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Emerging Science Journal
Published by Ital Publication
ISSN : 26109182     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 874 Documents
 59   60   61   62   63 
Assessing the State of Modern Physics Education: Pre-test Findings and Influencing Factors Tene, Talia; Bodero-Poveda, Elba; Vique López, Diego; Vacacela Gomez, Cristian; Bellucci, Stefano
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8 (2024): Special Issue "Current Issues, Trends, and New Ideas in Education"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-SIED1-01

Abstract

Technology and our conceptions of reality have both been significantly impacted by modern physics. However, due to a variety of issues, such as disparities in educational resources, differing emphasis on science education, cultural attitudes, and language obstacles, students in Latin America, including Ecuador, have a limited understanding of modern physics. The present work exposes a pre-test methodology to evaluate students' knowledge and pinpoint their areas of weakness. The analysis of the results indicates that most students received lower grades, while a smaller proportion obtained higher scores. Our findings reveal significant knowledge gaps, misconceptions, and uncertainty among the participants regarding various topics related to the constituent and stability of the nucleus, quantum behavior, nuclear models, radioactive decay, and natural radioactive sources. Additionally, it was statistically demonstrated (Kruskal-Wallis H test) that misconceptions, uncertainties, and knowledge gaps are not significantly related to learning styles. The type of college substantially impacts academics, with private university students typically receiving higher grades. These results offer insightful information about student performance, how learning styles and college types affect academic achievement in modern physics, and the effects of living area and academic level. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-SIED1-01 Full Text: PDF
Bridging the Gap: Social Networks and Professional Development in the Eyes of Prospective Science Teachers Khaleel Alarabi; Suzan Al Abidi; Linda S. Pagani; Hassan Tairab; Younis Alhosani; Lutfieh Rabbani; Maitha Al Mansoori
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-014

Abstract

Virtual social network platforms have rapidly become settings for cultivating various types of bonding, bridging, and building social capital. This promotes professional and personal relationships and has implications for our psychological wellness. Our qualitative study, which has taken place in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Oman, explored the perspectives of science teachers in training regarding the utilization of social networks for professional development (PD). We conducted 26 semi-structured interviews across both countries. Our results unveiled nuanced insights into the influence of social networks on the professional development of prospective science teachers, the challenges they face while using these means for networking, and how cultural norms and institutional factors impact learning, collaboration, and adoption of such virtual social systems. The findings suggest that social networks can serve as valuable tools for the professional development of prospective science teachers. Notably, there was a subtle divergence between the two groups. The UAE participants have emphasized global perspectives and valued insights into worldwide educational trends, whereas the Omani participants have appreciated the global perspective and prioritized local connections. Additionally, remarkable differences in technology access and infrastructure challenges between UAE and Oman teachers in training highlight the need for more equitable professional development opportunities. Emirati and Omani participants differ in their access to international educational trends and technology because of economic disparities. This could be translated into more resources for education and technological infrastructure, as the geographical location of the UAE as a global hub makes it easier to access global networks and trends. The implications of these findings point to the critical need for the effective use of social networks in the professional development of science teachers. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-014 Full Text: PDF
An Empirical Analysis of Influencing Factors of Government Decision-Making on Public Crisis Tuo Wang; Shiqing Chen; Chuleerat Kongruang
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-03

