<![CDATA[Penelitian ini membahas hubungan antara pengambilan risiko, kepemimpinan transformasional kepala madrasah, budaya organisasi, dan inovasi madrasah pada lima Madrasah Aliyah di Kecamatan Dolok Masihul. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif dengan sampel 101 guru yang dipilih secara proporsional dari lima Madrasah Aliyah. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan SmartPLS 4.0. Model menghasilkan SRMR sebesar 0,052; nilai R-square budaya organisasi sebesar 0,054 dan inovasi madrasah sebesar 0,472. Pengambilan risiko, kepemimpinan transformasional, dan budaya organisasi menunjukkan hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan inovasi madrasah. Pengambilan risiko juga menunjukkan hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan budaya organisasi, sedangkan hubungan kepemimpinan transformasional dengan budaya organisasi tidak signifikan. Budaya organisasi memiliki koefisien jalur terbesar di antara prediktor inovasi yang diuji. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa variasi inovasi madrasah dalam sampel berkaitan dengan faktor kepemimpinan, pengambilan risiko, dan terutama norma serta praktik budaya organisasi. Karena data dikumpulkan secara cross-sectional dari guru yang berada dalam lima madrasah, hasil ditafsirkan sebagai hubungan statistik pada konteks penelitian ini, bukan sebagai bukti kausalitas. Kata Kunci: Pengambilan Risiko; Kepemimpinan Transformasional; Budaya Organisasi; Inovasi Madrasah; PLS-SEM Abstract This study examines the relationships among risk-taking, principals’ transformational leadership, organizational culture, and madrasah innovation in five Madrasah Aliyah in Dolok Masihul. A quantitative associative design was employed with 101 teachers proportionally sampled from the five schools. Questionnaire data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4.0. The model produced an SRMR of 0.052; the R-square values were 0.054 for organizational culture and 0.472 for madrasah innovation. Risk-taking, transformational leadership, and organizational culture each showed a positive and significant association with innovation. Risk-taking also showed a positive and significant association with organizational culture, whereas the association between transformational leadership and organizational culture was not statistically significant. Organizational culture had the largest estimated path coefficient among the predictors of innovation tested. These findings indicate that variation in madrasah innovation in the study sample is associated with leadership, risk-taking, and particularly organizational-cultural conditions. Because the data were cross-sectional and collected from teachers nested within five madrasahs, the findings are interpreted as statistical associations within the study context rather than as evidence of causal effects. Keywords: Risk-Taking; Transformational Leadership; Organizational Culture; Madrasah Innovation; PLS-SEM]]>
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