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Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 14112027     EISSN : 25415875     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2021.23.2.10
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary
Animal Production is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in association with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia. The journal was established in 1999 and available online since May 4, 2011. Animal Production was initially published twice a year, then three times a year starting in 2005. The journal coverage focused on small scale livestock farming and technologies which includes the recent science development in animal production, including all aspects of nutrition, breeding, reproduction, post-harvest processing and socio-economics. All articles are available online. Full text available in pdf format and can be downloaded for free. Starting Vol 22 No 1 the papers have been and will be published in our new website (http://animalproduction.id), as the continuation of our previous but still active website (http://animalproduction.net).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 9 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January" : 9 Documents clear
The Effect of Low-Temperature Thermal Pre-Treatment on Methane Yield of Pig Manure Fractions Sutaryo, Sutaryo; Ward, Alastair James; Møller, Henrik Bjarne
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract.  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of low-temperature thermal pre-treatment on the methane yield of pig manure fractions. Four different temperatures ranging from 65°C to 80°C were applied for 20 h to whole pig manure and the solid fraction of pig manure derived from solid-liquid manure separation. The results showed significant improvements in methane yield both in pig manure and solid-fraction pig manure at 11 d of the batch digestion test. The improvement was between 9.5-22.5% for pig manure and 6.1-25.3% for solid fraction pig manure. However, at 90 d of the batch digestion assay the effect of low-temperature pre-treatment on methane yield was significant only for the 65°C treatment. Application of low-temperature thermal pre-treatment appears to be a promising method to improve methane yield of pig manure fractions, particularly when surplus thermal energy is available. Key words: biogas, anaerobic digestion, thermal pre-treatment, pig manure, methane. Abstrak.   Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pre-treatment pada suhu rendah terhadap produksi methan dari bagian manure babi. Perlakuan pre-treatment yang digunakan berupa empat level temperatur mulai dari 65°C sampai dengan 80°C selama 20 jam yang diterapkan pada manure babi dan bagian padat manure babi yang diperoleh dari pemisahan bagian cair dan bagian padat manure babi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan produksi methan secara signifikan setelah 11 hari inkubasi dengan digester model batch. Produksi methane meningkat antara 9,5-22,5% pada manure babi dan 6,1-25,3% pada bagian padat manure babi. Namun demikian setelah 90 hari inkubasi, pengaruh dari penggunaan pre-treatment pada suhu rendah hanya berpengaruh siginifikan pada temperatur 65°C saja. Penggunaan pre-treatment pada suhu rendah menunjukkan bahwa metode tersebut merupakan metode yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan produksi methan dari manure babi khususnya apabila terdapat surplus energi. Kata kunci : biogas, digesti secara anaerob, pre-treatment dengan pemanasan, manure babi, methan
Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Multinutrient Blocks in Semi-Arid Region of Nigeria Zarah, A I; Mohammed, I D; Abbator, F I
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract.  An investigation was carried out on eleven different multinutrient blocks in the semi-arid region of Nigeria. Three crossbred steers fitted with permanent rumen cannula were used to evaluate the nutritional value of multinutrient blocks using the nylon bag techniques. A randomized design was employed to determine the ruminal degradability of multinutrients and their effect on rumen ecology. Approximately 5 g of the feed sample were weighed into duplicated nylon bags (45 µ pore size) and incubated ruminally at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h-post feeding.  The results showed that the mean values of the ruminal temperature (38.7oC) and pH (6.6) were not different among different incubation. All the multinutrient blocks recorded above 59% DM degradability at 48h period of incubation. The mean values for the potential degradation of the multinutrients were generally high and ranged from 83.2 to 95.8%. It was concluded that inclusion of multinutrients in the diet of ruminants result in a significant improvement in DM degradation in the rumen. Key words: digestibility, in vivo technique, multinutrient, ruminants Abstrak. