<![CDATA[Sharia cooperatives (Koperasi Syariah) are an institutional instrument of Islamic economics in Indonesia that combine the cooperative principle of mutual assistance with the prohibition of riba and profit-sharing. This article describes the historical development, legal foundations, products, and operational mechanisms of sharia cooperatives using a descriptive-qualitative, library-research method covering regulations, DSN-MUI fatwas, and Islamic economics literature. Findings show sharia cooperatives grew from the roots of national cooperatives and the Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) movement since the early 1990s, before gaining legal formalization through Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs regulations in 2004, 2015, and 2023. Their legal basis is twofold: Islamic law and national legislation. Products include fund collection (wadiah, mudharabah), financing (murabahah, mudharabah, musyarakah, ijarah, qardh, salam, istishna), and services (wakalah, kafalah, hawalah), complemented by a social function through Baitul Maal and supervised by a Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS). The study recommends strengthening governance, digitalizing services, and harmonizing regulations.]]>
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