Abstract

As the times and the world are changing in an unprecedented way, public security issues have become increasingly linked, transnational, and diverse, causing huge impacts on the global economy and society, as well as posing great challenges to the government in dealing with public crisis decision-making. This study aims to determine the factors affecting the government's crisis decision-making and analyze the interrelationship among the factors affecting the government's crisis decision-making and the performance of its crisis decision-making. The questionnaire was developed and used to collect data from 400 samples of various groups, including government department personnel, scientific research institute practitioners, university lecturers, the public, and university students, both online and face-to-face. The structural equation model (SEM) is used to evaluate the structural relationships of the relevant variables, including the crisis decision-making body, crisis decision-making procedure, crisis decision-making performance, the decision environment, and value identification. It is found that the diversified decision-making subject and decision-making environment have a positive and significant impact on the public crisis decision-making process, value identification, and decision-making performance, respectively. This study has contributed to the following issues. Firstly, it developed new measurement tools and indicators for better evaluating the quality and effect of public crisis decision-making and exploring the influence of different factors on the crisis decision-making of the government. Secondly, it employed cross-industry and cross-cultural comparative research to find commonalities and differences and provide targeted recommendations. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-03 Full Text: PDF
Multilingual Question Answering for Malaysia History with Transformer-based Language Model Qi Zhi Lim; Chin Poo Lee; Kian Ming Lim; Jing Xiang Ng; Eric Khang Heng Ooi; Nicole Kai Ning Loh
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-019

Abstract

In natural language processing (NLP), a Question Answering System (QAS) refers to a system or model that is designed to understand and respond to user queries in natural language. As we navigate through the recent advancements in QAS, it can be observed that there is a paradigm shift of the methods used from traditional machine learning and deep learning approaches towards transformer-based language models. While significant progress has been made, the utilization of these models for historical QAS and the development of QAS for Malay language remain largely unexplored. This research aims to bridge the gaps, focusing on developing a Multilingual QAS for history of Malaysia by utilizing a transformer-based language model. The system development process encompasses various stages, including data collection, knowledge representation, data loading and pre-processing, document indexing and storing, and the establishment of a querying pipeline with the retriever and reader. A dataset with a collection of 100 articles, including web blogs related to the history of Malaysia, has been constructed, serving as the knowledge base for the proposed QAS. A significant aspect of this research is the use of the translated dataset in English instead of the raw dataset in Malay. This decision was made to leverage the effectiveness of well-established retriever and reader models that were trained on English data. Moreover, an evaluation dataset comprising 100 question-answer pairs has been created to evaluate the performance of the models. A comparative analysis of six different transformer-based language models, namely DeBERTaV3, BERT, ALBERT, ELECTRA, MiniLM, and RoBERTa, has been conducted, where the effectiveness of the models was examined through a series of experiments to determine the best reader model for the proposed QAS. The experimental results reveal that the proposed QAS achieved the best performance when employing RoBERTa as the reader model. Finally, the proposed QAS was deployed on Discord and equipped with multilingual support through the incorporation of language detection and translation modules, enabling it to handle queries in both Malay and English. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-02-019 Full Text: PDF
The Carbon Conundrum: Exploring CO2 Emissions, Public Debt, and Environmental Policy Mohd Shahidan Shaari; Amri Sulong; Abdul Rahim Ridzuan; Miguel Angel Esquivias; Evan Lau
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2024): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-08

Abstract

This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by examining the impact of CO2emissions on public debt in Malaysia, employing a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach spanning from 1980 to 2020. This methodology captures the non-linear relationship between CO2 emissions and public debt, providing nuanced insights into how environmental factors shape fiscal dynamics. Despite encountering challenges arising from the limited body of literature on this specific relationship, the study highlights key findings with profound implications for policymakers. The inverse correlation between trade openness and public debt underscores the influence of international trade on Malaysia's fiscal landscape, while a positive association between investment and public debt emphasizes the importance of prudent debt management for economic growth. Furthermore, the negative relationship between higher foreign direct investment and long-term public debt highlights the need to foster an investor-friendly environment. A pivotal contribution is the confirmation of a positive link between CO2 emissions and public debt, urging policymakers to prioritize emission reduction strategies, implement carbon pricing, and promote green technologies. This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between CO2emissions and public debt, providing valuable insights for informed policy decisions in the Malaysian context. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-08 Full Text: PDF
Implications of Big Data in Accounting: Challenges and Opportunities Leonidas Theodorakopoulos; Georgios Thanasas; Constantinos Halkiopoulos
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2024): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-024

