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Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 24422606     EISSN : 2548611X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
JBBI, Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology & Bioscience, is published twice annually and provide scientific publication medium for researchers, engineers, practitioners, academicians, and observers in the field related to biotechnology and bioscience. This journal accepts original papers, review articles, case studies, and short communications. The articles published are peer-reviewed by no less than two referees and cover various biotechnology subjects related to the field of agriculture, industry, health, environment, as well as life sciences in general. Initiated at the then Biotech Centre, the journal is published by the Laboratory for Biotechnology, the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 542 Documents
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PENGARUH WADAH KULTUR DAN KONSENTRASI SUMBER KARBON PADA PERBANYAKAN KENTANG ATLANTIK SECARA IN VITRO Karyanti Karyanti; Yosua Glen Kristianto; Hayat Khairiyah; Linda Novita; Tati Sukarnih; Yayan Rudiyana; Dewi Yustika Sofia
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1054.703 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v5i2.3012

Abstract

The Effect of Culture Container and Carbon Source Concentration on In Vitro Shoot Propagation of Atlantic PotatoABSTRACTPotato is a food commodity that has the potential to support food diversification in Indonesia. There is an increasing demand for Atlantic potatoes as the raw material for processed potato products. The demand, which has not been met by the increased production, has been the cause of the ongoing potato import activities in Indonesia. The limitation of producing quality Atlantic potato seeds economically is one of the obstacles to increasing the production of Atlantic potatoes in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to study the effect of various table sugar concentrations as the carbon source and the type of the culture containers used for Atlantic potato shoot multiplication in vitro. The propagation was carried out in bioreactors and culture bottles with MS liquid medium + coconut water at a concentration of 150 mL/L medium, and 3 concentration levels of table sugar, namely 0; 7.5; and 15 g/L medium. The use of bioreactor significantly increased the height of the Atlantic potato plantlets. The use of bioreactor combined with table sugar addition decreased hyperhydricity level. The highest number of shoots, leaves, and roots were found at the table sugar concentration of 15 g/L medium in both containers.Keywords: bioreactor, micropropagation, shoot culture, Solanum tuberosum, sucrose ABSTRAKKentang merupakan komoditas pangan yang berpotensi mendukung program diversifikasi pangan di Indonesia. Peningkatan permintaan terhadap kentang Atlantik sebagai bahan baku kentang olahan yang tak diimbangi dengan peningkatan produksi kentang Atlantik menjadi penyebab masih berlangsungnya impor kentang Atlantik di Indonesia. Keterbatasan menghasilkan benih kentang Atlantik berkualitas yang ekonomis merupakan salah satu hambatan dalam meningkatkan produksi kentang Atlantik di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh variasi konsentrasi sukrosa teknis sebagai sumber karbon dan penggunaan jenis wadah terhadap perbanyakkan tunas kentang Atlantik secara in vitro. Perbanyakkan tunas kentang Atlantik menggunakan media MS cair + 150 mL/L air kelapa dalam wadah bioreaktor dan botol kultur dengan 3 taraf konsentrasi sukrosa, yaitu 0; 7,5; dan 15 g/L media. Penggunaan bioreaktor secara signifikan meningkatkan tinggi planlet kentang Atlantik yang dihasilkan. Penggunaan bioreaktor yang dikombinasikan dengan penambahan sukrosa teknis menurunkan tingkat hiperhidrisitas. Tunas, daun, dan akar terbanyak dihasilkan oleh perlakuan sukrosa teknis 15 g/L media dalam kedua jenis wadah.Kata Kunci: bioreaktor, kultur tunas, mikropropagasi, Solanum tuberosum, sukrosa
KERAGAMAN GENETIK 22 AKSESI PADI LOKAL TORAJA UTARA BERBASIS MARKA SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS (SSR) Holy Ekklesia Ladjao; Rinaldi Sjahril; Muh. Riadi
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3100.711 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v5i2.3031

