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INDONESIA
Emerging Science Journal
Published by Ital Publication
ISSN : 26109182     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,058 Documents
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Detecting Genuine Versus Fake Emotions: A Dual-Task Deep Learning Approach Using Facial Expression Analysis Sarah Tasnim Diya; Most. Jannatul Ferdos; Md. Mizanur Rahman; Yadab Sutradhar; Zahura Zaman; Suman Ahmmed; Ohidujjaman
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2026-010-02-018

Abstract

Facial expression recognition (FER) is a relevant field of study with applications in human-computer interaction, healthcare, and security. Although recent approaches demonstrate excellent outcomes on the recognition of basic emotions, the authenticity of expressions (genuine versus fake) remains unexplored. In this work, we propose a dual-task deep learning framework based on EfficientNet-B0, enhanced with a lightweight squeeze-and-excitation (SE) attention mechanism, to collaboratively work on multiclass emotion recognition (seven categories: angry, disgust, fear, happy, neutral, sad and surprise) and authenticity classification (genuine vs fake). The architecture leverages a shared backbone for representing feature, followed by task-dedicated branches trained using categorical cross-entropy and focal loss, respectively. To overcome the lack of publicly available benchmarks incorporating authenticity labels, we designed a curated dataset annotated with both emotional categories and authenticity information. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed dual-task model with the SE attention mechanism achieves 98.5% accuracy for emotion recognition and 92.2% accuracy for authenticity prediction, emphasizing both the effectiveness of the framework and the inherent challenges of authenticity detection. Moreover, we present a deployable real-time system demonstrating the feasibility of integrating authenticity-aware FER into practical applications such as e-learning analytics, security surveillance, and affective computing.
Academic Dishonesty Among University Students: Gender, Semester Differences, and Influencing Factors Renya Rosari; Anis Chariri; Dwi Cahyo Utomo
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2026-010-02-019

Abstract

This study examines differences in academic dishonesty among university students based on gender and semester level and identifies factors influencing such behavior using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Quantitative data were collected from 405 undergraduate students across five semester levels (II, IV, VI, VIII, and X) using the Academic Dishonesty Scale (ADS) and analyzed with non-parametric statistical tests. The results show significant differences in examination-related cheating across semesters (p = 0.012) and significant gender differences across several indicators (p < 0.05), with male students and those in early semesters displaying higher levels of dishonest behavior. To further explain these findings, qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with seven informants and analyzed thematically. The qualitative results indicate that academic dishonesty is influenced by pressure to achieve high grades, insufficient study preparation, permissive peer environments, and limited understanding of academic ethics. The novelty of this study lies in combining a validated measurement instrument with qualitative follow-up to provide contextual explanations of academic dishonesty in Indonesian higher education. The findings highlight the need for stricter supervision, strengthened academic ethics education, improved time management skills, and clearer institutional policies to foster an academic culture that promotes integrity.
From Awareness to Action: Mindfulness Brief Interventions Shaping Positive Affect and Decision Certainty Yani Duan; Nor Akmar Bt. Nordin; Siti Aisyah Panatik; Huayi Liu
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2026-010-02-027

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore the effect of a five-minute mindfulness audio intervention on improving state positive emotion and decision-making effectiveness under uncertainty, and to examine whether trait maximization moderates these effects among Chinese university students. Method: A randomized between-subjects experiment (N = 320) was conducted, in which participants were assigned to either a brief mindfulness exercise or a time-matched neutral audio control. State positive emotion was measured immediately after the manipulation using the PANAS positive affect scale. Participants then completed five worst-case scenario tasks (least-worst decision scenarios). Decision time, perceived decision difficulty, and the percentage of approach choices were recorded. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation effects, and interaction modeling was applied to examine moderation. Findings: Participants in the mindfulness condition reported higher levels of positive emotion and demonstrated more effective decision-making patterns, characterized by faster decisions, lower perceived difficulty, and a higher proportion of approach-oriented choices. Positive emotion partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and decision effectiveness. However, the benefits of mindfulness on approach choices were reduced among individuals with higher maximization tendencies. Originality/Implications: This study contributes to the literature on least-worst decision making by incorporating an affective mechanism and an individual difference moderator within a Chinese sample. The findings suggest that brief, scalable mindfulness interventions can support approach-oriented decision behavior under uncertainty, while also indicating that such interventions may need to be tailored for individuals with high maximization tendencies.
Higher Education Determinants and Graduate Employability: Evidence on Structural and Practical (mis)Match Qerimi, Arbëresha; Rexhaj, Xhavit; Qerimi, Fidan; Buja, Vrullim
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 (2025): Special Issue "Emerging Trends, Challenges, and Innovative Practices in Education"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-SIED1-030

