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INDONESIA
Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995" : 7 Documents clear
Breath Hydrogen Test in Lactose Malabsorption Badriul Hegar; Hans A. Buller
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.161-71

Abstract

Lactose is the most important source in mammalian milk. In normal children, Lactose is hydrolyzed by lactase, and directly absorbed into bloodstream by an active transport mechanism. The term of lactose malabsorption is reserved to patients in whom impaired intestinal lactose hydrolysis and uptake has been proven by an appropriate test. The severity of lactose malabsorption and the extent of symptoms vary widely and are the results of several factors such as the amount of ingested lactose, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and colonic flora. The diagnosis of lactose malabsorption is based on clinical findings and the results of appropriate tests. The breath hydrogen test has obvious advantages for pediatric population because it is painless, non-invasive, sensitive and specific. In the absence of bacterial colonization in the small intestine, the elevation of the concentration of hydrogen in the expired air implies the arrival of lactose in the colon. The increasing respiratory excretion of hydrogen is indicative of a deficit of lactase in enterocyte brush border. This test can also be used to show the existence of bacterial growth. Dietary fiber, some drugs, preparation for colonoscopy, colonic pH, and diarrhea can influence the result of breath hydrogen test.
The Efficacy of Once-Daily Dose of Phenobarbital in Children with Generalized Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy Amril A. Burhany; Sofyan Ismael; Hardiono Pusponegoro
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.172-9

Abstract

In spite of its long half life, phenobarbital is still given twice-daily in the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy. This study aims to determine if daily dose of phenobarbital given once differs to that given twice daily. Subjects of this unblinded controlled clinical trial were generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy patients ranging in age from 1-15 years. There were 40 study cases and 42 controls. We gave phenobarbital 4-6 mg/kg/day once-daily for study group and twice-daily dose for control group. History, physical and EEG examination and phenobarbital plasma measurements were obtained a t the beginning of the study and four weeks later. The ratio of the second to first phenobarbital plasma concentrations in the study group was 0.99 while in the control group it was 1.02. The proportion of seizure-free patients in the study group increased from 70% at the beginning to 85% at the end of study, and in the control group from 64.3% to 83.3%. Hyperactivity and irritability increased in both groups, and there were no significant differences in mean serum levels, seizures control, hyperactivity and irritability in both groups. Drowsiness was found in 50% of cases, but statistically significant decrease were found in study group. The compliance of the study group (92.5%) was significantly better than that of the control group (71.4%).
Liver Function Test in Cholestasis Kompiang Gautama; Anki Tri Rini; Sudaryati S.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.180-4

Abstract

Cholestasis is impaired bile flow that cause prolonged evacuation of conjugated bilirubin and other substances which are dependent of bile flow for its excretion. The liver function test is useful to determine the severity of disease, to follow up its progress, and to predict the prognosis. This study was performed restropectively from the medical record of cholestatic patients who were admitted to the Department of Child Health, Central Hospital of Denpasar, from January 1992 to December 1993. Among 34 patients with cholestasis, 27 (19 intrahepatic and 8 extrahepatic cholestasis) were included in this study. Although the means of transaminase enzymes (SGOT, SGPT) in intrahepatic cholestasis were higher significantly than those in extrahepatic cholestasis, the increase of these enzymes five times or more than normal was not different significantly. The means of GGT and alkaline phospatase (AP) in extrahepatic groups were higher significantly than those in intrahepatic groups, and the increase of GGT more five times than normal was dilferent significantly as well. The means of total and conjugated bilirubin levels were higher in .extrahepatic group, but were not dilferent significantly.
Diagnosis and Management of Brain Tumors in Children Taslim S. Soetomenggolo; Hardiono Pusponegoro; Jimmy Passat; Dwi Putro Widodo; Sofyan Ismael
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.185-9

Abstract

Brain tumors are the second most common malignancy and the most common solid tumors found in childhood. During 11 months 19 patients with brain tumors were hospitalized at the Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusurno Hospital, Jakarta, 10 of them were males. The youngest patient was 5 months old and the oldest was 13 years old. The important signs and symptoms in establishing diagnosis were the non-localizing signs and symptoms, i.e., nausea and vomiting. The most frequent localizing signs and symptoms were papilledema, cranial nerves palsy, ataxia and incoordination, hemiparesis, visual disturbances, and optic atrophy. Focal seizures were rare. Most of the tumors were in infratentorial region, and metastatic tumors were rare. The mortality of this series was high due to the severity of the disease. The most frequent of tumors are astrocytomas and medulloblastomas.
Steatocrit Value in New-Born Babies Johnwan Usman; Irfan Abdullah; Muhazar Muhazar; Atan Baas Sinuhaji; A. H. Sutanto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.190-3

Abstract

A prospective study on steatocrit value in full-term or preterm newborn babies of~ 2 days of age in Dr. Pimgadi Hospital, Medan is reported. This study was conducted from December 7, 1992, to February 7, 1993; there were 72 newborn babies (37 males and 35 females). The body weight was> 2500 gin 60 babies and s. 2500 gin 12 babies. The median steatocrit value in babies with body weight of> 2500 g was 9%, and it was 32% in babies less than 2500 g of body weight. The proportion of babies with > 25% steatocrit value was larger in babies less than 2500 g than that in 2500 g by the diet patterns of breast milk, breast milk and milk formula, milk formula. The proportion of babies with < 25% steatocrit value was higher in babies with body weight of< 2500 g than that in babies > 2500 g for those who had either breast milk, breast milk and milk formula or milk formula. There was significant difference (p<0,05) in the steatocrit levels between babies with the body weight of > 2500 g and those who had body weight of ≤ 2500 g.
Mentally Subnormal Children: Probable Causes, Backgrounds, and Preventive Aspects Titi Sunarwati Sularyo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.194-9

Abstract

A prospective study on 71 students in a special school for mentally subnormal functioning children in Jakarta was reviewed by physical examination, psychometric evaluation interviews and home visits. In the majority (87.5%) the IQ ranged from 70 to 90 Units (Wechsler scale). Of the 71 children, 4 7 (65.6 %) had somatic or biomedical known factors as etiology, while the other 24 (34.4%) were probably of sociocultural origin. This was surprising, since although the children had mentally subnormal intellectual functioning, the biomedical factors still played a high toll for it. Sociocultural factors, found out on home visits, such as unfavorable reproductive pattern of mothers, maternal deprivation, unwanted pregnancies, overprotective attitude, broken homes etc. were identified. For prevention, strengthening of the MCH care and family planning will be of utmost importance.
Nocturnal Enuresis Arni Arni; Tri Budiati; Mahamah Mahamah; Hafiz Abubakar; Rafita Ramayati; Rusdi Djas
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.200-4

Abstract

From November 1, 1992, to February 1, 1993 a cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with nocturnal enuresis who attended to the Child Clinic of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, with the age ranging from 4 to 15 years. All patients were interviewed by using questionnaires, and the physical and laboratory examinations were done. Enuresis is defined as an involuntary urination and occurring repeatedly in children of> 4 years, with the minimum of 2 times/month and no indicators of organic disturbances. Of the 168 patients with the age of 4 to 15 years, 70 (41.6%) were found with nocturnal enuresis; 38 (54.2%) were males and 32 (45.8%) females. Most of the patients 33 patients (4 7.1 %) were found in the age group of 4-5 years. All parents of the patients suggested that their children had enuresis without familial complaints because they believe that it would stop gradually with the increases in age. No significant difference was found in the socio-economic status between the enuretic and non-enuretic children. The two groups showed no significant differences in growth and urinary tract infection was not noted.

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