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INDONESIA
Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
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Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 30, No 3 (2011)" : 9 Documents clear
Serum osteocalcin and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women Susanto, Lie T. Merijanti
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.155-161

Abstract

Since high bone turnover is associated with decreased bone mass, biochemical markers of bone remodeling, such as serum osteocalcin, may be used to assess osteoporosis and to predict fractures in elderly women, particulary those involving trabecular bone, and use of a combination of bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers may improve fracture prediction. The serum levels of osteocalcin constitute a specific biochemical parameter of bone formation. Compared to imaging techniques, assays for osteocalcin are safe, noninvasive and easily performed. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of serum osteocalcin and BMD in postmenopausal women. A cross sectional study was performed on 53 postmenopausal women in South Jakarta from February to April 2010. The subjects were assessed for anthropometric characteristics, serum osteocalcin levels and BMD. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine, right femoral neck and at the left distal radius by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Mean serum osteocalcin was 28.99 ± 10.02 ng/ml. The Pearson correlation test on all subjects indicated a significant inverse correlation between serum osteocalcin and femoral neck BMD (r = - 0.29; p=0.034). By arranging the data into tertiles, a significant association was found in non-obese subjects between mean femoral neck BMD and serum osteocalcin (p=0.036). The Tukey posthoc multiple comparison test showed a significant mean difference in femoral neck BMD between the lowest and the highest tertiles of osteocalcin serum concentrations (p=0.028). Maintenance of body weight is important for maintaining BMD in postmenopausal women.
Health service needs of older persons: emerging findings from Tarakan City, East Kalimantan Kusumaratna, Rina K.; Mahmood, Mohammad Afzal; Soerjoasmoro, Maskito Asmadi; Khairul, Khairul
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.197-204

Abstract

As older persons are steadily increasing in number and there are no specialized comprehensive healthcare services for older persons in Indonesia, including East Kalimantan, the aim of the present study was to determine the extent of the problems facing healthcare staff and officials in Tarakan City, East Kalimantan, in providing comprehensive healthcare services attuned to the needs of older persons.This study was a qualitative interview-based survey with focus group discussions, involving heads and healthcare officials of seven puskesmas in Tarakan City, East Kalimantan district, with the addition of a number of district health planning officials. The results revealed a difference between daily hospital referral rate of older persons by puskesmas staff and actual daily hospital admission rate for the referrals. None of the consulted healthcare staff had any speciality education in geriatrics or older persons health. The older persons most frequently presented to the hospital with hypertension, diabetes, and myocardial insufficiency. On the other hand, at the health centers the presenting conditions were hypertension, gastroenteritis, rheumatism, sleep disorders, and upper respiratory tract infections. Improved access to healthcare for older persons should be achieved by improving knowledge and skills of human resources, including communication skills, and of supporting healthcare service infrastructure at puskesmas, specifically oriented towards the needs of and designed for use by older persons, such as ramps for wheelchairs, and handrails in corridors. Local governments should strengthen the appropriate service delivery to older persons, and provide support for the maintenance, sustainability and strengthening of community-based care for older persons.
Soy isoflavone supplementation tends to improve specific immune responses in postmenopausal women Wratsangka, Raditya
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.162-172