Abstract

Genetic Diversity of 22 Local Rice Accessions from North Toraja Based on Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) MarkersABSTRACTOne way to explore the potential of local rice is by the characterization that could obtain genetic diversity of that plants. The aim of this study was to obtain the genetic diversity of 22 local rice accession from North Toraja. Twenty-two of local rice accessions from North Toraja were characterized by 30 SSR markers and using NTSYS pc 2.1 program to analyze genetic diversity. The results showed that twenty-six SSR markers that had been analyzed produced some alelles with a size between 106.75-311 bp, the average number of alleles were 3 and the polymorphism rate was 0.53. On coefficient genetic similarity at 0.38, the population formed three clusters. Cluster I and II were dominated by rice that had no hair on the tip of the grain and cluster III were dominated by rice that had hair on the tip of the grain. There were 105 opportunities to crossing between accessions when the genetic distance was above 0.7.Keywords: genetic diversity, local rice, North Toraja, polymorphism rate, SSR markers ABSTRAKSalah satu cara untuk menggali potensi padi lokal adalah dengan karakterisasi. Dengan adanya kegiatan karakterisasi tersebut maka dapat diketahui bagaimana keragaman genetik dari suatu tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik dari 22 aksesi padi lokal Toraja Utara. Duapuluh dua aksesi padi lokal Toraja Utara dikarakterisasi menggunakan 30 marka SSR dan dianalisis keragaman genetiknya menggunakan program NTSYS pc 2.1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa duapuluh enam marka SSR yang dianalisis memiliki kisaran ukuran alel antara 106.75-311 bp, dengan jumlah alel rata-rata 3 dan tingkat polimorfisme sebesar 0,53. Koefisien kemiripan genetik 0,38 dan terbentuk 3 klaster. Pada klaster I dan klaster II didominasi oleh padi yang tidak memiliki rambut pada ujung gabahnya, dan pada klaster III didominasi oleh padi yang memiliki rambut pada ujung gabahnya. Selain itu, pada jarak genetik diatas 0,7 terdapat 105 peluang persilangan.Kata Kunci: keragaman genetik, marka SSR, padi lokal, tingkat polimorfisme, Toraja Utara
PRODUKSI LIPASE DARI ISOLAT KAPANG HASIL MUTASI UNTUK TRANSESTERIFIKASI Galih Cendana Nabilasani; Trismilah Siswodarsono; Dadang Suhendar; Nisa Rachmania Mubarik
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (280.35 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i1.3047

Abstract

Lipase Production by Mutant Fungal Isolates for Transesterification ABSTRACTLipase is used amongst others in biodiesel production, namely in the transesterification reaction. Kernel B (KB) was a fungus isolated from the waste of palm kernel and seed. The fungus produced lipase that catalysed the transesterification reaction with a lower activity compared to that of AK Amano commercial lipase. The purpose of this study was to obtain mutant fungi with higher transesterification activities than the wild type (KB). The mutation process was carried out using ultraviolet (UV) light, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), and N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NMNG) on KB fungus. The mutations using UV light produced 11 isolates, of which isolate m4.1KB1 produced a higher transesterification activity (0.172 U·mg-1) compared to the wild type. Mutant m5.7KB, which was generated from mutant m4.1KB1 treated using EMS, had its transesterification activity decreased to only 0.051 U·mg-1. Mutant m6.0,3KB2, which was resulted through NMNG treatment, experienced an increase in transesterification activity which was 91.2% higher than that of KB.Keywords: ethyl methane sulfonate, lipase, mutant fungi, N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, ultraviolet ABSTRAKLipase dimanfaatkan salah satunya dalam produksi biodiesel, yaitu dalam reaksi transesterifikasi. Kernel B (KB) merupakan kapang yang diisolasi dari limbah inti dan biji kelapa sawit, yang menghasilkan lipase sebagai katalis dalam reaksi transesterifikasi. Namun aktivitas transesterifikasi yang dihasilkan oleh lipase dari KB lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan lipase komersial AK Amano. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan mutan kapang dengan aktivitas transesterifikasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tipe liarnya (KB). Proses mutasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan sinar ultraviolet (UV), ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), dan N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NMNG) terhadap kapang KB. Mutasi KB dengan menggunakan sinar UV menghasilkan 11 isolat, dimana isolat dengan kode m4.1KB1 menghasilkan aktivitas transesterifikasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tipe liar, yaitu 0,172 U·mg-1. Mutan m5.7KB, yang dihasilkan dari mutan m4.1KB1 dengan perlakuan EMS, mengalami penurunan aktivitas transesterifikasi hingga hanya sebesar 0,051 U·mg-1. Mutan m6.0,3KB2 hasil perlakuan NMNG mengalami peningkatan aktivitas transesterifikasi sebesar 91,2% lebih tinggi dari KB.Kata Kunci: ethyl methane sulfonate, kapang mutan, lipase, N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, ultraviolet
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS BIJI KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L) MELALUI FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN Lactobacillus sp. dan Pichia kudriavzevii Anja Meryandini; Asrianti Basri; Titi Candra Sunarti
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (848.014 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i1.3048

