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EDITOR IN CHIEF Gerald H. Tamuntuan, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Indonesia MANAGING EDITOR Verna A. Suoth, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Indonesia BOARD OF EDITOR Audy Wuntu, Fakultas MIPA Univesitas Sam Ratulangi BOARD OF EDITOR Nio Song Ai, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Indonesia BOARD OF EDITOR Nelson Naingolang, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Indonesia
Location
Kota manado,
Sulawesi utara
INDONESIA
Jurnal MIPA
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23023899     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35799/jmuo.10.2.2021.33592
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal MIPA menjadi sarana publikasi bagi akademisi dan peneliti. Jurnal MIPA mempublikasikan artikel hasil penelitian di bidang : Matematika Fisika Biologi Kimia
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 1 (2020)" : 8 Documents clear
Uji Toksisitas dan Uji Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Petroleum Eter Etil Asetat dan Air Tepung Gabah Pelepah Aren (Arenga pinnata) Sangi, Meiske; Pontoh, Julius
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.26956

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji toksisitas tepung pelepah aren yang diawali dengan maserasi dengan pelarut etanol kemudian difraksinasi dengan petroleum eter, etil asetat dan air. Masing-masing ekstrak dilakukan uji toksisitas dan uji fitokimia. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengujian toksisitas adalah Brine Shrimpt Lethality Test (BSLT) dengan menggunakan larva udang jenis Artemia salina Leach sebagai bioindikator dan uji fitokimia. Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak etil asetat tepung pelepah aren adalah bersifat sangat toksik dengan nilai LC50 < 1000 ppm (7,76 ppm) yang diikuti oleh ekstrak petroleum eter 10,69 ppm kemudian ekstrak etanol 15,81 ppm dan terakhir ekstrak air 26,92 ppm. Hasil uji fitokimia tepung pelepah aren mengandung beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid pada ekstrak etanol, petroleum eter, etil asetat dan air, triterpenoid hanya pada ekstrak etanol, petroleum eter dan etil asetat sedangkan ekstrak air negatif. Selanjutnya tanin yang positif adalah ekstrak etanol, etil asetat dan air sedangkan petroleum eter negatif. Kesimpulan tepung pelepah aren toksik terhadap larva udang artemia salina Leach dan mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, triterpenoid dan taninThe purpose of this study was to examine the toxicity of Aren’s midrib flour that was preceded by maceration with ethanol solvent then concentrated and fractionated with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water. Each extract was tested for toxicity and phytochemical testing. The method used for toxicity testing is the Brine Shrimpt Lethality Test (BSLT) by using artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae as bioindicators and phytochemical tests. The results of the toxicity test of the ethyl acetate extract of aren’s midrib flour are very toxic with LC50 value <1000 ppm (7.76 ppm) followed by petroleum ether extract 10.69 ppm then ethanol extract 15.81 ppm and finally water extract 26.92 ppm. The results of phytochemical tests of aren’s midrib flour contain several secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids in ethanol extract, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water, triterpenoids only in ethanol extract, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate while negative water extracts. Furthermore, for tannins that are positive are ethanol, ethyl acetate and water extracts while petroleum ether is negative. Conclusion Aren’s midrib flour is toxic to the larvae of shrimp artemia salina Leach and contains secondary metabolites of alkaloids, triterpenoids and tannins 
Investigasi Anomali TEC-Ionosfer Sebelum Letusan Gunung Lokon 14 Juli 2011 Menggunakan Metode Sliding Interquartile Ango, Christian Imanuel; Pandara, Dolfie Paulus; Ferdy, Ferdy; Tongkukut, Seni H.J.
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.27677

