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Ius Humani. Law Journal

iushumani
Website

Published by Universidad de Los Hemisferios

ISSN : 1390440X EISSN : 13907794 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Social,

Arts Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

Ius Humani Law Journal is a platform (iushumani.org) open to researchers around the world. It contains articles in all languages, where writers publish original studies on persons rights (natural, human or constitutional) and about the effective procedures for the protection of rights. The studies are viewed both form the philosophical perspective and the perspective of the fundamental juridical principles. Ius Humaniâ€™s purpose is the diffusion of knowledge, and the promotion of debate on different juridical perspectives.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 225 Documents

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El delito de desaparición forzada de personas en América Latina Isaac Marcelo Basaure Miranda
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

The objective of this paper is to determine the origin of the crime of forced disappearance of people in Latin America. The methodology used to carry out the research consisted in the normative, historical and jurisprudential analysis that exists internationally in the subject under study, using the analytical theoretical method. The structure of the article begins with a review of the historical evolution that said criminal behavior has had in the region. Then the most relevant precedents of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the matter are examined, in order to identify their main interpretative standards; as well as its reception in the Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons, and in the main international treaties and declarations on Human Rights. The essay concludes with a study of the recent impact of the judgments of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the Forced Disappearance of Persons. Finally, we conclude that the aforementioned crime began to be practiced in Guatemala, in 1966, and, from there, to expand to the rest of Latin America.

Portada, índice y políticas Administrador -
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (258.441 KB)

¿Es eficiente el actual sistema procesal penal de Irán? Mehdi Fazli; Jalaleddin Ghiasi; Mohammad Khalil Salehi
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

This paper is a study about the efficiency of the criminal system designed in the new Criminal Procedure Code of Iran, that came into effect on June 22, 2015. Notwithstanding the notable legislator’s efforts, infrastructural and structural reforms have not been carried out. Accordingly, it is not expected to be as efficient as the previous laws due to the lack of fundamental reforms; reforms caused the improvement in “low-level efficiency” (saving resources in the economic sense) rather than in the “high-level” one (saving resources plus developing more justice). The analysis of the efficiency of the Code and proposal of fundamental reforms for having a high-level efficient Criminal Law in Iran are the main objectives of this paper. After an introduction (Chapters I and II), we made a historical approach of the Iranian system in this matter (Chapter III). Then, we analyze three types of efficiency (Chapter IV), attending to some infrastructural elements, some structural factors and other procedural aspects. At last, we synthetize four conclusions (Chapter V). Main conclusion is that efficiency in the system of criminal procedure would be only on low-level.

Ius Resistendi: Derechos de participación, garantismo, resistencia y represión a partir de las definiciones de Juan Larrea Holguín Gabriel Hidalgo Andrade
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 7 (2018)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Constitutions establish the framework of formal and informal institutions of democracy. The political parties, recognized by law, that obtain the government and those that remain in the opposition, through universal and direct elections, with pre-established procedures for the adoption of political decisions, obtain and preserve the monopoly of the formal democratic representation. This means that government, justice, legislation and power come from formal institutions. But what happens when rebellion, in the form of the right of resistance, is justified within the framework of positive law and of the formal institutions themselves? How does the exercise of the right of resistance become a moral and civic obligation to resist the same unjust law through the constitutionalized forms of the always possible political totalitarianism? This work, developed from an interdisciplinary epistemological approach between constitutional law and political science, raises the right of resistance as a right-guarantee, prior and superior to the constitutional state, due to its origin in natural law, but which is enabled in an extreme circumstance, when the pillars of the modern state have collapsed and in a borderline situation of positive law. This work is divided into three parts: The first one, defines the conceptual framework on the current debate on the subject. The second part discusses the structural elements of power and law. The last part is about the conceptual limits in the legal typicity of the resistance action.

Ecuadorian Legal Regime of Foster Care: Advances and Lagoons Juan Andrés Jaramillo Valdivieso; Jorge Alberto Maldonado
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 8 (2019)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Es imperiosa la necesidad de inserción en hogares adecuados de aquellos niños que se hallan en centros de acogida o en situación riesgosa en sus hogares, con el fin de precautelar la integridad de aquellos y su correcto desarrollo. Esta decisión de acogimiento reviste una gran importancia en la vida del menor que claramente afectará a su desarrollo de una manera positiva o negativa. Por ello, el presente trabajo tiene por objeto analizar la medida del Acogimiento Familiar de niños o adolescentes desde un punto de vista doctrinario y legislativo, así como su aplicación en el Ecuador. Para ello se usó metodología cualitativa con método de investigación analítico sintético. La estructura del artículo, luego de la introducción, inicia con la conceptualización del acogimiento familiar, resaltando sus características, finalidad así al menor de edad que es sujeto de esta medida; luego se examina las modalidades de acogimiento familiar haciendo énfasis en aquel que se lo realiza en familia extensa; luego se analizan las condiciones requeridas, para finalizar los derechos y responsabilidades del menor acogido. El trabajo concluye, principalmente, que a pesar del desconocimiento aún existente en nuestro país sobre esta medida, el acogimiento familiar aplicado correctamente beneficiará a un sinnúmero de menores que se encuentran en riesgo precautelando su integridad física y mental.