Abstract

The Improvement of Cacao Beans Quality through Fermentation by Using Lactobacillus sp. and Pichia kudriavzeviiABSTRACTIndonesia is one of the main cacao producers in the world. Indonesian cacao product is, however, relatively of low quality. Quality improvement of cacao beans is thus needed to increase added value of the product through such method as fermentation using bacteria and yeast. This study was conducted using four fermentation treatments, namely F1 (spontaneous fermentation without the addition of inoculum), F2 (addition of lactic acid bacteria inoculum), F3 (addition of yeast inoculum), F4 (addition of mixed lactic acid bacteria and yeast inoculum). The fermentation was carried out for 5 days. The parameters measured were the microbial cell number, pH, ethanol, total reducing sugar, and total acid concentration, as well as cacao seed quality. Results showed that, compared to the other treatments, the F4 treatment gave the best result, namely 83% of the cacao seeds being fermented, 2% non-fermented, 14% unfermented, 1% moldy, and 2% germinated. The liquid produced during the fermentation contained the highest reducing sugar of 123.38 mg·mL-1, the highest total acid of 24.42 mg·mL-1, and 3.57% ethanol.Keywords: cacao beans, fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, starter, yeast ABSTRAKIndonesia adalah salah satu penghasil kakao utama di dunia. Namun berdasarkan mutu, produk kakao Indonesia masih relatif tergolong rendah. Peningkatan kualitas biji kakao diperlukan untuk memberikan nilai tambah pada produk melalui metode seperti fermentasi menggunakan bakteri dan khamir. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan empat perlakuan fermentasi yaitu F1 (fermentasi secara spontan tanpa penambahan inokulum), F2 (dengan penambahan inokulum bakteri asam laktat (BAL)), F3 (dengan penambahan inokulum khamir), F4 (dengan penambahan inokulum campuran bakteri asam laktat dan khamir). Fermentasi dilakukan selama 5 hari, dan parameter yang diukur selama fermentasi adalah jumlah mikroba, pH, kadar etanol, gula pereduksi, total asam serta kualitas biji. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa, dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, perlakuan F4 memberikan hasil terbaik yaitu 83% biji terfermentasi, 2% tidak terfermentasi, 14% terfermentasi sebagian, 1% berjamur, dan 2% berkecambah. Cairan fermentasi tersebut mengandung gula reduksi yang paling tinggi 123,38 mg·mL-1, total asam tertinggi 24,42 mg·mL-1, dan kadar etanol mencapai 3,57%.Kata Kunci: bakteri asam laktat (BAL), biji kakao, fermentasi, khamir, starter
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KAPANG ENDOFIT Cb.Gm.B3 ASAL RANTING KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanni) Fauzy Rachman; Nisa Rachmania Mubarik; Partomuan Simanjuntak
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9174.357 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v5i2.3052

