributed to the development of modern Islamic education in Indonesia. The colonial experience became an important factor in shaping the dynamics of change and the capacity of Islamic education to adapt to social developments and the modernization of the educational system.]]>
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