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INDONESIA
Emerging Science Journal
Published by Ital Publication
ISSN : 26109182     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 874 Documents
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Enhancing the Approach to Forecasting the Dynamics of Socio-Economic Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic Sergey A. Pobyvaev; Vladimir V. Eremin; Tural S. Gaibov; Evgeny V. Zolotarev
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6 (2022): Special Issue "COVID-19: Emerging Research"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2022-SPER-08

Abstract

This study reveals the approach to scaling socio-economic indicators to ensure economic security through regional budget expenditures to the GRP ratio example. Indicator choice is conditioned by the necessity to determine the degree of the federal center's rational influence on the regional strategic goals of sustainable development. The study aims to develop and test the system for assessing the dynamics of Russian socio-economic development based on the authors' interpretation of the scaling factor values. The main research method is scaling, which provides additional perspectives reflected by preserving proportions when changing the target parameters. The new method's effectiveness is confirmed by calculating the scaling factor. Its value interpretation gives a tool for assessing the effectiveness of the strategy development system and its economic security. The study's relevance is due to adaptation to global transformations based on the management system's capability to act under various crisis scenarios and make anti-crisis decisions important for the Russian economy. The findings improve the basis for implementing a sustainable strategic planning system and strengthening national security in the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings make it possible to predict the further evolution of the relationships between indicator groups in order to increase the role of per capita budgetary expenditures in GRP. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2022-SPER-08 Full Text: PDF
Acoustic Photometry of Biomedical Parameters for Association with Diabetes and Covid-19 Abdulrahman Imad; Noreha Abdul Malik; Belal Ahmed Hamida; Gan Hong Hong Seng; Sheroz Khan
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6 (2022): Special Issue "COVID-19: Emerging Research"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2022-SPER-04

Abstract

Because of their mortality rate, diabetes and COVID-19 are serious diseases. Moreover, people with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing COVID-19 complications. This article therefore proposes a single, non-invasive system that can help people with diabetes and COVID-19 to monitor their health parameters by measuring oxygen saturation (SPO2), heart rate, and body temperature. This is in contrast to other pulse oximeters and previous work reported in the literature. A Max30102 sensor, consisting of two light-emitting diodes (LEDs), can serve as a transmission spectrum to enable three synchronous parameter measurements. Hence, the Max30102 sensor facilitates identification of the relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes in a cost-effective manner. Fifty subjects (20 healthy, 20 diabetic, and 10 with COVID-19), aged 18-61 years, were recruited to provide data on heart rate, body temperature, and oxygen saturation, measured in a variety of activities and scenarios. The results showed accuracy of ±97% for heart rate, ±98% for body temperature, and ±99% for oxygen saturation with an enhanced time efficiency of 5-7 seconds in contrast to a commercialized pulse oximeter, which took 10-12 seconds. The results were then compared with those of commercially available pulse oximetry (Oxitech Pulse Oximeter) and a thermometer (Medisana Infrared Thermometer). These results revealed that uncontrolled diabetes can be as dangerous as COVID-19 in terms of high resting heart rate and low oxygen saturation. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2022-SPER-04 Full Text: PDF
Oversampling Approach Using Radius-SMOTE for Imbalance Electroencephalography Datasets Retantyo Wardoyo; I Made Agus Wirawan; I Gede Angga Pradipta
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2022): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-02-013