Abstract

Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Cb.Gm.B3 Extract from Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) TwigsABSTRACTThere are many degenerative diseases that are caused by a free radical effect. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) contains cinnamaldehyde compounds that have activity as a powerful antioxidant and fight free radicals. Endophytic fungi can be found in cinnamon plants living symbiotically. Endophytic fungi produce a variety of bioactive metabolites including antioxidants. This research was conducted to isolate endophytic fungi from C. burmanni plant which is active as antioxidant. Endophytic fungi isolation was carried out using surface sterilization method and cultivated in PDA media. Antioxidant activity test was performed using free radical 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Selected isolates were then identified molecularly to determine their species. A total of nine fungi were isolated from cinnamon twigs. The result showed that the highest antioxidant activity was obtained from Cb.Gm.B3 with IC50 of 13.219 ± 0.755 µg/mL. The selected isolate Cb.Gm.B3 taxonomically has a high similarity with Neofusicoccum parvum isolate PEL23 (Accession no: KY053054.1).Keywords: antioxidant, Cinnamomum burmanni, 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, endophytic fungi, Neofusicoccum parvum ABSTRAKKayu manis (Cinnamomum burmanni) mengandung senyawa sinamaldehid yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan kuat dan dapat menangkal radikal bebas. Dalam tanaman kayu manis terdapat kapang endofit yang hidup bersimbiosis. Kapang endofit dapat menghasilkan berbagai senyawa metabolit bioaktif termasuk antioksidan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisolasi kapang endofit dari tanaman C. burmanni yang aktif sebagai antioksidan. Isolasi kapang endofit dilakukan menggunakan metode sterilisasi permukaan dan ditanam pada media PDA. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas dengan reagen 2.2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Isolat terpilih diidentifikasi secara molekuler untuk menentukan spesiesnya. Sebanyak 9 isolat kapang berhasil diisolasi dari jaringan ranting tanaman kayu manis. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi (IC50) didapatkan dari isolat Cb.Gm.B3 sebesar 13,219 ± 0,755 µg/mL. Isolat terpilih Cb.Gm.B3 secara taksonomi memiliki tingkat kemiripan yang tinggi dengan Neofusicoccum parvum isolat PEL23 (No. aksesi: KY053054.1).Kata Kunci: antioksidan, Cinnamomum burmanni, 2.2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil, kapang endofit, Neofusicoccum parvum
KERAGAMAN UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) HASIL PERBANYAKAN IN VITRO BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN PENANDA ISSR Fajri Hartanti; Miftahudin Miftahudin; N Sri Hartati
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1494.884 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i2.3055

Abstract

Morphological and Molecular Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Resulted from In Vitro PropagationIn vitro propagation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on medium containing plant growth regulator (PGR) may induce morphological variation. This study aimed to analyze the morphological and genetic diversity of 13 genotypes of cassava resulted from in vitro propagation and stem cuttings based on 11 vegetative characters and 7 ISSR markers. Morphological and genetic characters were scored and used for clustering using NTSYS-pc 2.11a. Roti control and Adira 4 control genotypes that were in vitro propagated without PGR addition showed different morphological characters with Roti variant and FEC-25 genotypes that were in vitro propagated with the addition of PGR. Morphological and molecular characters of 13 genotypes showed high diversity. Clustering analysis based on morphological characters classified the in vitro propagated and control plants into four groups at 45.6% similarity. Clustering analysis based on molecular characters classified the plants into three groups at 66.0% similarity.Keywords: cassava; diversity; in vitro; ISSR; morphologyABSTRAKPerbanyakan tanaman ubi kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) secara in vitro menggunakan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) diyakini dapat menginduksi variasi morfologi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis keragaman morfologi dan molekuler dari 13 genotipe ubi kayu hasil perbanyakan in vitro dan perbanyakan dengan stek batang berdasarkan 11 karakter vegetatif dan 7 penanda ISSR. Karakter morfologi dan molekuler diskor untuk analisis kelompok menggunakan program NTSYS-pc 2.11a. Genotipe Roti kontrol dan Adira 4 kontrol yang merupakan hasil perbanyakan in vitro tanpa penambahan ZPT menunjukkan perbedaan variasi morfologi dengan genotipe Roti varian dan FEC-25 yang merupakan tanaman hasil perbanyakan dengan penambahan ZPT. Hasil analisis pada 13 genotipe menunjukkan adanya keragaman yang tinggi. Hasil analisis kelompok berdasarkan penanda morfologi memisahkan antara genotipe hasil perbanyakan secara in vitro yang ditambah ZPT dengan tanaman kontrolnya ke dalam 4 kelompok dengan nilai koefisen similaritas 45,6%. Hasil analisis kelompok berdasarkan penanda molekuler memisahkan antara genotipe hasil perbanyakan secara in vitro yang ditambah ZPT dengan tanaman kontrolnya ke dalam 3 kelompok dengan nilai koefisen similaritas 66,0%.
METODE EKSTRAKSI DNA TANAMAN TANPA PRESIPITASI ETANOL UNTUK KEGIATAN POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) Kristianto Nugroho; Rerenstradika Tizar Terryana; . Reflinur; Puji Lestari
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (196.537 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i1.3082

