Comparison of the Effectiveness of Maceration and Soxhlet Extraction Methods on the Phytochemical Profile and Total Flavonoid Content of Bandotan Leaf Fractions (Ageratum conyzoides L.)

Tika Afriani (Universitas Mohammad Natsir Bukittinggi)
Linda Hevira (Universitas Mohammad Natsir Bukittinggi)
Riesthy Achri Adha (Universitas Mohammad Natsir Bukittinggi)

Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Vol 15, No 2 (2026)

This study aimed to compare the efficiency of cold (maceration) and hot (Soxhlet) extraction methods in obtaining total flavonoids. Extraction was performed using 96% ethanol solvent, followed by fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The content was determined using validated UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The validation results showed that the method met the requirements for linearity (r=0.9988), accuracy (99.51%), LOD (2.19 ppm), and LOQ (7.30 ppm). The results of the content determination showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of the Soxhlet extraction method provided the highest flavonoid content of 251.04 ± 0.24 mgQE/g, which was significantly different from the maceration method (194.14 ± 0.49 mgQE/g). In conclusion, the Soxhlet extraction method is more effective in extracting flavonoid compounds from bandotan leaves than maceration due to continuous solvent circulation and heat assistance.