Abstract

Several studies related to emotion recognition based on Electroencephalogram signals have been carried out in feature extraction, feature representation, and classification. However, emotion recognition is strongly influenced by the distribution or balance of Electroencephalogram data. On the other hand, the limited data obtained significantly affects the imbalance condition of the resulting Electroencephalogram signal data. It has an impact on the low accuracy of emotion recognition. Therefore, based on these problems, the contribution of this research is to propose the Radius SMOTE method to overcome the imbalance of the DEAP dataset in the emotion recognition process. In addition to the EEG data oversampling process, there are several vital processes in emotion recognition based on EEG signals, including the feature extraction process and the emotion classification process. This study uses the Differential Entropy (DE) method in the EEG feature extraction process. The classification process in this study compares two classification methods, namely the Decision Tree method and the Convolutional Neural Network method. Based on the classification process using the Decision Tree method, the application of oversampling with the Radius SMOTE method resulted in the accuracy of recognizing arousal and valence emotions of 78.78% and 75.14%, respectively. Meanwhile, the Convolutional Neural Network method can accurately identify the arousal and valence emotions of 82.10% and 78.99%, respectively. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-02-013 Full Text: PDF
Rationalizing Critical Cost Overrun Factors on Public Sector Housing Programmes Aaron Anil Chadee; Hector Hugh Martin; Abrahams Mwasha; Festus Otuloge
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2022): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-016

Abstract

The cost overrun phenomenon on projects worldwide creates a major source of risk that warrants investigation. The prevailing factor school of thought provides strong empirical evidence that critical factors contributing to cost overruns are both context-specific and project-specific. Although many studies have been conducted identifying factors and causes of cost overruns, very few studies have investigated root causes. Additionally, a limited body of knowledge is available within the context of Small Island Development States (SIDS). To fill this gap, the objectives of this study were to identify and determine the main critical factors contributing to the cost overrun phenomenon in public sector social housing programmes (PSSHPs). These selected factors were thereafter categorized under leading root causes, and their severity was determined based on primary stakeholders’ perspectives. One hundred and twenty-three factors were identified from the literature, of which forty-one critical factors were extracted and grouped under four root causes based on a pilot survey of relevant public sector housing experts in the Trinidadian and Jamaican construction sectors. These refined factors and root causes were formulated into a questionnaire survey. One hundred and five responses were obtained from professionals who had a minimum of five years’ experience in various phases of public housing delivery. The severity of these critical factors was evaluated, ranked, and categorized using the relative importance index (RII) approach. The findings uncovered the leading root cause, which is political in nature. The top five critical factors are the selection of politically aligned contractors, the intentional design of inadequate contracts, the project actors' deliberately underestimating costs, the partisan project management team, and strategic misrepresentation. These findings are unique to SIDS and contribute to knowledge to reframe contemporary project management practices, which focus mainly on technical causes. Finally, as existing technical solutions are ineffective in curbing cost overruns in PSSHPs, these findings also inform public sector policymakers to focus on prioritization, control, and mitigation of political risks in formulating effective governance mechanisms. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-016 Full Text: PDF
The Role of Economic Policy Uncertainty in Predicting Stock Return Volatility in the Banking Industry: A Big Data Analysis Hera Antonopoulou; Vicky Mamalougou; Leonidas Theodorakopoulos
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2022): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-011

Abstract

The research aims to study the effects of economic policy uncertainty on the return volatility of stocks with data from the largest banking institutions in Greece. Volatility is constructed using intraday data, whereas the research period extends over a period of about thirteen years, more specifically from January 5, 2001, to June 30, 2014. This period includes various phases of the market, such as stock market crashes along with stock market booms (e.g. the financial crisis of 2007 and 2008 in the United States and the European sovereign debt crisis). The estimated regressions were used to indicate the direct effects of economic policy uncertainty on the return volatility of the stocks of the four large Greek banks. The volatility index is constructed based on intraday data, whereas four different estimators of volatility were used. There is a statistically significant "direct" effect of economic policy uncertainty on the volatility of stock returns of the largest Greek banks, which are (a) Alpha Bank, (b) Eurobank, (c) National Bank of Greece, and (d) Piraeus Bank. Such findings are highly important for specific groups of people, such as investors, policymakers, and regulators. This study is the first research that seeks to identify the effect of economic policy uncertainty on the stock return volatility of the Greek banking system, constructed from intraday data. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-011 Full Text: PDF
The Effect of Zeolite/Chitosan Hybrid Matrix for Thermal-stabilization Enhancement on the Immobilization of Aspergillus fumigatus α-Amylase Yandri Yandri; Hendri Ropingi; Tati Suhartati; John Hendri; Bambang Irawan; Sutopo Hadi
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2022): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-06