Abstract

Objectives: This paper aims to comprehensively explore the implications of Big Data within the realm of accounting, dissecting both its potential advantages and the hurdles it presents. The primary goal is to introduce and delineate the potential benefits of Big Data integration in accounting practices. Additionally, it seeks to identify and thoroughly examine the challenges impeding the seamless assimilation of Big Data into accounting methodologies. By delving into diverse applications, including Auditing, Cost Management, and financial reporting, this study aims to shed light on the multifaceted nature of Big Data's role in accounting. Methods/Analysis: This paper commences with an introduction to the concept of Big Data and its anticipated advantages for accounting practices. It proceeds to conduct a meticulous review and synthesis of existing literature, dissecting the intricate relationship between Big Data and accounting. Through this review, it emphasizes the stumbling blocks encountered in integrating Big Data. Subsequently, it offers a detailed exploration of Big Data's applications in accounting. Findings: Big Data exhibits the potential to substantially transform accounting practices, offering avenues for superior decision-making and analysis. However, the challenges related to data management and analysis pose substantial barriers for accountants in effectively integrating Big Data. Novelty/Improvement: This study offers a comprehensive exploration, dissecting both the potential advantages and challenges presented by Big Data within accounting practices. It provides detailed insights into specific applications of Big Data in accounting, going beyond a surface-level understanding and focusing on domains like Auditing, Cost Management, and financial reporting. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-024 Full Text: PDF
Evaluation of the Therapy Protocols and Vaccines Applied in the COVID-19 Pandemic Gokben Ozbey; Alfizah Hanafiah; Asif Sukri; František Zigo; Juliana Arvaiová
Emerging Science Journal Vol 7, No 5 (2023): October
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-05-022

Abstract

Despite a plethora of research on vaccine developments and the adverse effects of the vaccineworldwide, there are several research studies on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy or rejection. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on treatment and the factors that contributed to the vaccine concerns. Methods: After one month of being approved by the ethics committee, a descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted using online resources. Samples were randomly selected from the study population. The current study included adults (>18 years old) who were randomly selected from different provinces of Turkey. Results: Most participants were young adults 18–23 years old (47.9%), female (64.8%), married (36.1%), with university education (70.4%), and without medical illness (60.9%) (mean age = 28 years old). Both vaccination doses were given to 53% of the individuals. The most frequent symptom was discomfort at the injection site (0.14%), followed by asthenia muscle pain (0.01%) and edema (24.5%) at the injection site. More symptoms were reported by women than by men. Social media accounts and websites of professional organizations, namely the Dental Association, the Ministry of Health, and the World Health Organization (WHO), were the main sources of COVID-19 information. Hesitancy was induced by concerns about side effects (67.7%), safety (69.7%), lack of information (43.1%), inadequate data on the vaccine clinical trials (55.9%), lack of information on how long protective and effectiveness of vaccines (69.4%), lack of information on how effectiveness against variants (74.8%), think COVID-19 is not dangerous (69.7%), not effectiveness (22.6%) of the vaccine, not safe (32.6%), change my genetic make-up and cause it reproductive sterilite (20.2%), high number of deaths due to COVID-19 (60.8%), the presence of dangerous materials such as aluminum, mercury and others in the content of vaccines, concerns about the country producing the vaccine (38.2%), being afraid of the injection (22%), being against vaccination in general (11%), negative news in the press and social media (38.6%), being risky for only people over 60 (15.9%), having a strong immune system (38.4%), religious (4.7%) and cultural factors (7.4%), believing in natural and traditional medicine (25.4%), and being influenced by friends or family members (19.6%). Hesitancy to accept the COVID-19 vaccine was observed in subjects with hypercholosterolemia and diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, Vaccine hesitancy was primarily related to safety apprehensions. Educational and demographic traits were associated with vaccine admissibility. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-05-022 Full Text: PDF
Adopting ISO 20022: Opportunities, Challenges, and Success Factors for Corporations in Payment Processing João Constantino; Henrique São Mamede; Miguel Mira da Silva
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2024): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-04-010

