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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)" : 12 Documents clear
Reversible ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy: report of a rare case Syntia Nusanti; Rasyidia Laksmita Putri; Dearaini Dearaini
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.271-276

Abstract

BackgroundEthambutol (EMB) is one of the first-line anti-tuberculosis therapy. One of its precarious side effects is ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON). The ocular manifestations of EON include painless loss of central vision and cecocentral scotomas in the visual field. Case DescriptionA 60-year old man presented with gradual and painless visual loss since 3 months prior to visit. The accompanying symptoms were frequent headache without double vision and photophobia. He had been diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) for 9 months and consumed EMB for 7 months before being advised to discontinue. There was neither history of systemic diseases nor family history of neuropathy. Examination showed reduced visual acuity with positive relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) on right eye. Humphrey test showed bilateral generalized visual loss. Ocular computed tomography (OCT) showed retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was within normal limit. Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) brain indicated unremarkable result for optic neuropathy. Based on the examinations listed above, this patient was diagnosed as EON and EMB was stopped immediately. Patient was given oral citicoline 1000mg and zinc supplementation for one month. After 1 st and 3 rd month follow up, patient’s visual function was gradually improved. The ophthalmic examinations indicated recovery of the visual function. ConclusionsThis case suggested that an early detection and intervention in patient with EON has promising result in visual outcome. EON is a reversible optic neuropathy if the ocular toxicity is monitored closely among the tuberculosis patients who are prescribed EMB regiment.
Psychological distress and dyslipidemia in adult women: A 6-years follow up study in Bogor City, Indonesia Sulistyowati Tuminah Darjoko; Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; Srilaning Driyah; Dewi Kristanti; Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.236-245

Abstract

BACKGROUNDDyslipidemia is of global occurrence, with a prevalence 30% or higher in several countries, including Indonesia. One risk factor of dyslipidemia is physical or mental stress, that is more frequent in women. This study aimed at investigating the association between psychological distress and dyslipidemia in adult women. METHODSThis observational longitudinal study involved 1850 women aged 25 years and older at baseline. Dyslipidemia was determined from the ratio of low- density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein. Psychological distress was determined using the 20-item self-reporting questionnaire. Data analysis was by Cox regression for calculating the hazard ratio of the incidence of dyslipidemia as predicted by the psychological distress. RESULTSAmong the 1474 participants without dyslipidemia at baseline, 545 (36.9%) developed dyslipidemia during 6 years of monitoring, while 93 (6.3%) had a history of psychological distress. There was a significant association between psychological distress and dyslipidemia (HR = 3.08; 95% CI: 2.33- 4.07). Cox regression revealed that the association was still found to be significant after a further adjustment for the variables of age, BMI, menopause, smoking status, physical activity, and carbohydrate and fat intakes (HR=2.8; 95% CI: 2.10 - 3.77). CONCLUSIONSDyslipidemia incidence was high among adult women in Bogor. Women with psychological distress had higher incidence rates of dyslipidemia than women without psychological distress. Psychological distress in women was statistically significantly associated with incidence rate of dyslipidemia. This finding highlights the importance of the need for a dyslipidemia- reduction program in women through prevention and control of psychological distress.
Genetics of circadian rhythm in disease and aging process Juhi Aggarwal; Niharika Singh; Jyoti Batra
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.207-209

Abstract

Association of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae with female infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis Araz Majnooni; Saeed Amel Jamedar; Amir Azimian; Kiarash Ghazvini
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.302-314

Abstract

BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are commonly diagnosed sexually transmitted infections that have been associated with serious reproductive health outcomes for women. The association of CT and NG infection with female fertility is not completely established yet. This review aimed to determine the association of CT and NG with female infertility. MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. We searched a range of electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, from Sept 25, 2017 until February 1, 2021. From the 851 studies screened, 552 that failed to meet our eligibility criteria were excluded. Subsequently, we removed 290 studies for not having a possible correlation of CT and NG infections with female infertility. Nine studies comprising 1827 infertile patients met our inclusion criteria. Two investigators independently extracted a range of data. All analyses were performed using STATA (version 13.1, Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA). ResultsCT infection potentiates female infertility, as 76.47% of the included studies found a positive correlation between them. However, due to the limited number of reported data, we were not able to compare NG infection prevalence in fertile and non-fertile patients. Overall prevalences of CT and NG infections among infertile patients were 12 % and 3%, respectively, while CT infection prevalence among the fertile group was 7%. Conclusion The prevalences of CT and NG infections were high in infertile women. Screening and treatment of C. trachomatis and gonococcal infections during infertility treatment might increase the pregnancy rate.
Radiographic lumbosacral angle has a low yield for diagnosing low back pain in workers 20-70 years of age Partogi Napitupulu; Gupita Nareswari; Mulia Rahmansyah; Tandy Chintya Tanaji
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.263-270