Abstract

In this paper, the A. fumigatus α-amylase had been immobilized onto zeolite/chitosan hybrid to improve its thermal-stabilization for industrial needs. The methods applied enzyme production, isolation, partial purification, immobilization, and characterization. The optimum temperatures of the native and immobilized enzymes were 50 and 55˚C, respectively. The native enzyme has KM of 3.478 ± 0.271 mg mL-1 substrate and Vmax of 2.211± 0.096 µmole mL-1 min-1, while the immobilized enzyme has KM value of 12.051 ± 4.949 mg mL-1 substrate and Vmax of 1.602 ± 0.576 µmole mL-1 min-1. The residual activity of the immobilized enzyme retained up 10.97% after fifth reuse cycles. The native enzyme has ΔGi of 104.35 ± 1.09 kJ mole-1 and t½ of 38.75 ± 1.53 min, while the immobilized enzyme has ΔGi of 108.03 ± 0.05 kJ mole-1 and t½ of 180.03 ± 3.31 min. According to the increase in half-life (t½), stability improvement of the A. fumigatusα-amylase was 4.65 times greater than the native enzyme. Thus, the zeolite/chitosan hybrid is used as a new supporting matrix for further enzyme immobilization to stabilize the enzymes. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-06 Full Text: PDF
Hybrid Controller based on Null Space and Consensus Algorithms for Mobile Robot Formation Gabriela M. Andaluz; Paulo Leica; Marco Herrera; Luis Morales; Oscar Camacho
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2022): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-01

Abstract

This work presents a novel hybrid control approach based on null space and consensus algorithms to solve the scalability problems of mobile robot formation and improve leader control through multiple control objectives. In previous works, the training of robots based on the null space requires a rigid training structure based on a geometric shape, which increases the number of agents in the formation. The scheme of the control algorithm, which does not make formation scalability possible, must be changed; therefore, seeking the scalability of training based on null space is a challenge that could be solved with the inclusion of consensus algorithms, which allow the control structure to be maintained despite increasing or decreasing the number of robot followers. Another advantage of this proposal is that the formation of the followers does not depend on any geometric figure compared to previous works based on the null space; this new proposal does not present singularities as if the structure is based on geometric shape, the latter one is crucial since the formation of agents can take forms that cannot be achieved with a geometric structure, such as collinear locations, that can occur in many environments. The proposed hybrid control approach presents three tasks: i) leader position task, ii) leader shape task, and iii) follower formation task. The proposed algorithm is validated through simulations, performing tests that use the kinematic model of non-holonomic mobile robots. In addition, linear algebra and Lyapunov theory are used to analyze the stability of the method. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-01 Full Text: PDF
Effectiveness of Students' Motivation Factors in the Competency-Based Approach: A Case Study of Universities in Russia and Indonesia Nuphanudin .; Aan Komariah; Tatiana Shvetsova; Zhanna Gardanova; Marina Podzorova; Dedy Achmad Kurniady; Marina Gladysheva; Olesya Dudnik; Richard Jonathan O. Taduran; Mikhail Kosov
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2022): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-012

Abstract

The study aimed to explore the influence of motivation factors on the development of professional competencies using Russian and Indonesian institutions of higher education as case studies. In pursuit of this objective, quantitative survey methodology was incorporated, and surveys were conducted during November and April of the 2018/2019 to 2021/2022 school years. The questionnaire was developed with a 10-point rating scale, aimed at addressing the development of students' professional competencies and the factors that motivate learning and competency development. Using the questionnaire, the level of professional competency development of students in Russian and Indonesian universities has been empirically analysed. The results of the study supported the spiral nature of students' professional competencies development, showing that the development of professional competencies follows a progressive and non-linear nature of component development. These results confirm that the process of professional competency development is structurally divided into separate, relatively independent stages reflecting sequential and gradual progression. The positive character of the influence of the balanced development level of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factors on the formation of students' professional competencies has been established. The results of the research may prove useful for educational institutions and public administration bodies for the development of effective mechanisms for students' motivation within the framework of competency-based approach implementation in higher education. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-012 Full Text: PDF
Bank Efficiency and Oil Price Volatility: A View from the GCC Countries Ammar Jreisat; Somar Al-Mohamad
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2022): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-07

