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INDONESIA
Ius Humani. Law Journal
Published by Universidad de Los Hemisferios
ISSN : 1390440X     EISSN : 13907794     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Ius Humani Law Journal is a platform (iushumani.org) open to researchers around the world. It contains articles in all languages, where writers publish original studies on persons rights (natural, human or constitutional) and about the effective procedures for the protection of rights. The studies are viewed both form the philosophical perspective and the perspective of the fundamental juridical principles. Ius Humani’s purpose is the diffusion of knowledge, and the promotion of debate on different juridical perspectives.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 225 Documents
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Conducir los asuntos de otras personas sin un poder en una pandemia: Ucrania y Polonia Piotr Mysiak; Volodymyr Zubar; Dmytro Pestruiev
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.245

Abstract

The Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic has caused changes in all areas of human life. The field of law is no exception to this list. In particular, the issues of conducting other people’s affairs without a power of attorney have become especially relevant, as social distancing and restrictions on social activity have led to a significant increase in the practical need for the application of this legal institution. The significance of this study is also important in connection with the comparative analysis of the normative aspect and the practical measurement of the application of the institute of conducting other people’s affairs without a power of attorney in Ukraine and Poland. These two countries are comparable in territory, number of citizens, legal tradition, but Poland has become member of the European Union, while Ukraine has remained on the sidelines of European civilization. The dialectical method, the method of comparative analysis and system analysis were chosen as the methodological basis of the research. The authors of the article concluded that institute of conducting other people’s affairs without a power of attorney is characterized by an increased level of social utility. In such cases, the one who protects the interests of others without a power of attorney, as a rule, acts not only in the interests of the individual but also in the interests of the society. Thus, it helps to protect single people, the elderly ones, disabled individuals and other groups which are socially unprotected and thus prevent the pandemic spread.
Covid-19: Pandemia de violencia doméstica Tatiana Stoianova; Liudmyla Ostrovska; Grygorii Tripulskyir
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.246

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of domestic violence in the context of Covid-19. The research is carried out for the first time in the focus of several sciences: psychology, sociology, and jurisprudence. To study the legal regulation of domestic violence, knowledge from different branches of law was used: international, criminal, administrative, and civil procedural law. Attention was paid to the historical retrospective—how the concept of domestic violence first appeared at the world level, and how it was differentiated and implemented in the national legislation of the participating countries. The problems of signing the Istanbul Agreement are highlighted. Special attention was paid to the current wave of domestic violence as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The prerequisites of a general psychological, social, and economic nature, their interdependence, and connection with the pandemic were investigated. The scale of the scourge of domestic violence in the context of a pandemic in different countries is indicated, and its short-term and long-term consequences for the well-being of the nation. The specific mechanisms for preventing family violence at three levels are considered: general criminogenic, a comprehensive mechanism for preventing violence at the level of interaction between the state and public organizations, and directly special means. The study concludes that Covid-19 pandemic has a direct impact on the exacerbation of domestic violence. The solutions are proposed, from legislative amendments to the redistribution of state and public forces to address the problem of domestic violence.
Responsabilidad por violación de cuarentena: novedades de la legislación administrativa y penal Sergii Starodubov; Viktoriia Vladyshevska; Maryna Pyzhova
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.247

Abstract

Public legislation has long failed to meet such large-scale challenges as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In emergencies, to protect the lives and health of the population, it is necessary to promptly make decisions on the legal regulation of public relations that have developed due to the spread of Covid-19. For this purpose, the state has created legal mechanisms that are designed to ensure compliance with the rule of law and which need the scientific-legal assessment. The objective of the work is to analyze the novelties of administrative and criminal legislation, which regulate the liability for violation of quarantine. The object of research is the norms of administrative and criminal law. The subject of the study is public relations that have developed as a result of the introduction of quarantine and which are governed by administrative and criminal law. To achieve this goal, the situation in foreign countries was firstly analyzed; general patterns were identified; alternative solutions were proposed, with a minimum restriction of human rights and freedoms. Then, the novelties of the national legislation were studied in more detail; additional specific problems were identified; and a more balanced legislative policy was proposed. As a result of the study, the current state of legal regulation in the areas of administrative and criminal law related to quarantine violations was analyzed; the liability for such offenses was characterized; some conclusions regarding the existing related problems were made and options for their solution were proposed, as well as propositions for modernization of legislation were made.
Derecho de contratos y excepcionalidad: reaparición de instituciones y retorno a los principios en contexto de Covid-19 Edison Calahorrano Latorre
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.231

Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on Contract Law, specifically objective non-compliance and contractual remedies in the context of exceptionality. This study is dogmatic using analytical and comparative methods. The starting point is to verify whether the Covid-19 pandemic constitutes an act of God, by analyzing whether this phenomenon and its consequences meet the requirements of externality, unpredictability and irresistibility. From this response, contractual remedies are explored, such as rebus sic stantibus or the frustration of purpose of contract, its relationship with the principle of Contract Law pacta sunt servanda, and how they have been evoked in the legislation issued in exceptionality, for which a comparative analysis of the regulation of the leasing contract is developed. The nature of the principles as sources of law and their application in private law is then analyzed. Finally, it is concluded that contract law in exceptionality resorts to principles, understood as the rationalization of the rules, which allows for flexibility in the search for solutions to complexity.
Features of Inheritance of Cryptocurrency Assets Oleksandr Omelchuk; Inna Iliopol; Snizhanna Alina
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 10 No 1 (2021): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v10i1.233

Abstract

The article analyzes the legal nature and specific of legal regulation of cryptocurrency in order to reveal the features of inheritance of cryptocurrency assets. The article aims to reveal whether it is possible to inherit cryptocurrency in terms of the existent legislation and if so, what kind of peculiarities of cryptocurrency should be considered. The financial and legal nature of cryptocurrency are described in the article. The main differences between cryptocurrency and traditional electronic money are revealed. The current legislation of Ukraine and some European countries on cryptocurrency legal status is analyzed. It is stated, that in most countries of the world, cryptocurrency is not considered to be money or currency, but rather a kind of property. It is noted, that while solving the issue of inclusion of cryptocurrency assets in the legacy, it is necessary to take into account the functional features of cryptocurrencies in general and the specifics of a particular type of cryptocurrency. Most of the benefits of cryptocurrencies for their owner (such as anonymous character) are obstacles to their inheritance according to the procedures provided by applicable law. The classification of the methods of inheritance of cryptocurrency assets is made in the article. The differences in the inheritance of cryptocurrency and tokens are revealed.
Servants or Masters? Linguistic Aids in Legal Interpretation Paulina Konca
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 10 No 1 (2021): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v10i1.237

Abstract

This paper presents the role of some intrinsic sources in legal interpretation. Some of linguistic aids follow from provisions of the law and other from the commonly accepted ruling practice or views expressed in literature. The position of those aids was verified through the analysis of case-law, literature, and provisions of law. The first section and second section focus on the priority of plain meaning rule and intrinsic sources in legal interpretation which is strongly emphasized in legal literature, case-law and the interpretative provisions of many countries. Next, it presents how certain linguistic tools work in case law practice, what problems they can cause and what problems they can solve. The third point addresses the use of dictionaries as tools of linguistic interpretation. The fourth section explores the role of selected interpretative canons often found in legal regulations and case law practice: ordinary meaning canon, gender/number canon, ejusdem generis canon, presumption of consistent usage and prefatory-materials canon. It is concluded that the priority of a linguistic interpretation is not absolute and can never be understood as its exclusivity. Linguistic tools are not in themselves determinants of correct meaning. In order to make a correct interpretation, it is necessary not to be guided, by indications labelled as objective, sometimes artificially imposed, but by the intention of the legislator, which such tools may discover and should only be used for that purpose.
Jurisdictional Issues in the Digital Age Yulia Razmetaeva; Hanna Ponomarova; Iryna Bylya-Sabadash
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 10 No 1 (2021): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v10i1.240