Abstract

A Simplified Plant DNA Extraction Protocol without Ethanol Precipitation for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Activities ABSTRACTMolecular-based research in agriculture includes DNA extraction stage involving DNA precipitation using ethanol or isopropanol which tends to take a long time. The purpose of this study was to obtain a plant DNA extraction method for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) activities without going through the ethanol precipitation stage. Five important agricultural commodity crops, namely rice, corn, soybeans, chilies, and shallots were extracted by DNA using the modified Doyle and Doyle method. After the extraction phase using chloroform and isoamil alcohol solvents, the supernatant obtained was not precipitated using ethanol but was directly diluted and used as a template in PCR activities using two pairs of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. The results showed that all samples could be well amplified, and amplicon tape visualized in both 1% agarose gel and 6% polyacrylamide gel were clearly visible. This method could save time and material, and reduce the dependence on liquid nitrogen. But this method is still limited to PCR requirements only, and cannot be used for activities that require high quality and quantity of DNA such as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), digestion, and hybridization.Keywords: DNA extraction, ethanol precipitation, liquid nitrogen, PCR, SSR,  ABSTRAKPenelitian berbasis molekuler pada bidang pertanian mencakup tahapan ekstraksi DNA yang melibatkan presipitasi DNA menggunakan etanol atau isopropanol yang cenderung memakan waktu lama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh metode ekstraksi DNA tanaman untuk kegiatan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tanpa melalui tahapan presipitasi etanol. Lima tanaman komoditas pertanian penting yaitu padi, jagung, kedelai, cabai, dan bawang merah diekstraksi DNA-nya menggunakan metode Doyle and Doyle yang dimodifikasi. Setelah tahap ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut kloroform dan isoamil alkohol, supernatan yang terbentuk tidak dipresipistasi menggunakan etanol melainkan langsung diencerkan dan digunakan sebagai template dalam kegiatan PCR menggunakan dua pasang marka Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel dapat teramplifikasi dengan baik serta pita hasil amplikon yang tervisualisasi baik pada gel agarosa 1% maupun gel poliakrilamid 6% terlihat jelas. Metode ini dapat menghemat waktu dan bahan serta mengurangi ketergantungan pemakaian nitrogen cair. Tetapi metode ini masih terbatas hanya untuk kebutuhan PCR saja dan tidak dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan yang membutuhkan DNA dengan kualitas serta kuantitas tinggi seperti Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), digesti, maupun hibridisasi.Kata Kunci: ekstraksi DNA, nitrogen cair, PCR, presipitasi etanol, SSR
IDENTIFIKASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI AMILOLITIK PADA UMBI Colocasia esculenta L. SECARA MORFOLOGI, BIOKIMIA, DAN MOLEKULER Destik Wulandari; Desi Purwaningsih
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (656.658 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i2.3084

