<![CDATA[This study aims to develop Interactive Electronic Teaching Materials for the IPAS (Science and Social Studies) subject on the topic of Earthquake Disaster Preparedness based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) to improve the critical thinking skills of fifth-grade elementary school students. The research background is driven by the geographical reality that Bengkulu is a region highly vulnerable to earthquakes, while existing teaching materials are print-based and do not cover earthquake preparedness in depth. This Research and Development (R&D) study employed the 4D model (define, design, development, and disseminate). The research subjects were one classroom teacher and 17 fifth-grade students at SD Islam Al Kiswah, Bengkulu City. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and essay-based critical thinking skills tests. The results showed that the developed interactive electronic teaching materials were valid (average validation scores: content and graphics = 0.889; language = 0.875), received positively by teachers and students (student positive response above 80% in all aspects), and effective in improving critical thinking skills (N-Gain Score = 0.71, high category). Therefore, these PBL-based interactive electronic teaching materials provide an innovative solution for fostering more meaningful and contextual IPAS learning .]]>
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