<![CDATA[Excessive ultraviolet (UV) exposure can cause skin damage, including melanoma. In 2020, the World Health Organization reported 1,609 melanoma cases in Indonesia with 699 deaths. Melinjo leaves (Gnetum gnemon L.) contain flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant and photoprotective potential. This study aimed to evaluate the sunscreen activity of melinjo leaf extract, its formulation into nanoemulsions, and the highest Sun Protection Factor (SPF) achieved. Methods: Extracts were standardized and formulated into nanoemulsions with concentrations of 0.20% (F1), 0.25% (F2), and 0.30% (F3). Physical properties including particle size, transmittance, pH, viscosity, emulsion type, irritation, and hedonic characteristics were assessed. Sunscreen efficacy was tested in vitro using UV-Vis spectrophotometry (290–320 nm), and SPF values were calculated with the Mansur equation. Results: Extract concentrations of 100–300 ppm produced SPF values of 5.07–9.97. Nanoemulsions F0–F3 showed SPF values of 4.67–13.93, with all formulations meeting quality standards. Conclusion: Melinjo leaf extract demonstrated sunscreen activity and was successfully formulated into nanoemulsions. The highest protection was observed in F3, with an SPF of 13.93, categorized as maximum protection.]]>
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