Abstract

Morphological, Biochemical, and Molecular Identification and Characterization of Amylolytic Bacteria in Tubers of Colocasia esculentaTaro tuber (Colocasia esculenta L.) has a high starch content of 77.9% so that it can be used as a substrate from which to isolate amylolytic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to isolate amylolytic bacteria from taro tubers, and subsequently to identify as well as to characterize morphologically, biochemically and molecularly using the 16S rRNA technique. Isolation of amylolytic bacteria was carried out by growing bacterial colonies on starch agar media and then selecting those colonies that had clear zones. Bacteria that produced clear zones were then characterized and identified through Gram staining, spore staining, biochemical test, and 16S rRNA molecular test. Results showed that there were seven positive isolates of amylolytic bacteria namely ECE-1, ECE-2, ECE-3, ECE-4, ECE-5, ECE-6, and ECE-7 isolates. Five isolates were identified using 16S rRNA technique. Identification results showed that the seven isolates obtained were putatively identified as Pseudomonas knackmussii, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus altitudinis.Keywords: 16S rRNA analysis; amylase enzyme; amylolytic bacteria; amylum; taro tuberABSTRAKUmbi talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) mempunyai kandungan pati tinggi yakni sebesar 77,9% sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk mengisolasi bakteri amilolitik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi bakteri amilolitik dari umbi talas, dan kemudian mengidentifikasi serta mengkarakterisasi secara morfologi, biokimia dan molekuler menggunakan teknik 16S rRNA. Isolasi bakteri amilolitik dilakukan dengan cara menumbuhkan koloni bakteri pada media starch agar dan selanjutnya memilih koloni yang mempunyai zona bening. Bakteri yang menghasilkan zona bening kemudian dikarakterisasi dan diidentifikasi menggunakan metode pewarnaan Gram, pewarnaan spora, uji biokimia, dan uji molekuler 16S rRNA. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat tujuh isolat positif bakteri amilolitik yakni isolat ECE-1, ECE-2, ECE-3, ECE-4, ECE-5, ECE-6, dan ECE-7. Lima isolat diidentifikasi dengan teknik 16S rRNA. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketujuh isolat tersebut masing-masing secara berurutan diduga teridentifikasi sebagai Pseudomonas knackmussii, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus subtilis, dan Bacillus altitudinis.
DAMPAK TEKNIK PENGIRISAN DAN PENCETAKAN TERHADAP DAYA APUNG PAKAN IKAN YANG DIFERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN Rhizopus sp. Lulu Suliswati; Catur Sriherwanto; Imam Suja'i
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v5i2.3096

Abstract

Impact of Slicing and Moulding Techniques on the Floatability of the Fish Feed Fermented by Rhizopus sp.ABSTRACTThe use of Rhizopus sp. mycelium as biocoating, biostabilizing, and biofloating agent in the production of floating fish feed through solid fermentation had already been studied as a much simpler alternative to mechanical extrusion. The fermented fish feed, however, had poor floatability in aerated water, probably due to structural damage during the size reduction process of the feed. Thus, this study used alternative size-reducing methods, namely slicing and moulding, to improve the floatability of the fermented feed. Other physical characteristics were also measured and compared to those of commercial sinking and floating fish feeds. Results showed that both the moulded and the sliced fermented-feeds had lower density as well as higher water stability, absorption capacity, floatability, and durability compared to those of the commercial sinking feed used as the fermentation substrate. The hydrophobicity of all the feeds tested were similar, however. The floatability of the fermented feeds obtained in this study was much higher than those of the previous studies. Keywords: floatability, floating feed, sinking feed, water absorption, water stabilityABSTRAKPenggunaan miselium Rhizopus sp. sebagai pelapis permukaan, penstabil, dan pengapung hayati dalam pembuatan pakan ikan apung melalui fermentasi padat telah diteliti sebagai alternatif yang jauh lebih sederhana dibandingkan dengan metode ekstrusi mesin. Namun, pakan ikan fermentasi ini memiliki daya apung yang buruk dalam air bergelembung udara, yang mungkin disebabkan kerusakan struktural selama proses pengecilan ukuran pakan. Karenanya, penelitian ini menggunakan metode lain untuk mengecilkan ukuran, yakni pencetakan dan pengirisan, dalam rangka meningkatkan daya apung pakan yang difermentasi. Karakteristik fisik lainnya juga diukur dan dibandingkan dengan pakan ikan tenggelam dan terapung komersial. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proses fermentasi serta metode pengecilan dimensi yang digunakan menghasilkan pakan yang memiliki massa jenis lebih rendah, serta stabilitas air, daya serap air, daya apung, serta ketahanan benturan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pakan tenggelam komersial yang digunakan sebagai substrat fermentasi. Namun, nilai hidrofobisitas semua pakan yang diuji adalah sama. Daya apung pakan fermentasi dalam penelitian ini jauh lebih tinggi daripada penelitian sebelumnya.Kata Kunci: daya apung, daya serap air, stabilitas dalam air, pakan apung, pakan tenggelam
IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PATOGEN PENYEBAB PENYAKIT PURPLE SYNDROME PADA KARANG FUNGIA DI PULAU HARI SULAWESI TENGGARA Ratna Diyah Palupi; Baru Sadarun; Paiga Hanurin Sawonua
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1443.583 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i2.3116