Abstract

The article addresses some aspects of the key challenges for legal reality and legal systems in the digital age with a focus on jurisdictional issues in special attention to cyberspace, given its independent value and self-regulatory nature. The article suggests that regarding issues through the prism of a universal human rights approach could be a pillar for resolving existing and potential digital conflicts, prevent cybercrimes. The general legal framework in light of this approach is proposed here. The article discusses scenarios for solving jurisdictional problems: (i) global—focuses on the idea that a single worldwide legal framework and a universal regulation mechanism are possible; (ii) fragmented—partly considers the possibility of a single legal framework (or a set of agreements) and rely mainly on regional mechanisms; and (iii) national—each legal system is capable of providing and effective response to the threats of the digital age and aligns its legislation and judicial practice with the latter. Finally, it is suggested to focus on the prevention and mitigation of negative consequences of the activities of all subjects of law.
Covid-19 2.0. Derecho internacional y protección del derecho a la salud en el ciberespacio: una visión desde Ecuador Martín Tamayo Serrano; Víctor Calderón Merino
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.250

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to explore the opportunity offered by the Covid-19 crisis in Ecuador to interpret international human rights law and international humanitarian law to protect the right to health, and also health-care systems in cyberspace. Through a descriptive methodology that allows a comprehensive analysis of the issue from a legal point of view, this article: synthesizes the main international debates on the scope of the protection of the right to health under the international human rights law against cyber threats; studies the protection that international humanitarian law provides to citizens and health-care systems; and examines Ecuador’s situation, as a country facing several challenges in the application of the necessary policies to ensure the protection of the right to health and health-care systems. The article concludes that the legal developments in both sectors have not managed to establish means of protection which are acceptable and effective, with clear obligations for States in cyberspace to protect individuals and health-care systems. Additionally, it argues that the gaps in international law regarding the protection of health in cyberspace are exacerbated in Ecuador by a discursive dissonance between foreign and domestic policy, with an impact on the protection of the right to health.
Características de los procesos penales (investigación previa al juicio y juicio) en el momento de la pandemia covid-19 Larysa Bielik; Olena Samoilenko; Hanna Mudretska; Tetiana Voloshanivska; Kateryna Titunina
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.251

Abstract

The work is devoted to the main problems and features that have emerged in the field of criminal justice (pre-trial investigation and trial) in a pandemic. The relevance of this article is that criminal justice, like other areas of human activity, has been affected after the spread of Covid-19 and its recognition as a pandemic. The introduction of quarantine was accompanied by some problematic issues, including uncertainty in the work of the judiciary and law enforcement agencies, lack of a unified approach to court schedules, and the conduct of certain investigative actions. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the peculiarities of criminal proceedings in a pandemic. An explorative and collative methodology (that considers the comparative law) was used. The proposals have been made to address the problems that arise during the pre-trial investigation and criminal proceedings in a pandemic, in particular: the need to allow videoconferencing in criminal proceedings out of court; a list of programs for video communication have been defined; to provide adequate funding for technical re-equipment; to suspend the terms of criminal proceedings, and; to prevent in the future the situation of cancellation of previously adopted decisions on the strengthening of criminal liability for intentional infection.
La pandemia del Covid-19 y los derechos de la persona en términos de derecho público y privado Evgen Kharytonov; Olena Kharytonova; Denis Kolodin; Maxym Tkalych
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.253

Abstract

The principles of adjusting the regulation of civil relations in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic are analyzed. The admissibility of restricting human rights in the context of the conflict of private and public interests are researched. Besides, the authors tried to determine the optimal algorithm of government actions aimed at preventing the spread of the epidemic. The main approach to the understanding of human rights in the article is based on Dworkin's concept of “rights as trumps”. A system of such categories as “a man”, “a private person”, “natural private rights”, “private law” and “national civil law” is analyzed. The conclusion is that the importance of the category of “natural” human rights is underestimated, which exacerbates the problem of ensuring human rights in a pandemic, when the state actively uses public law to cope with the crisis. As a result, there is a conflict of basic principles of private and public law: “everything is allowed except what is prohibited by law” vs. “only what is allowed by law is possible”. It is proposed to assume that the usual way of the legal existence of a person is that he/she acts as a participant in civil relations of a private type, even in a pandemic. Private relations, which arise during the quarantine period, are proposed to be regulated mainly by private law methods, limiting the influence of the state. This will allow us to reach a compromise of private and public interests, without restricting the rights of individuals voluntarily.

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