Abstract

Gunung Lokon yang berada di Sulawesi Utara adalah salah satu gunung api yang sering mengalami erupsi di Indonesia. Sebelum erupsi terjadi, terdapat aktivitas pra-erupsi yang memicu munculnya anomali Total Electron Content (TEC) di ionosfer. Anomali TEC yang menandai terjadinya letusan diasumsikan sebagai prekursor erupsi yang dapat bermanfaat bagi upaya mitigasi bencana letusan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi anomali TEC sebelum letusan gunung Lokon pada tanggal 14 Juli 2011. Investigasi anomali TEC menggunakan metode Sliding Interquartile diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan adanya anomali TEC yang terjadi 3 hari menjelang letusan yaitu pada tanggal 11 Juli 2011. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya aktivitas pra-erupsi yang berpengaruh pada kuantitas TEC di ionosfer.Mount Lokon, located in North Sulawesi is among the most active volcanoes in Indonesia. Before the eruption occurred, there was a pre-eruption activity that triggered anomaly on Total Electron Content (TEC) in the ionosphere. TEC anomaly that mark the eruption are assumed as precursors of eruption that can be useful for disaster eruption mitigation efforts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the TEC anomaly before the Lokon eruption on July 14, 2011. Investigation of TEC by using the Sliding Interquartile method, the results showed that an TEC anomaly occurred 3 days before the eruption on July 11, 2011.These indicates the presence of pre-eruptive activity that affects the quantity of TEC in the ionosphere.
Penerapan Metode Transesterifikasi Subkritis Mendekati Isokorik dalam Pembuatan Biodiesel Lametige, Jil Astriko; Sangian, Hanny Frans; Tanauma, Adey; Rombang, Joshua
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.27081

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat biodiesel dengan bahan baku minyak kelapa dan minyak sawit dengan mencampurkan metanol sebagai pelarut dan KOH (kalium hidroksida) sebagai katalis. Proses transesterifikasi berarti mengambil molekul trigliserida atau asam lemak kompleks, menetralkan asam lemak bebas dengan menambahkan metil alkohol menjadi metil ester. Tahapan pertama yaitu membuat biodiesel dengan volume keseluruhan campuran bahan baku, pelarut dan katalis yaitu 575 ml dan 550 ml dengan tekanan maksimum 15 bar dan suhu maksimum 150oC selama satu jam. Tahapan berikutnya menghitung yield yang diperoleh dari biodiesel yang dihasilkan kemudian dilakukan uji Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry dan selanjutnya dilakukan uji parameter bahan bakar. Hasil menunjukkan biodiesel dari minyak kelapa memperoleh yield 98,82% lebih besar daripada minyak sawit yang hanya memperoleh yield 92,38%, dan ditemukan komposisi C terbesar pada biodiesel dari minyak kelapa dengan volume keseluruhan campuran bahan 575 ml yaitu C15H30O2 dengan luas area 27.10% sedangkan komposisi terbesar untuk biodiesel dengan volume keseluruhan campuran bahan 550 ml adalah C15H30O2 dengan luas area 24.04%. Untuk biodiesel dari minyak sawit komposisi C terbesar yang terbentuk pada volume keseluruhan campuran bahan 575 ml yaitu C19H36O2 dengan luas area 40.95% dan untuk volume keseluruhan campuran bahan 550 ml komposisi terbesar C19H36O2 dengan luas area 40.88%.This study aims to make biodiesel with raw materials of coconut oil and palm oil by mixing methanol as a solvent and KOH (kalium hydroxide) as a catalyst. The process of transesterification means taking triglyceride molecules or complex fatty acids, neutralizing free fatty acids by adding methyl alcohol to methyl esters. The first stage is making biodiesel with an overall volume of a mixture of raw materials, solvents and catalysts of 575 ml and 550 ml with a maximum pressure of 15 bar and a maximum temperature of 150oC for one hour. The next stage is calculating the yield obtained from the biodiesel produced then the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry test and then to test the fuel parameters. The results show biodiesel from coconut oil yields 98.82% greater than palm oil which only yields 92.38% yield, and found the largest composition of C in biodiesel from coconut oil with a total volume of 575 ml mixture material, namely C15H30O2 with an area of 27.10% while the largest composition for biodiesel with an overall volume of a mixture of 550 ml material is C15H30O2 with an area of 24.04%. For biodiesel from composition C largest palm oil that is formed in the overall volume of the mixture of 575 ml, namely C19H36O2 with an area of 40.95% and for the overall volume of the mixture of 550 ml the largest composition of C19H36O2 with an area of 40.88%.
Identifikasi Medication Error di Poli Interna Rumah Sakit X di Kota Manado Citraningtyas, Gayatri; Angkoauwa, Leydia; Maalangen, Tiansi
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.27789

