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INDONESIA
Health Notions
ISSN : 25804936     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
"Health Notions" is a media for the publication of articles on research and review of the literature. We accept articles in the areas of health science and practice such as public health, medicine, pharmaceutical, environmental health, nursing, midwifery, nutrition, health technology, clinical laboratories, health education, and health popular.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 3 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 3 (2026): March" : 3 Documents clear
Ensuring Validity in Health Research: The Critical Role of Methodological Reporting in Minimizing Bias Nugroho, Heru Santoso Wahito
Health Notions Vol 10, No 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

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Abstract

The validity of health research is shaped not only by the appropriateness of its design, but also by how carefully potential sources of bias are identified, minimized, and transparently reported. Bias—defined as a systematic error that distorts the estimation of relationships or effects—can emerge at any stage of the research process, including sampling, measurement, and data analysis. When the efforts to control bias are insufficiently described, readers are left with uncertainty regarding the credibility and reliability of the findings. This editorial emphasizes the importance of writing research methods that clearly and convincingly demonstrate strategies to minimize bias. A method can be considered methodologically sound when it not only applies appropriate techniques but also explicitly communicates how potential biases were anticipated and addressed. This paper discusses the main types of bias that commonly affect health research, explains why minimizing bias is essential for scientific validity and evidence-based decision-making, and outlines practical strategies for presenting bias-control efforts in a structured and transparent manner. Authors are encouraged to adopt a deliberate and systematic approach when reporting their methods, ensuring that readers can critically appraise the extent to which bias has been minimized. Ultimately, transparent reporting of bias-reduction strategies enhances the trustworthiness, interpretability, and overall impact of research evidence in healthcare.Keywords: bias minimization; health research methodology; internal validity; methodological transparency; scientific rigor; reporting quality
The Role of Maternal Clean and healthy living behavior in Preventing Stunting Among Toddlers Widyaningsih, Tri Sakti; Wulandari, Novita Kurnia; Kanita, Maria Wisnu
Health Notions Vol 10, No 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn100302

Abstract

The causes of growth retardation are multifactorial and include family factors, maternal health, and nutritional status. Maternal knowledge of nutrition, childcare practices, and educational level are key determinants of child development. Poor maternal health and nutritional status increase the risk of developmental delays in children. Chronic malnutrition may lead to stunting, which can negatively affect long-term child development. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal clean and healthy living behavior and the incidence of stunting among toddlers in Banyuanyar Village. This study employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 56 mothers with toddlers, and total sampling was applied. Maternal clean and healthy living behavior was assessed using a questionnaire developed by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Stunting was measured using anthropometric observations based on height-for-age (H/A) indicators. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The Chi-square analysis yielded a p-value of 0.000, indicating a statistically significant relationship between maternal clean and healthy living behavior and stunting among toddlers in Banyuanyar Village. In conclusion, maternal clean and healthy living behavior is an important factor in supporting toddler health and preventing stunting. Consistent implementation of hygiene, sanitation, and proper childcare practices can help reduce the risk of growth disorders. Strengthening clean and healthy living behavior through continuous education and community-based interventions is essential to promote optimal child growth and development.Keywords: maternal; clean and healthy living behavior; stunting; toddler
The Relationship Between Screen Time Duration And Speech Delay In Children Aged 0-6 Years In Malang City Safira, Safira; Sanjaya, Ayling; Santoso, Anna Lewi
Health Notions Vol 10, No 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

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Abstract

Excessive screen time in early childhood can affect various aspects of development, including speech abilities. This study aims to determine the relationship between screen time duration and the occurrence of speech delay in children aged 0–6 years in Malang City. A case–control design was used with a total of 60 children, consisting of 30 children with speech delay and 30 children with normal speech development. Data were collected using a questionnaire measuring daily screen time duration and the Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire (KPSP) to assess developmental status. Statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship between screen time duration and speech delay (p = 0.000). The findings indicate that children exposed to screen time for more than one hour per day have a higher risk of experiencing speech delay compared to those with limited exposure. These results highlight the important role of parents in supervising and limiting the use of digital media. By reducing screen time and increasing direct interaction, children’s speech and language development can be better supported. This study concludes that managing screen time is a crucial step in preventing speech delay in early childhood

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