Abstract

Immune dysfunction in postmenopausal women tends to decrease health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The present study’s objective was to evaluate the effect of daily supplementation of 100 mg soy isoflavones on specific immune responses among healthy postmenopausal women. The study design was a community-based double blind randomized controlled trial involving 60 healthy postmenopausal women, aged between 48–60 years, in the Mampang Prapatan district of South Jakarta. Participants were randomized to receive either 100 mg soy-isoflavone + 500 mg calcium (intervention group) or 500 mg calcium only (control group). Both supplements were taken daily for 12 weeks, from January to April 2010. Specific immune responses (measured by serum Ig G and CD4+) were assessed at baseline and after supplementation. Statistical analysis using independent t-test was performed to evaluate the effect of soy isoflavone supplementation on specific immune responses. Fifty-six (93.3%) participants completed the study without any significant side-effects or adverse events. Daily supplementation of 100 mg soy isoflavones for 12 weeks did not significantly increase the humoral specific immune response (p=0.242), but tended to improve the cellular specific immune response (p= 0.850). Other findings of this study were that soy isoflavone supplementation tends to improve specific immune responses in postmenopausal women with normal body mass index and adequate daily dietary isoflavone intakes. Short-term soy isoflavone supplementation is unable to improve the humoral and cellular specific immune responses in postmenopausal women aged 48 to 60 years.
High dose simvastatin and adverse muscle effects Yenny, Yenny
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.135-137

Abstract

High blood cholesterol, or hyperlipidemia, is a cardiovascular risk factor. Surveys have demonstrated that 35.6% of adults in the United States suffer from hyperlipidemia.(1) Currently there are various therapeutic regimens available for hyperlipidemia. The use of lipid-lowering drugs, patient education, dietary modification, and exercise have all been recommended for the management of hyperlipidemia.
Physical activity reduced hypertension in the elderly and cost-effective Gandasentana, Robert D.; Kusumaratna, Rina K.
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.173-181

Abstract

Sedentary lifestyle gives rise to important health problems in the world, such as cardiovascular disorders and hypertension. Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is the most significant risk factor for stroke. There is mounting evidence that physical activity is beneficial for the elderly, and may have positive effects on chronic disorders, such as hypertension. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of physical activity for reducing hypertension and the healthcare costs of hypertension in the elderly. This cross-sectional study, conducted from August to October 2009, involved 237 community-dwelling elderly in one district of South Jakarta, comprising 86 males and 151 females aged 66.4 ± 6.3 years. Data on background characteristics were collected using a validated questionnaire, while physical activity was assessed using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results showed that 32.9% elderly was physically active and 67.1 % less physically active. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 18.6%, while there was no significant difference of hypertension between male and female elderly (p=0.737). The risk for hypertension in the physically active group was 0.40 times lower than that in the less physically active group (OR = 0.40; 95% C.I. 0.16 – 0.97), leading to annual healthcare cost savings in the physically active group of 60%. In conclusion, physical activity reduces hypertension and the associated healthcare expenditure among community-dwelling elderly.
Home humidity increased risk of tuberculosis in children living with adult active tuberculosis cases Lestari, Pudji; Sustini, Florentina; Endaryanto, Anang; Asih, Retno
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.138-145

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in the world. Environmental factors play significant roles in infection and disease development in children living with adult active TB cases. The aim of this study was to explore the environmental factors affecting TB risk in children, including humidity and number of people living in the same house with the children.  Using a cross-sectional study design, children living with active TB adults for at least 8 weeks were recruited. The subjects underwent clinical examination, tuberculin skin test (TST) and radiological investigations. Home visits were conducted three times daily, namely in the morning, at midday, and in the evening, to measure humidity by digital hygrometer and to observe home conditions. Of 56 index cases living with active TB adults in an urban low socio-economic setting, 64 contact TB children were recruited. These children were classified as class I with negative TST and no clinical signs, class II with positive TST and no clinical signs, and class III with both positive TST and clinical signs. There were 32 (50%) class I, 10 (15.6%) class II and 22 (34.3%) class III children. However, a sub-sample of 43 showed positive results for Mtb 16S rRNA, indicating that all children were infected. The humidity cut-off point was set at 75%, p=0.04 and EP 2.09 (CI= 1.32-3.29), signifying that children living in houses with a humidity higher than 75%, were twice more likely to be tuberculin positive. Environmental conditions playing a role in disease development were humidity and number of people living in the house.
Erectile dysfunction and health-related quality of life in elderly males Asmara, Kirana; Marisha, Meitty; Hengky, Hengky; Agustanti, Fitria; Tampubolon, Hotma P.
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.182-188