Abstract

Medication error adalah suatu kejadian yang dapat merugikan bahkan membahayakan keselamatan pasien yang dilakukan oleh petugas kesehatan khususnya dalam hal pelayanan pengobatan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan persentase medication error pada fase prescribing dan dispensing di Poli Interna Rumah Sakit X di Kota Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat analisis deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data secara prospektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa medication error yang terjadi pada fase prescribing antara lain tulisan resep tidak terbaca 3%, tidak ada nama dokter penulis resep 0,33%, tidak ada paraf dokter 0,33%, salah/nama pasien tidak jelas 4,98%, tidak ada usia pasien 72,75%, tidak ada konsentrasi/dosis sediaan 12,62%, tidak ada jumlah obat 0,33%, tidak ada bentuk sediaan 11,62%, dan tidak lengkap penulisan resep obat keras 0,66%. Sedangkan medication error pada fase dispensing meliputi pengambilan obat yang salah 0,33% dan jumlah obat yang diserahkan kurang 1,66%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kejadian medication error di Poli Interna Rumah Sakit X di Kota Manado terbesar yaitu terjadi pada fase prescribing.Medication error is a condition that can harm and even endanger patient safety carried out by medical workers, especially in terms of patient treatment services. This study aims to determine the percentage of medication errors during the prescribing and dispensing phase at the Interna station of X Hospital in Manado City. This research is a descriptive analysis with prospective data collection. The results showed that medication errors that occurred during the prescribing phase included the recipe cannot be read 3%, no doctor's name in prescription 0.33%, no doctor's initial 0.33%, incorrect/unclear patient name 4.98%, no patient age 72.75%, no concentration/dosage of drugs 12.62%, no amount of drugs 0.33%, no dosage form 11.62%, and no complete prescription of prescription only medicine 0.66%. While medication errors in the dispensing phase include taking the wrong drug 0.33% and the amount of drug delivered is less than 1.66%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the incidence of medication errors at Interna station of X Hospital in Manado city mostly occurs in the prescribing phase.Medication error is a condition that can harm and even endanger patient safety carried out by medical workers, especially in terms of patient treatment services. This study aims to determine the percentage of medication errors during the prescribing and dispensing phase at the Interna station of X Hospital in Manado City. This research is a descriptive analysis with prospective data collection. The results showed that medication errors that occurred during the prescribing phase included the recipe cannot be read 3%, no doctor's name in prescription 0.33%, no doctor's initial 0.33%, incorrect/unclear patient name 4.98%, no patient age 72.75%, no concentration/dosage of drugs 12.62%, no amount of drugs 0.33%, no dosage form 11.62%, and no complete prescription of prescription only medicine 0.66%. While medication errors in the dispensing phase include taking the wrong drug 0.33% and the amount of drug delivered is less than 1.66%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the incidence of medication errors at Interna station of X Hospital in Manado city mostly occurs in the prescribing phase.
Investigasi Sebaran Lumpur Panas Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Tahanan Jenis Konfigurasi Dipol-Dipol di Desa Karumenga Sebagai Mitigasi Bencana Alam Mangensiga, Febrianti; As’ari, As’ari; Tanauma, Adey
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.27082