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this research is to measure the impact of higher education factors on the employability of graduates in Kosovo and to measure the degree of mismatch between qualifications and labor market demand. Methods/Analysis: The research was conducted through a quantitative method, including a sample of 400 graduates, in the period 2019/20 to 2023/24. Data were collected through a structured electronic questionnaire, and the data were processed through SPSS. The reliability and validity of the instrument were tested through Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis. Correlation analysis, linear regression, ANOVA, the Tukey HSD test, and mismatch indices were used to present the results. Findings: The results show that the connection of study programs with the labor market is the factor with the highest impact on employability, while practical experience during studies has the lowest impact. The mismatch index shows that 63.5% of graduates work outside their field of study, 45.0% are over- or underqualified, and 49.5% have a lack of skills. The total mismatch index is 52.7%. Novelty/Improvement: This study provides empirical evidence on education-labor market mismatch, offering a solid basis for higher education reforms and public policies. It quantifies structural and practical mismatches shaping employability outcomes.
Effectiveness of the Daniel Model in Enhancing Primary Students’ Learning of Cybersecurity Concepts Al-Barakat, Ali A.; AlAli, Rommel M.; Al-Hassan, Omayya M.; Kanaan, Eid M.; Aboud , Yusra Z.; Abdullatif, Ali K.
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 (2025): Special Issue "Emerging Trends, Challenges, and Innovative Practices in Education"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-SIED1-029

Abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of Daniel's Model in teaching cybersecurity concepts to ninth-grade students in Amman, Jordan. A quasi-experimental design with two groups was employed; the experimental group received instruction based on Daniel's model, while the control group followed traditional teaching methods. The sample consisted of 120 students, was selected from ten international schools via convenience sampling, and was randomly assigned to the groups. Data were collected using a 33-item knowledge test covering four key domains of cybersecurity. Analysis in SPSS included an independent samples t-test and a paired samples t-test; in addition, effect size (η²) was calculated to understand the magnitude of the model impact. A higher score of digital threat knowledge and skills in terms of prevention, ethical behaviors, and data protection related to the model taught was noticeable among the experimental group, since the effect size (η²) varied from large (0.34) to very large (0.62). Also, in the delayed test, the experimental group showed no decline in performance, demonstrating that the model was effective in teaching knowledge and digital practices. Considering the results, it is recommended that Daniel's Model, combined with interactive techniques and scenario building, be integrated in teaching digital ethics and use of technology, in addition to training teachers on systematic implementation of desired, sustained outcomes of the model.
Cybercrime is Very Dangerous Form of Criminal Behavior and Cybersecurity Franjič, Siniša
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 4 (2020): Special Issue "IoT, IoV, and Blockchain" (2020-2021)
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2020-SP1-02

Abstract

Computer crime is a form of criminal behavior in which the use of computer technology and information systems is manifested as a mode of crime or the computer is used as a means or purpose of perpetration with which is producing some relevant criminal consequence. Computer crime is also an unlawful violation of property in which computer data is intentionally altered (manipulated by a computer), destroyed (computer sabotaged) or used in conjunction with hardware (theft of time). Objective of this paper is consideration of using new computer technology in everyday life. Unfortunately, some users using new technology for criminal acts. For Analysis, author use official resources from books, scientific papers and online resources. Even though it is a new technology, police and justice successfully deal with different types of computercrimes.
Integration of Next Generation IIoT with Blockchain for the Development of Smart Industries Iqbal, Aamir; Amir, Mohammad; Kumar, Vinod; Alam, Aftab; Umair, Mohammad
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 4 (2020): Special Issue "IoT, IoV, and Blockchain" (2020-2021)
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2020-SP1-01