Abstract

The study investigates the banks' efficiency in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries' members (GCC). The efficiency of the banking sector is a cornerstone in the financial development of a country. It has also become a prominent label in both economic and financial lexicons due to the lucid importance of the financial intermediation function it provides. The banking industry is considered the backbone of the financial system in oil exporting countries of the GCC region. In general, the advancement and stability of the banking sector are inextricably related to the total economic output as measured by the GDP and to the stability of the financial system in particular. This study aims to evaluate how efficient banking is in the six countries of the GCC bloc, and to assess the effect of the oil price shock in 2014 on the bank’s efficiency in these countries. This study employs the 2-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology for this aim. This model assigns efficiency scores for GCC banks over a period of time from 2008 to 2016 in the first stage. The second stage of the model regresses the aforementioned efficiency scores against a variety of financial and macroeconomic variables to depict the main determinants of bank efficiency and to assess the banking sector's resilience to global shocks as well as to macroeconomic conditions. The empirical outcomes of this study indicate that the global financial crisis (GFC) in 2008 and the oil price shock in 2014 had a significant negative impact on the efficiency scores of the GCC banks. The findings also show that domestic macroeconomic indicators have a greater impact on bank efficiency than institutional or bank-specific variables.JEL Classifications: E6, E44, Q4, G21 Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-07 Full Text: PDF
Retrieval of Vertical Structure of Raindrop Size Distribution from Equatorial Atmosphere Radar and Boundary Layer Radar Mutya Vonnisa; Toyoshi Shimomai; Hiroyuki Hashiguchi; Marzuki Marzuki
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2022): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-02

Abstract

This work develops an algorithm to retrieve the vertical structure of the raindrop size distribution (DSD) of rain from simultaneous observations of 47 MHz Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) and 1.3 GHz Boundary Layer Radar (BLR) at Koto Tabang, West Sumatra, Indonesia (0.20°S, 100.32°E, 865 m above sea level). EAR is sensitive to the detection of turbulence, and BLR is susceptible to identifying precipitation echo. The EAR Doppler spectrum broadening effects due to turbulence and finite radar beam width were reduced using the convolution process. The Gaussian function was used to model the turbulence Doppler spectrum. A non-linear least-squares fitting method was applied to retrieve DSD parameters. Subsequently, the equations to estimate DSD using this dual-frequency algorithm assume the gamma DSD model to retrieve the distribution from the Doppler spectrum of precipitation echo. The precipitation events on April 23, 2004 on the Coupling Processes in the Equatorial Atmosphere (CPEA-I) project have been analyzed. Results show that the precipitation spectrum obtained using the dual-frequency method is higher, more precise, and well-fitted than the single-frequency method, meaning the dual-frequency method has great potential to be used in observing the microphysical process and remote sensing application analysis of DSD in Indonesia, particularly at Koto Tabang. The analyses show various microphysical processes that occur in the rain, such as coalescence, evaporation, break-up, and condensation. Furthermore, for the purpose of easier remote sensing application analysis of profile DSD characteristics, we use a DSD ΔΖMP parameter. ΔΖMP is a rain rate insensitive DSD parameter representing mean drop size. The trend of ΔZMP is not totally uniform with regards to rain rate and reflectivity factors, with ΔZMP higher in the first half of the event and becoming lower toward the end. This suggests that we have to use different Z-R relations within the event. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-02 Full Text: PDF

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