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan struktur bawah permukaan di area manifestasi lumpur panas di Desa Karumenga dan menginvestigasi sebaran lumpur panas. Akuisisi data dengan jumlah lintasan 4 yang masing-masing panjang lintasannya yaitu 240 m untuk lintasan 1 dan lintasan 3, 160 m pada lintasan 2, dan 480 m pada lintasan 4. Data lapangan diukur menggunakan resistivity and IP meter MAE-X612-EM menggunakan metode geolistrik tahanan jenis konfigurasi dipol-dipol. Data pengukuran kemudian diolah menggunakan Software Res2dinv. Hasil berupa model tampang lintang 2D bawah permukaan, lumpur panas diidentifikasi dengan nilai tahanan jenis 13,9 Ωm sampai 80 Ωm. Pada lintasan 1 lumpur panas terdapat di sepanjang lintasan dengan kedalaman bervariasi antara 0 sampai 32,5 m. Lintasan 2 lumpur panas terdapat di sepanjang lintasan dengan kedalaman bervariasi antara 0 sampai 24,5 m. Lintasan 3 lumpur panas terdapat di sepanjang lintasan dengan kedalaman bervariasi antara 0 sampai 33,5 m. Pada lintasan 4 lumpur panas tersebar disepanjang lintasan dengan kedalaman  32 m. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sebaran lumpur panas, diperoleh informasi tingkat kerawanan daerah penelitian dengan menggunakan Software Surfer 11.This study aims to map subsurface structures in the area of hot mud manifestations in Karumenga Village and investigate the distribution of hot mud. Data acquisition with the number of lines 4 with a length of 240 m for line 1 and line 3, 160 m for line 2, and 480 m for line 4. Field data were measured using a resistivity and IP meter MAE-X612-EM using the dipole-dipole configuration resistivity geoelectric method. The measurement. Data is processed using Res2dinv Software. The results are in the form of 2D subsurface models, hot mud identified with resistivity values of 13.9 to 80 Ωm. Line 1, the hot mud is present along the line with depths ranging from 0 to 32.5 m. Line 2, hot mud is appear along the line with depths varying from 0 to 24.5 m. Line 3, hot mud is located along the line with depths varying from 0 to 33.5 m. Line 4, hot mud is spread along the line with a depth of    ≤ 32 m. Based on the analysis of the hot mud distribution, it is obtained information on the level of vulnerability of the study area by using Surfer 11 Software.
Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Bioplastik Berbahan Dasar Biomassa dengan Plasticizer Gliserol Maneking, Engellita; Sangian, Hanny Frans; Tongkukut, Seni Herlina Juita
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.27420

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan mengkarakterisasi bioplastik yang memanfaatkan biomassa singkong. Pembuatan bioplastik dilakukan dengan dua variasi campuran yaitu pati singkong sebagai bahan dasar, gliserol + air sebagai plasticizer, asam asetat (cuka) sebagai katalis dan variasi kedua dengan kombinasi yang sama dengan penambahan alkohol sebagai pembanding. Karakterisasi bioplastik meliputi pengamatan permukaan menggunakan SEM; kristalinitas menggunakan XRD; penentuan gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR; serta menganalisis sifat termal menggunakan TGA dan DSC. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa bioplastik dengan kombinasi pati singkong+ gliserol + air + asam asetat (cuka) + alkohol mempunyai tingkat degradasi yang tinggi. Hal ini sesuai dengan analisis XRD dimana kombinasi ini memiliki nilai kristalinitas rendah. Hasil spektra IR menunjukkan adanya gugus C-H Alkana, C=O ester, dan C-H Alkena. Sementara hasil SEM memperlihatkan permukaan yang rata dan hasil analisis TGA/DSC yang memperlihatkan pengurangan massa sebesar 2,3234 mgThis study aims to create and characterize bioplastics that utilize cassava biomass. The making of bioplastics is carried out for two variations of mixture, namely cassava starch as the material-based, glycerol + water as plasticizer, acetic acid (vinegar) as a catalyst and the second variation with the same combination with the addition of alcohol as a comparison. Characterization of bioplastics includes surface observations using SEM; crystallinity using XRD; determination of functional groups using FTIR; and analyzing of thermal properties using TGA and DSC. The characterization results show that bioplastics with a combination of cassava starch + glycerol + water + acetic acid (vinegar) + alcohol have a high degree of degradation. This is in accordance with the XRD analysis where this combination has a low crystallinity value. IR spectra showed that the presence of C-H Alkana groups, C = O esters, and C-H alkenes. While the SEM results showed a flat surface and the results of the TGA / DSC analysis which showed a mass reduction of 2.3234 mg.This study aims to create and characterize bioplastics that utilize cassava biomass. The making of bioplastics is carried out for two variations of mixture, namely cassava starch as the material-based, glycerol + water as plasticizer, acetic acid (vinegar) as a catalyst and the second variation with the same combination with the addition of alcohol as a comparison. Characterization of bioplastics includes surface observations using SEM; crystallinity using XRD; determination of functional groups using FTIR; and analyzing of thermal properties using TGA and DSC. The characterization results show that bioplastics with a combination of cassava starch + glycerol + water + acetic acid (vinegar) + alcohol have a high degree of degradation. This is in accordance with the XRD analysis where this combination has a low crystallinity value. IR spectra showed that the presence of C-H Alkana groups, C = O esters, and C-H alkenes. While the SEM results showed a flat surface and the results of the TGA / DSC analysis which showed a mass reduction of 2.3234 mg.
Investigasi Air Tanah di Daerah Sea Kabupaten Minahasa Dengan Menggunakan Geolistrik Resistivitas Konfigurasi Dipol-Dipol Tanauma, Adey; Tangkuman, Herling Daud; Sangi, Mesike
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.26914