Abstract

IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PATOGEN PENYEBAB PENYAKIT PURPLE SYNDROME PADA KARANG FUNGIA DI PULAU HARI SULAWESI TENGGARA Nowadays coral disease is one of the causes of damage to coral reefs in Indonesia. Causative agents were found for some types of coral disease. This study aims to identify the type of pathogenic bacteria that cause purple syndrome which attacks Fungia corals. The study was conducted using descriptive exploratory methods. Corals infected with purple syndrome were collected on Pulau Hari, Southeast Sulawesi, through scuba diving. Then, microbiological analysis was carried out which included isolation using the scatter method, purification using a scratch method, a challenge test (antagonistic), a Koch Postulate test, and DNA analysis of putative bacterial isolates. Results showed that 5 bacterial isolates lived in symbiosis with the corals infected with purple syndrome (PSMH1, PSMH2, PSMH3, PSMH4, and PSMH5). Based on the Koch postulate test, 2 bacterial isolates which were pathogenic were obtained, namely PSHM2 and PSHM4 isolates. These bacteria infected the test corals with the characteristics of coral skeleton damage and coral bleaching (dead). Based on biomolecular testing, the two isolates were members of Enterobacter cloacae with a 99% similarity level.Keywords: Coral disease; Enterobacter cloacae; Fungia coral; Hari island; Purple syndromeABSTRAKSaat ini penyakit karang menjadi salah satu penyebab kerusakan terumbu karang di Indonesia. Penyebab pembawa untuk beberapa jenis penyakit karang sudah ditemukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis bakteri patogen penyebab penyakit purple syndrome yang menyerang karang Fungia. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Sampel karang yang terinfeksi purple syndrome diambil di Pulau Hari, Sulawesi Tenggara, melalui scuba diving. Selanjutnya, analisis mikrobiologi dilakukan yang meliputi isolasi menggunakan metode sebar, purifikasi menggunakan metode gores, uji tantang (antagonistik), uji Postulat Koch, dan analisa DNA isolat bakteri yang diduga bersifat patogen. Hasil penelitian menemukan 5 isolat bakteri yang bersimbiosis dengan karang yang terinfeksi penyakit purple syndrome (PSMH1, PSMH2, PSMH3, PSMH4, dan PSMH5). Berdasarkan uji postulat Koch, 2 isolat bakteri yang bersifat patogen didapatkan, yaitu isolat PSHM2 dan PSHM4. Bakteri tersebut menginfeksi karang uji dengan ciri kerusakan skeleton karang dan pemutihan karang (mati). Berdasarkan uji biomolekuler kedua isolat tersebut merupakan anggota Enterobacter cloacae dengan tingkat kemiripan 99%.

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