Abstract

One important aspect that will determine the quality of human life is sex life. Therefore sexual activity may be used in the assessment of the quality of life. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to continuously achieve or maintain a penile erection quality so as to achieve a satisfying sexual relationship. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ED and quality of life in the male elderly. A cross-sectional study was carried out on males aged 60 years and over in West Cilandak village, South Jakarta. The presence of ED was evaluated by means of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and quality of life with the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean difference of QOL by erectile dysfunction category. The correlation between the total ED score  and QOL was analyzed using the Pearson correlation analysis. Subjects included 199 elderly male patients, with mean age of 66.7 years (age range 60-81 years), among whom 80.5% presented with ED. The results of ANOVA analysis showed that ED affects quality of life total score (p=0.000), with a significant difference in the vitality (p=0.029), physical function  (p=0.048), and role emotional subscales (p=0.011). ED is a highly prevalent among elderly males and impairs the overall quality of life, The SF-36 is applicable and suitable for evaluation of quality of life.
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreases vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in postmenopausal women Pusparini, Pusparini; Wiradharma, Danny; Herwana, Elly
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.146-154

Abstract

In premenopausal women cardiovascular disease is rarely encountered, but after menopause the prevalence of cardiovascular disease increases drastically. There are several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, known as traditional risk factors, among others body fat concentration, age, duration of menopause, body mass index (BMI), and estradiol concentration. Cardiovascular disease is considered as an inflammatory disorder, in which adhesion molecules play an important role. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is one of the adhesion molecules with an important role in the atherosclerotic process. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of risk factors affecting the expression of VCAM-1 in postmenopausal women. This study was a cross-sectional study involving 182 postmenopausal women in the age range of 47- 60 years, who were residents of Mampang Prapatan subdistrict, South Jakarta. Venous blood samples were obtained for laboratory investigations, viz. fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transamirase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transmirasi (SGPT), bilirubin, total protein, albumin, estradiol and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).A multiple regression analysis was performed on traditional risk factors and their relationship with VCAM-1 concentration. The results showed there were five traditional risk factors influencing VCAM-1 concentration, viz. duration of menopause, BMI, estradiol concentration, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Among these five factors, LDL cholesterol had the greatest influence on VCAM-1 expression (beta coefficient = -0.253 and p=0.001). In conclusion, LDL cholesterol concentration decreased VCAM-1 expression in postmenopausal women.
Smoking habit as a risk factor in tuberculosis: a case-control study Sahiratmadja, Edhyana; Nagelkerke, Nico
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (60.991 KB) | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.189-196

Abstract

Indonesia is fifth in the tuberculosis (TB) prevalence globally and this country is one of the largest tobacco producers. Smoking has been reported to be an important risk factor for TB and a reduction in smoking could be expected to have a significant impact on TB incidence and prevalence. However, studies from various countries yielded conflicting results. Our study aims to explore the association between smoking and TB in Indonesia as TB-endemic country. In two major cities of Indonesia, Jakarta and Bandung, a case-control study had been conducted. TB was diagnosed based on WHO criteria including clinical presentation, and chest X-ray (CXR) examination, and confirmed by microscopic detection of acid-fast bacilli in Ziehl-Nielsen stained sputum smears or by culture of M. tuberculosis. Newly diagnosed smear-positive pulmonary TB patients (n=802) and their spouses (n=253) or sex-matched neighborhood controls (n=534) were interviewed about their smoking habits. An extensive questionnaire was used to collect data about smoking habits of both patients and controls. Smoking categories were grouped into ever (for current/past smokers) and never. Our study result showed that smoking appears not to be strongly associated with TB (OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.76-1.31). The reasons for the effect heterogeneity remain to be elucidated as smoking is a lethal habit and should be well controlled. The need to incorporate tobacco cessation programs into TB treatment is strongly recommended to improve TB control.

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