Abstract

Penyebaran air tanah yang tidak merata dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor jenis batuan, bentuk topografi permukaan, jenis vegetasi dan jumlah curah hujan suatu tempat. Eksplorasi geofisika metode geolistrik tahanan jenis konfigurasi dipol-dipol digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi sebaran akuifer air tanah di desa Sea  Kabupaten Minahasa. Data diolah menggunakan software Res2Dinv dan menghasilkan peta model resistivitas bawah permukaan 2 dimensi yang menggambarkan keadaan lapisan tanah. Teridentifikasi sebaran akuifer air tanah permukaan dengan kedalaman ≤ 20 m di sepanjang lintasan pengukuran. Akuifer air tanah dalam diidentifikasi pada lintasan 1 dengan kedalaman sampai 30 m dan 60 m.  Akuifer air tanah dengan kedalaman< 60 m mempunyai potensi dijadikan sebagai sumber air tanahThe uneven distribution of ground water is influenced by factors such as rock type, surface topography, vegetation type and the amount of rainfall in a place. Geophysical exploration of the dipole-dipole configuration type of geoelectric resistivity method is used to identify the distribution of groundwater aquifers in Sea village, Minahasa District. The data is processed using Res2Dinv software and produces a 2-dimensional subsurface resistivity model map that describes the state of the soil layer. Distribution of surface ground aquifer with a depth of ≤ 20 m along the measurement line was identified. Deepwater aquifers were identified in l1ne 1 with depths up to 30 m and 60 m. Groundwater aquifers with a depth of <60 m have the potential to be used as ground water sources
Potensi Metabolik Komunitas Bakteri Endofit dan Rhizosfer Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) Berdasarkan Analisis Community-Level Physiological Profiles (CLPP) Tangapo, Agustina
Jurnal MIPA Vol 9, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jmuo.9.1.2020.27159

Abstract

Aktivitas metabolik dari komunitas bakteri endofit dan rizosfir diukur untuk membandingkan tingkat community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) menggunakan Biolog Ecoplates. Hasil penelitian kami menunjukkan kepadatan bakteri meningkat dengan urutan: endofit<rhizosfer. Keragaman mikroba dinilai oleh kekayaan spesies, jumlah spesies dan indeks kesamaan. Aktivitas total mikroba tertinggi diamati pada mikroba rhizosfer. CLPP menunjukkan bahwa bakteri bisa memanfaatkan semua kelompok sumber karbon sebagai berikut karbohidrat, asam amino, asam karboksilat, polimer, amina/amida, dan senyawa fenolik. Karbohidrat yang paling dimanfaatkan.  Total metabolic activity of endophytic and rhizosphere of bacterial community of sweet potato was measured to compare the community-level physiological profiles (CLPP) using by Biolog Ecoplates. Result of our study revealed that bacterial density increased in the following order: endophytes < rhizosphere. The microbial diversity assessed by species richness, the total number of species present and species evenness. The highest total microbial activity was observed for the rhizosphere. The CLPP revealed that the bacteria could differentially utilize all the groups of carbon sources as follows carbohydrate, amino acid, carboxilyc acid, polymer, amine/amide, and phenolic compound. Carbohydrate was most utilized.

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