Abstract

In modern era, a wide range of smart industries is being focus on automation-based applications. Various technologies are rapidly implementing in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) for manufacturing sectors that helping to achieve advanced schedule production framework and on time delivery of products. The integration of IIoT platforms with the blockchain are challenging service in manufacturing system. The primary objective of this article is to characterize various issues and challenges that are implementing IIoT and blockchain in industries. The proposed work is an integration of IIoT and blockchain in industrial processes for solving the security issues in real-time. Also, identifying various enablers of blockchain and issues of IIoT from smart industries manufacturing using a survey tool is formed in the form of questionnaire. Based on these responses Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique has been implemented for categorizing these challenges into cause and effect. In this paper, we introduce the general layout with their key issues and challenges of IIoT and blockchain that signifies the safety requirements to design the IIoT and blockchain. Further, we describe how IIoT can be integrated to the blockchain for smart Industrial applications. Finally, various recommendations are the proposed to upcoming IIoT and blockchain developments. The proposed work will be highly beneficial for the smart industries to develop a next generation IIoT and blockchain based framework.
Exploring Critical Success Factors for Blockchain-based Intelligent Transportation Systems Çaldağ, Murat Tahir; Gökalp, Ebru
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 4 (2020): Special Issue "IoT, IoV, and Blockchain" (2020-2021)
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2020-SP1-03

Abstract

Utilization of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) provides increasing demands on decreasing traffic congestions, transportation safety, and environmental problems as well as increasing transportation capacity. Over the past few years, one of the most disruptive and transformational technologies, blockchain technology, has emerged. As a result of offering more security, privacy, traceability, transparency, and decentralized authority, the utilization of blockchain technology in ITS have increased drastically. Despite this increase, there is a lack of a good understanding of what are the Critical Success Factors (CSF) to support IT providers for designing their products properly, and to provide industry leaders to focus on the main drivers of their outstanding projects. This study aims to explore and analyze CSFs that can facilitate the success of blockchain-based ITS, which has so far been neglected despite its remarkable relevance. In doing so, eleven primary studies, identified as a result of conducting a systematic literature review (SLR), were taken as a baseline to develop the model of CSFs. Additionally, since the number of existing studies related to CSFs for blockchain and ITS are limited, an expert panel was formed to evaluate and contribute to the model. The developed model of CSF for blockchain-based ITS, having a comprehensive approach, consists of 29 CSFs defined under five main contexts, namely technical, management, governance, quality of service, and quality of life. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-SP1-03 Full Text: PDF
The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-working: An Examination using an ALDINE Analysis BeŠˆo, Michal
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 5 (2021): Special Issue "COVID-19: Emerging Research"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-02

Abstract

Objectives: Working remotely comes with significant pros and cons with different demands for individuals or teams. E-working has been the object of much interest, but there has been little research on the statistical difference between its advantages and disadvantages. Research Question: Is there a significant statistical difference between them? Methods: The present research, however, goes one step further and identifies the statistical difference between them. Firstly, we evaluated the positive and negative aspects with a meta-analysis of 20 studies and, secondly, we used a non-parametric test, namely the Wilcoxon Rank Test, for further analysis across pros and cons. Findings: We found that e-working provides more positive than negative ones. A binomial test showed that most studies (more than 50%) mention flexibility, productivity and efficiency, satisfaction and WLB as benefits. Novelty/improvement:E-working is a triple win option. There are many advantages to working remotely, but this method of work does not suit everyone. Our results provide building blocks for a more complete theoretical and practical treatment of e-working for the future. But COVID-19, technology advancement and a connected global world show clearly that e-working will play a crucial role in the future of the workplace. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-02 Full Text: PDF
Teamwork during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lajčin, Daniel; Porubčanová, Dáša
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 5 (2021): Special Issue "COVID-19: Emerging Research"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-01

Abstract

The essential of presented paper is human resource management, especially the concept of teamwork in home office conditions, for which both the state and the private sector of the Czech Republic were not used before the declaring a state emergency to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The presented paper has a classical structuring of the scientific paper, it is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part of the paper is based on a critical analysis of relevant information sources, which we have chosen with regard to the topic of the paper and the timeliness of the information provided in the information source. To synthesize and generalize the outputs of the critical analysis of information sources, we used a procedure from general to specific. In the empirical part of the presented paper we apply the information obtained to teams from the private sector and teams from the public sector. Using a questionnaire survey, we compare these two groups of teams in the areas of the concept of teamwork, team functionality, team management by its leader and motivation to perform in the context of the preparedness of the analyzed teams for home office. We found that greater negativity of teamwork as less productivity, or more demanding communication, is perceived by people from a private sector. Increased work from home in the private sector has improved communication and, in the public sector, work efficiency. In public sector, there is more frequent work control and feedback. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-01 Full Text: PDF

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