<![CDATA[This research report presents a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the conceptualization, design, and implementation of empathy-based conflict resolution strategies within the learning ecosystem of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the Senior High School (SMA) and Vocational High School (SMK) levels. Employing a multidimensional approach that integrates developmental moral psychology, Islamic theology, and educational sociology, this report deconstructs the limitations of traditional religious education paradigms, which tend to be cognitively centered. Through a critical examination of the latest policy innovations—including the Independent Curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka) Phase E and the Love-Based Curriculum (KBC) based on the Decree of the Director General of Islamic Education Number 6077 of 2025—this study offers an ecological framework for reducing the escalation of conflicts, bullying, and social polarization among adolescents. Empirical explorations from various educational institutions in Indonesia—such as SMK Negeri 1 Cikarang Barat, SMK Negeri 1 Polewali, SMA Karangturi Semarang, and MAN 1 Kota Jambi—affirm that emotional intelligence, cultural mediation through local wisdom (Pappasang Mandar), and practical pedagogical interventions such as role-play simulations and active listening have proven to significantly restore relational justice and improve students’ mental well-being.]]>
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