Abstract

BACKGROUNDThe increasing trend of working from home (WFH) among workers may lead to prolonged sitting time, which is associated with increased complaints of low back pain (LBP). The lumbosacral angle (LSA) is one of the clinically important radiographic angles related to the curves commonly measured to evaluate the biomechanical factors linked with LBP. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of radiographic LSA for diagnosing LBP among workers aged 20-70 years. METHODS An analytic cross-sectional study involving 119 participants was carried out in Trisakti University. Lumbosacral angle was measured using Ferguson’s method. Data regarding LBP symptoms, sitting duration, and sitting position were collected using a questionnaire. Sensitivity and specificity was used to describe the characteristics of LSA as a screening test of LBP. RESULTSThe subjects consisted of 66 women (55.5%) and 53 men (44.5 %). Their ages ranged from 20 to 64 years with a median age of 40.0 years. Mean LSA was 37.4 ± 7.3º, while the prevalence of LBP was 75 (63.0%). The optimal cut-off value of LSA for the prediction of LBP was 49.5% (95% CI: 0.385-0.606). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of LSA in detecting LBP were 58.7%, 45.5%, 68.8%, and 43.6%. CONCLUSIONSThe radiographic lumbosacral angle has a low yield for the diagnosis of LBP among workers aged 20-70 years. Further studies are needed to confirm our results and to test the application of this measurement.
Anal human papillomavirus genotype distribution and its associations with abnormal anal cytology among men who have sex with men I Ketut Agus Somia; Tuti Parwati Merati; Dewi Dian Sukmawati; Ni Wayan Winarti; IGAA Elis Indira; Ida Bagus Dwija Putra; Made Yogi Oktavian Prasetia
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.246-253

Abstract

BACKGROUND Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the severity of anal cytologic abnormalities that are precancerous lesions. Knowledge of HPV type distribution in populations at risk for anal cancer is needed. This study investigated anal HPV infections and cytological abnormalities among men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 90 men aged >30 years with a history of anal sexual intercourse with men. Demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors were collected by using a self-completed questionnaire. Anal cytological results were examined, and HPV genotyping was performed by the Linear Array HPV genotyping test. Descriptive analyses of subject characteristics, prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed. A chi-square test was used to determine their associations with high-risk HPV infection and cytological abnormalities. RESULTS The overall prevalence of abnormal cytology was 32% (24/75), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 17.33 % (13/75), 14.66% (11/75) were classified as low-grade SIL (LSIL) and no participant had high-grade SIL (HSIL). Prevalence of HPV infection with normal cytology was 86.27% (44/51), ASCUS 92.30% (12/13), and LSIL 100% (11/11). The most common types of anal HPV in participants with cytological abnormalities are HPV 16, HPV 18 for high-risk HPV, and HPV 11, HPV 6 for low-risk HPV. There were no associations between the predictor variables and the abnormal cytology (p>0.05). CONCLUSION There was a high prevalence of HPV infection in MSM with abnormal anal cytology. A routine anal Pap smear program and vaccination are needed to prevent HPV infection and anal dysplasia in MSM.
Predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy in pregnant adolescents Funda Ozdemir; Seda Karaçay Yıkar; Evşen Nazik
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.254-262

Abstract

BackgroundBreastfeeding is critical for infant health and development globally. Current knowledge and attitude of future parents will significantly influence breastfeeding practices. The study was conducted to determine the levels and determinants of breastfeeding self-efficacy among primiparous and secundigravid adolescents. MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed involving 54 primiparous and secundigravid adolescents in antenatal clinics of hospitals affiliated to the Ministry of Health in Adana, Turkey. They were aged between 16 and 19 years, had a single living fetus, did not have pregnancy complications, were in their third trimester of pregnancy, attended an antenatal clinic, and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form and the Antenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Short Form Scale (BSES-SF). Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis, Mann Whitney U and multiple linear regression analysis test were used to analyze the data. ResultsMean age of the pregnant adolescents was 18.28 ± 0.79 years, and 31.5% had primary education, 96.3% were not working, 55.6% lived in a nuclear family, and 51.9% had not received breastfeeding education. The total BSES-SF mean score was 55.37 ± 12.84. Breastfeeding education has a statistically significant effect on breastfeeding self-efficacy of pregnant adolescents (p<0.05). Regular antenatal care, breastfeeding training status, breastfeeding education source variables and breastfeeding self-efficacy variable of women significantly predicted negatively (p<0.05). ConclusionsBreastfeeding education source was the most influential predictor variable of BSES. There is a need for nursing initiatives to enhance the adolescents’ antenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy levels.
Breast cancer survivors and behavior: cancer care in the time of COVID-19 in Indonesia Widyanti Soewoto
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.277-288

