<![CDATA[The transformation of Islamic education has become increasingly important amid digitalization, the Industrial Revolution 4.0, Society 5.0, and the growing demand for 21st-century competencies. This study analyzes the transformation of Islamic education from a historical perspective and examines its contribution to the development of Indonesia’s national education system. This study employed a qualitative library research design using a historical and conceptual approach. Data were collected from relevant scholarly literature, academic books, policy documents, and regulations and analyzed through historical analysis, thematic content analysis, and conceptual synthesis. The findings demonstrate that Islamic education has undergone continuous and multidimensional transformation in paradigms, institutions, curricula, learning approaches, values, and governance, from the classical period to the digital era. This transformation has strengthened its contribution to character formation, human resource development, knowledge integration, religious moderation, and 21st-century competencies. The study concludes that adaptive transformation while preserving Islamic values is essential for sustaining Islamic education’s role in national educational development. The conceptual model developed provides implications for adaptive educational policies and future empirical research.]]>
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