This study aims to examine the relationships of financial literacy and peer environment with elementary school students’ allowance management behavior. The study employed a quantitative explanatory survey design and was conducted at SD Negeri 2 Sindangkasih in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. The sample comprised 64 fifth-grade students selected through saturation sampling. Data were collected using a validated and reliable Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression in SPSS version 26. The findings indicated that financial literacy was positively and significantly associated with allowance management behavior (t = 12.569, p < .001), as was peer environment (t = 2.547, p = .013). Both predictors were jointly significant in explaining allowance management behavior (F = 90.962, p < .001), accounting for 74.1% of the variance (adjusted R² = .741). Financial literacy demonstrated a stronger association with allowance management behavior than peer environment. These findings suggest that parents should reinforce financial socialization at home through consistent modeling and guided practice, given the important role of school-based financial knowledge in shaping children’s financial behavior. For curriculum policymakers, the findings underscore the need to integrate financial literacy into elementary school curricula and teacher training programs to strengthen children’s financial capabilities from an early age.
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