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions in cancer care, and preliminary research suggests that these disruptions are associated with increased levels of psychosocial distress among cancer survivors. Indonesia initially reported positive cases in early March 2020, followed by regular extensive occurrences across 34 provinces. The disease causes acute respiratory failure among people with specific comorbidities, including geriatric disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and cancer. Consequently, the patients’ conditions become more severe, possibly leading to a higher mortality rate. Individuals with cancer are at particularly elevated risk of a severe course of COVID-19 because they tend to be of older age and are at a greater risk for needing intensive care and for mortality. A reasonably good comprehension of the current COVID-19 outbreak, poor awareness of the primary disease and subsequent therapy program, and minimal understanding of the importance of continuing treatment during the pandemic are the probable factors causing the fear of contracting the COVID-19 virus that poses a significant threat of aggravating the existing breast cancer conditions in most patients. This anxiety shows a drastic impact in altering the behavioral patterns of survivors undergoing therapy. There is a very good understanding of how it is caused by the SARS-COV2 virus. Meanwhile, there is a severe lack of understanding of cancer and the therapeutic program. The patients are more afraid of contracting this virus than they are of their cancer. Patients prefer development of their cancer to contracting the SARS-COV2 virus. Therefore, massive education and supervision are needed for cancer patients to understand the COVID-19 pandemic and ensure that routine checks are appropriately managed.
Pleural plaques and pleural changes among lung cancer patients exposed to asbestos Aziza Ghanie Icksan; Canti Widharisastra; Anna Suraya; Martina Ferstl
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.210-218

Abstract

BackgroundIndonesia is one of the world's largest asbestos importing countries. While asbestos is the main contributor to work-related lung cancer, studies or reports regarding the CT findings of asbestos-related lung cancer have been limited in the country. The objective of this study was to compare CT findings of the size of the tumor and pleural and lung parenchymal changes between lung cancer patients exposed to asbestosis and those not exposed. MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 96 lung cancer patients consisting of 48 subjects who had been exposed to asbestos and 48 who had not been exposed. They underwent thoracic CT scans at the Radiology Department of Persahabatan Hospital. Asbestos exposure was determined using interviews that followed a protocol similar to that of a previous study about asbestos-related lung cancer. Senior radiologists investigated the existence of pleural and parenchymal changes. An independent T- test and chi-square test to compare CT scan features between the two groups. ResultsThe mean age was 57.75 ± 8.56 years in the asbestos-exposed group and 58.56 ± 7.99 years in the unexposed group. The proportion of tumor sizes of more than five cm, pleural plaques, and subpleural dot-like or branching opacities were significantly higher among asbestos-exposed subjects compared to the non-exposed group (p = 0.044;p=0.37;p=0.041, respectively). ConclusionsAsbestos exposure is significantly related to the size of the tumor and the existence of pleural plaques and asbestosis. These findings may help further management of lung cancer patients and the policy of asbestos use in Indonesia.
Chemokines in allergic asthma inflammation Sulfiana Sulfiana; Febriana Catur Iswanti
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.289-301

Abstract

Asthma is the most frequent noncommunicable disease and one of the leading causes of years lived with disability. Asthma has a severe impact on a patient's life, being able to disturb the activities of both children and adults. The morbidity and mortality of asthma may depend on the severity and progressiveness of the symptoms experienced by the patient. Different and complex pathomechanisms underline the pathology of asthma, in which the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses plays a role. There is a complex interaction between immune cells including chemokines involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Immune cell trafficking is orchestrated by a family of small proteins called chemokines. Leukocytes express cell-surface receptors that bind to chemokines and trigger transendothelial migration. This review article outlines the main role of chemokines in inflammatory reactions that occur in allergic asthma, based on the latest literature studies that have been published previously. The allergic reaction in asthma expresses various chemokines and their receptors. Chemokines including eotaxins (CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26), CCL2, CCL5, CCL17, and CCL22 regulate immune cells that under pathological conditions travel to the inflammatory site, mainly in the lung, to protect the body from pathogen invasion. Chemokines are released by a number of immune cells such as monocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells, and epithelial cells in the airway. The biological effects of chemokine production are enhanced by secreted cytokines when an allergic reaction occurs in asthma, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Chemokines cause an accumulation of different inflammatory cells at the site of inflammation, which ultimately results in tissue damage to the airway. The inhibition of the reactions evoked by the interaction between chemokines and their receptors is considered a candidate for the development of potent therapeutic drugs for asthma in the future.

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