Abstract

This research explores the adoption of ISO 20022, a standard that corporations can leverage to instruct payments to their partner financial institutions. Due to the complexity and case-specific variables involved, the adoption process may be complex and require significant effort from financial institutions and customers over an extended period. This research analyzes the opportunities and challenges for corporate users posed by ISO 20022 and identifies the success factors that must be considered during the adoption process. The research key findings indicate that an implementation approach incorporating flexibility, custom extensions, the use of a markup language for creating and managing messages, pilot testing, and user feedback can be an effective adoption model for ISO 20022. Design Science Research Methodology is employed in designing, building, and evaluating a solution proposal to develop a structured, customized, and flexible solution complying with the ever-changing requirements and landscape. This research contributes to the payment processing field by providing a comprehensive adoption model for ISO 20022 that considers critical factors and challenges. The proposed customized and flexible solution can assist corporations in successfully adopting ISO 20022 and contribute to creating a common language and model for payment data worldwide. The initiative's success depends on the effective adoption by all players, including corporations. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-04-010 Full Text: PDF
Enhancing Global Health System Resilience and Sustainability Post-COVID-19: A Grounded Theory Approach Darmadi Darmadi; Zhanna R. Gardanova; Maria V. Mikhailova; Zahraa H. Al-Qaim; Evgeniy V. Kostyrin; Mikhail E. Kosov; Marina V. Vasiljeva
Emerging Science Journal Vol 7, No 6 (2023): December
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-06-011

Abstract

Based on a grounded theory approach to healthcare professionals’ experience, this study conducted a qualitative assessment of new opportunities and provided a conceptual justification of forward-looking trends of global health system efficiency improvement and resilience toward universal health in the post-COVID-19 era. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, while theoretical saturation was reached after 20 interviews with international experts in Global Health System Resilience (psychologists, nurses, and community health consultants). The data were analyzed using four coding stages: initial, focused, axial, and theoretical. The results showed that to achieve global health system resilience toward universal health and safety coverage in the post-COVID-19 era, it is required to develop a strategy including the support of healthcare professionals, which allows coping with the emotional and psychological impact of the pandemic. Moreover, opportunities for professional development and collaboration can enhance their resilience and adaptability during and after crises. The findings suggest factors of global health system resilience ranked using the AHP method. The present research provides a valuable insight into the significance of telemedicine, remote care, and ensuring the safety of the healthcare industry and patients as the most crucial factors for enhancing health system sustainability. This article provides new policy recommendations to ensure the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of health systems. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-06-011 Full Text: PDF
Topic Modeling: A Consistent Framework for Comparative Studies Ana Amaro; Fernando Bacao
Emerging Science Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-09

Abstract

In recent years, the field of Topic Modeling (TM) has grown in importance due to the increasing availability of digital text data. TM is an unsupervised learning technique that helps uncover latent semantic structures in large sets of documents, making it a valuable tool for finding relevant patterns. However, evaluating the performance of TM algorithms can be challenging as different metrics and datasets are often used, leading to inconsistent results. In addition, many current surveys of TM algorithms focus on a limited number of models and exclude state-of-the-art approaches. This paper has the objective of addressing these issues by presenting a comprehensive comparative study of five TM algorithms across three different benchmark datasets using five different metrics. We offer an updated survey of the latest TM approaches and evaluation metrics, providing a consistent framework for comparing different algorithms while introducing state-of-the art approaches that have been disregarded in the literature. The experiments, which primarily use Context Vectors (CV) Topic Coherence as an evaluation metric, show that Top2Vec is the best-performing model across all datasets, disrupting the tendency for Latent Dirichlet Allocation to be the best performer. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-09 Full Text: PDF

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