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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium
Published by Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9 No 1 (2020): 2020 (1)" : 15 Documents clear
Diagnosis and epidemiology of Corona Virus (COVID-19) outbreak in Indonesia Sutaryono, Sutaryono; Andasari, Sholikhah Deti; Kasjono, Heru Subaris
Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium Vol 9 No 1 (2020): 2020 (1): Special Edition "COVID-19"
Publisher : POLTEKKES KEMENKES YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (856.514 KB) | DOI: 10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i1.222

Abstract

COVID-19 has experienced an increase in 2,995,758 positive cases and 204,987 deaths, in distribution areas of more than 213 countries. This research using a systematic literature review, policy brief, and internet-based questionnaire with the aim of finding out the diagnosis and epidemiology of Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in Indonesia. The cases in Indonesia have reached 9,771 and killed 784 people, possibly as many as 19 cases are asymptomatic but can be carriers of the virus. The diagnosis is carried out by rapid testing and using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Most of the patients diagnosed were aged 30-49 years (38.91%), the highest accompanying diseases were hypertension (34.85%), diabetes mellitus (25.76%), and cardiac disease (17.05%). The most signs and symptoms are that the patient has a cough, shortness of breath, and has a history of internal medicine and fever. Based on sex mostly experienced by men (58.94%) compared to women (41.06%), 60.4% of the community is still active outside the home. The Government of Indonesia is making efforts to reduce the COVID 19 outbreak by implementing a health protocol and a Large-scale Social Restrictions or “Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB)” policy.
Human immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection Wina Nurtias, Lia Yosaneri; Rahma Turista, Dora Dayu; Puspitasari, Eka
Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium Vol 9 No 1 (2020): 2020 (1): Special Edition "COVID-19"
Publisher : POLTEKKES KEMENKES YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (961.717 KB) | DOI: 10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i1.223

Abstract

COVID-19 is an acute respiratory infection caused by a new type of Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019. COVID-19 then became a pandemic in various countries in early 2020. In this article it contains review that discusses the immune response in humans due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, using the narrative literature review method, a total of 36 articles (6 from Elsevier, 24 from PMC, and 6 from Springer). It is known that the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the manufacture of drugs and vaccines are still under investigation, but in infected patients, innate immune responses in the form of alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells, airway epithelial cells, congenital lymphocytes, and neutrophils work together in the fight against infection. Next comes the adaptive immune response in the form of antibodies (immunoglobulins) which help in fighting infections due to SARS-CoV-2. These immune responses include increasing levels of cytokines, coagulation parameters, C-reactive protein, neutrophils, and decreasing total lymphocytes. It is also known that COVID-19 patients with severe disease often experience higher total antibody, IgM responses, and IgG responses than COVID-19 patients without congenital disease. IgG antibodies are present in the serum, so the serum in COVID-19 patients who have recovered can be used for therapy in COVID-19 patients who have not healed, as long as the drug and vaccine are under investigation.
Indirect exposure to novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): an overview of current knowledge Enyoh, Christian Ebere; Wirnkor Verla, Andrew; Qingyue, Wang; Kumar Yadav, Dipak; Akhter Hossain Chowdhury, Md; Obinna Isiuku, Beniah; Chowdhury, Tanzin; Chizoruo Ibe, Francis; Ngozi Verla, Evelyn; Oluwatosin Maduka, Tochukwu
Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium Vol 9 No 1 (2020): 2020 (1): Special Edition "COVID-19"
Publisher : POLTEKKES KEMENKES YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i1.227

Abstract

This review chronicles the indirect transmission method which seems to be overlooked by most people and makes attempts to document the various transmission ways with a hope that such information may strengthen the knowledge base of researchers towards methods of eradicating the pandemic. Current knowledge of transmission and exposure of SARS-CoV-2 has been explained. Various researchers have put forward different ways of exposure and transmission. Literature does not reveal whether the indirect transmission route is the dominant one. However, total lockdown could be a veritable means to reduce both direct and indirect transmission routes. In many countries where the indirect transmission has been reduced, the scourge of the virus is less. The work creates awareness on the need to watch out for those routes of transmissions that may not be popular and suggested vital knowledge gaps that need to fill.
On the novel coronavirus (COVID-19): a global pandemic Louis-Jean, James; Aime, Magdonald
Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium Vol 9 No 1 (2020): 2020 (1): Special Edition "COVID-19"
Publisher : POLTEKKES KEMENKES YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i1.230

Abstract

Coronaviruses (COVS) are viruses transmitted through droplets of sputum from an infected person. Analyses identify COVS as zoonotic pathogens, possibly resulting from human-animal contact at animal markets. They share overlapping genetic characteristics with the avian influenza viruses from China. COVS released from humans through droplets of sputum and may land on various surfaces, which poses exposure risks; as studies have shown the virus can exist intact for a relatively long period of time (several days). The recent highly pathogenic COVS outbreak (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China in 2019, include Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-COVS). This highly transmittable disease causes pneumonia and severe respiratory illnesses similar to SARS and MERS; it has a global mortality rate of about 6.13%. The virus has rapidly become a global pandemic, causing major global issues, including health, economic, and age-preference, among other issues. This text summarizes the nature of the emerging COVID-19 global pandemic while analyzing several factors concerning the etiology of the virus. This is done in an urgent effort to educate and provide relevant information about the virus.
Comparison of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and IgM and IgG antibody test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection ACER, Ömer; ÖZÜDOĞRU, Osman
Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium Vol 9 No 1 (2020): 2020 (1): Special Edition "COVID-19"
Publisher : POLTEKKES KEMENKES YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i1.232

Abstract

In the present study, we compared the real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and total IgM-IgG antibody tests for diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 patients. SARS-CoV-2 patients were divided into four additional subgroups according to clinical examination, and Computed Tomography (CT) for SARS-CoV-2. Groups were included 60 mild cases, 111 moderate cases, 53 severe cases, and 105 normal cases. In a mild group, 52.5% of 60 cases were found to be male, 45.9% female, and the average age was found as 38.4 ±2.011. The positive ratio was found as 80.3% in the RT-PCR test, while 39.3% in total IgM/IgG. In a moderate group, 49.1% of 111 cases were found to be male, 50% female, and the average age was 45.05 ±1.519. The positive ratio was found as 85.7% in the RT-PCR test while 54.5% in total IgM/IgG. In a severe group, 53.7%of 53 cases were found to be male, 44.4% female, and the average age was 55.5±2.122. The positive ratio was found as 75.9% both in RT-PCR and total IgM/IgG tests. In a normal group with no involvement according to Computed Tomography (CT), 49.1%of 105 cases were found to be male, 50% female, and the average age was found as 34.8±1.391. The positive ratio was found as 95.3% in the RT-PCR test while 5.7% in total IgM/IgG. Chronic diseases were detected more in severe cases, suggesting that persons who have chronic diseases or decreased immunity, such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and lung disease, are at a higher risk for developing severe COVID-19 if they are infected with SARS-CoV-2. According to our results, we can suggest a higher detection sensibility in RT-PCR than in total IgM/IgG antibody test for mild, moderate and normal group, while the detection sensibility of IgM/IgG antibody increases in a severe group with bilateral diffuse involvement according to CT.

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