La tolerancia en el contexto del interculturalismo José Antonio Santos Arnaiz
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 8 (2019)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

From the perspective of interculturalism, this paper analyzes the importance of the authentic tolerance as a necessary element for a better integration of minorities in the context of postliberal states. Tolerance is understood as an unavoidable requirement for an authentic development of an open society, linked to a concept of freedom that advocates an understanding on an equal footing between different cultures including minority ones. The methodology consists in developing the concept of tolerance in relation to minorities using multidisciplinary references. The article has been divided into four sections: In the first section, it analyzes the context of tolerance from the perspective of interculturalism. The second section explains the authentic tolerance as an element for the integration of minorities in open societies. The third section tries to offer answers to the tolerance-freedom pairing. Finally, the fourth section draws some conclusions.

Institutional Framework: Intellectual Property and the Impact on Import and Export Operations in Ecuador Paulina Valle Segura; Rubén Méndez Reátegui
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 8 (2019)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

El artículo introduce una revisión a partir del análisis económico del derecho. En ese sentido, analiza la aplicación de medidas en frontera en términos de “el derecho y sus consecuencias”. Este mecanismo de precaución aplicado por las aduanas en los límites aéreos, marítimos y terrestres prevén la suspensión del despacho de aduanas de las mercancías que puedan infringir. Recurre por lo tanto al método teórico-descriptivo para efectuar una descripción consistente en un contexto donde existen amplios incentivos perversos para la importación y/o exportación de copias no autorizadas. La primera sección se enfoca en la facilitación contra el reglamento y el control aduanero del comercio. A continuación, la segunda parte aborda la relevancia del control aduanero de bienes de importación y exportación en ecuador. La tercera explora la trascendencia de las medidas en frontera (ámbito penal y competencia desleal). La cuarta sección considera en un sentido teórico el impacto en los costos de transacción en las operaciones de importación y exportación. Finalmente, el documento desarrolla una comparación entre normas y procedimientos nacionales con el tipo de solicitud de medida de frontera realizada por otros países de la comunidad andina de naciones unidas. Se concluye que la adopción del mecanismo puede generar altos costos administrativos y de transacción en las operaciones de importación y exportación, debido a la ausencia de reglas del juego y procedimientos automatizados más eficientes y bajo un esquema de mejora continua.

The Right to Life and Health of Abandoned Neonates in Ecuador Jorge Luis Cueva Flores; Carmen Avelina Eguiguren Eguiguren
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 8 (2019)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

El abandono de recién nacidos es una problemática a nivel mundial que debería provocar reflexión social y jurídica, a fin de obtener la protección del neonato. Ecuador no es una excepción y anualmente se reportan abandonos de neonatos en condiciones alarmantes. La metodología usada consiste en un análisis sobre la vulnerabilidad de neonatos abandonados basado en casos reales, donde se observa la experiencia de los buzones estatales para su acogida. Tal problemática se analiza en el siguiente orden: Después de una breve la introducción, se aborda teóricamente el derecho a la vida y al cuidado frente al abandono de neonatos. En el siguiente capítulo se trata de las obligaciones legales e institucionales estatales con respecto al niño. A continuación se tratan sobre el acogimiento institucional estatal, sobre la viabilidad jurídica de establecer buzones para entregar bebés en Ecuador en condiciones seguras, y terminamos con una conclusiones sintéticas. El estudio exploratorio busca definir cuán viable es replicar en el Ecuador el proyecto de buzones estatales para entregar bebés en condiciones seguras, a fin de proteger la vida e integridad del niño, en cuanto son constitucionalmente protegidos. Para ello, resulta necesario la despenalización del abandono de neonatos en condiciones seguras.

Confluencias de la doctrina jurídica de la Corte Constitucional ecuatoriana 2008-2018: Análisis de redes Efrén Ernesto Guerrero Salgado; Jefferson Macías Quisaguano
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 8 (2019)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the patterns of interaction of the doctrine in the jurisprudence of the Ecuadorian Constitutional Court 2008-2018 using the methodology of social network analysis. The doctrine is the set of studies, criticism and analysis of a scientific nature carried out by jurists regarding the Law. In that order of things, the role of “what is read and cited” is vital to understand the epistemological context used in the interpretation of Law, especially scenarios in which constitutional canonical texts can be a value-centered interpretation. In this text, a review was carried out through the methodology of social network analysis, identifying central authors and accelerators of the flow of information, in order to find if there is a common “line of knowledge” used by the Ecuadorian Constitutional Court. It is concluded that a) there is a network of authors in the judgments of the Constitutional Court between the years 2008-2018; b) preponderance of certain main doctrinaires; and, c) a well-connected network of sentences that use doctrine as a tool to proceed, or to improve the quality of the obiter dicta, an element that constitutes a new space for legal analysis and monitoring of the decisions of the High Courts.

La libertad religiosa en Estados Unidos: Una perspectiva internacional John Witte, Jr.
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 8 (2019)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

This Article compares United States religious freedom jurisprudence with prevailing international human rights norms. I distill these international religious freedom norms and evaluate how selected US Supreme Court cases both follow and depart from these norms. Part I identifies six principles of religious freedom defended by the American framers who crafted the First Amendment in 1791: liberty of conscience; free exercise of religion; religious pluralism; religious equality; separation of church and state; and no establishment of religion. Part II summarizes the mostly parallel norms of religious freedom in the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the 1981 UN Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, and the 1989 Vienna Concluding Document. Part III shows how the US Court’s cases on freedom of conscience, free exercise, and religious equality compare favorably to international standards, although some religious minorities have often not fared well. Some of the Court’s cases defending the principle of separation of church and state mesh well with international concerns for religious autonomy. But the Court’s establishment clause cases have gone well beyond international norms in expunging religion from public schools and removing state aid for religious groups and services. The Article concludes that religious freedom remains a strong constitutional value in American law and culture, but it needs to be better integrated; international religious freedom norms offer valuable lessons to that end.

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