<![CDATA[Temperature control is a crucial factor in the coffee fermentation process, as it influences both microbial activity and the quality of the final product. This study aimed to design a heating unit based on a shell-and-coil heat exchanger, utilizing R32 refrigerant as the heat source for the water jacket system of a coffee fermentation bioreactor. The design was developed using the Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) method and subsequently validated through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation using ANSYS Fluent. Calculations yielded a heating unit with a capacity of 137.4 L, a coil length of 22.02 m, and a heat transfer rate of 1,354 W. Simulation results showed the water temperature rising from 27°C to 48°C, while the refrigerant temperature dropped from 90°C to 69.9°C. The simulation results differed from the theoretical values by approximately 2°C, indicating that the design effectively meets the heating requirements of the water jacket system. This research demonstrates that utilizing heat from an air conditioner condenser with R32 refrigerant offers a potential alternative for an efficient heating system in coffee fermentation bioreactors.]]>
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