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap sebelas blok multinutrisi berbeda di wilayah semi-gurun di Nigeria. Tiga sapi peranakan yang diberi pakan dengan “canula”  rumen permanen digunakan untuk mengkaji nilai nutrisi dari blok multinutrien menggunakan teknik kantung nilon. Rancangan acak digunakan untuk menentukan kecernaan ruminal multinutrisi dan pengaruhnya pada ekologi rumen. Kurang lebih 5 g sampel pakan ditimbang pada kantong nilon  duplikasi (ukuran pori-pori 45 µ) dan diinkubasi ruminal pada 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 dan 72 jam setelah pemberian pakan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rataan nilai suhu rumen (38,7oC) dan pH (6.6) tidak berbeda di semua inkubasi. Semua blok multinutrisi tercatat di atas 59% kecernaan BK pada 48 jam inkubasi. Nilai rataan degradasi potensial blok multinutrisi umumnya tinggi dan berkisar antara 83,2 sampai 95,8%. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan multinutrisi pada pakan ruminasia menghasilkan peningkatan signifikan pada kecernaan bahan kering di rumen. Kata kunci: kecernaan, teknik in vivo, multinutrisi, ruminan
Analysis of The Factors Motivating Dairy Farmers in The Southern Slope of Merapi Volcano to Return to Their Endangered Settlement Post Eruption 2010 Andarwati, S; Rijanta, R; Widiati, R; Opatpatanakit, Y
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the factors motivating dairy farmers in disaster-prone area (DPA) in the southern slopes of Merapi volcano to return to their endangered settlement, post 2010 eruption. The research samples, using census method, were dairy farmers in DPA III (Kaliadem hamlet) and DPA II (Gondang Wetan hamlet), both in Cangkringan district. Study site was a disaster-prone areas, directly affected  by Merapi eruption in 2010. Villages in the affected areas selected with consideration had the highest population of dairy cattles before the eruption of Merapi  2010 and was the closest village to the peak. Research conducted by the survey method. The results showed that the value of Hosmer and Lemeshow 0.909, so the model was declared fit to the data. Value Omnibus Tests of model coefficients 0.000, it was concluded that the independent variables were used together influence to the willingness of farmers to return to their endangered settlement,  post eruption 2010.   Nagelkerke R square value of 0.818, which means the ability of the independent variables were explained 81.8% the models.  Independent variables that  motivated the  desire of farmers to return to their endangered settlement  were: 1) dairy cattle ownership, 2) education, 3) culture and 4) information. Odds ratio value were respectively: 2.166 (dairy cattle ownership), 1.402 (education), 225.287 (culture) and 0.017 (information).  Cultural factors had the highest propensity value for motivating dairy farmers  to return to their endangered settlement post the eruption of 2010.Key words: motivate, endangered settlement, dairy farmers, southern slopes, Merapi volcano  Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keinginan peternak sapi perah di daerah rawan bencana di lereng selatan Gunungapi Merapi untuk kembali ke dusun asal mereka sebelum erupsi  2010. Sampel atau materi penelitian adalah peternak sapi perah di KRB III (Dusun Kaliadem) dan KRB II (Dusun Gondang Wetan). Kedua dusun termasuk wilayah Kecamatan Cangkringan. Pengambilan responden dilakukan menggunakan metode sensus. Lokasi penelitian merupakan daerah rawan bencana, yang secara langsung terkena dampak dari erupsi Merapi 2010. Desa di daerah bencana dipilih dengan pertimbangan memiliki populasi sapi perah terbanyak pada saat sebelum letusan Merapi 2010 dan merupakan desa terdekat dengan puncak Merapi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Hosmer dan Lemeshow 0,909 sehingga model dinyatakan fit dengan data. Nilai Omnibus Tests dari model coefficients 0,000, maka disimpulkan bahwa variabel bebas yang digunakan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap keinginan peternak untuk  kembali ke lokasi dusun semula sebelum erupsi 2010. Nilai Nagelkerke R2 0,818 yang artinya kemampuan variabel bebas menjelaskan model sebesar 81,8%. Variabel bebas yang berpengaruh terhadap keinginan peternak untuk kembali adalah: 1) kepemilikan sapi, 2) budaya, 3) informasi dan 4) pendidikan. Nilai  Odds Ratio berturut-turut sebesar 2,166 (kepemilikan sapi), 225,287 (budaya), 0,017 (informasi) dan 1,402 (pendidikan). Faktor budaya memiliki nilai kecenderungan yang tertinggi untuk mempengaruhi keinginan peternak untuk kembali ke dusun semula sebelum erupsi 2010.Kata kunci: keinginan kembali, peternak sapi perah, lereng selatan, gunungapi Merapi
Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation on Nutritional Values and L-Carnitin of Broiler Meat Maghfuri, M; Sudarman, A; Mutia, R
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. Fat is the source of energy and fatty acid in poultry nutrition but palm oil addition will increase fat and lower protein meat content. Proper diet manipulation can modify broiler meat nutrient content and increase its nutritional value. Essential and nonessential amino acid supplementation was reported to affect meat nutrient composition. This research was aimed to manipulate meat nutrient content by amino acid supplementation. Completely Randomized Design was assigned to six treatment and four replicates. Broilers were fed with treatment feed consisted of R0 (basal feed with 5% palm oil); R1 (basal feed + 0.25% glycine); R2 (basal feed + 0.25% taurine); R3 (basal feed + 15% total lysine and methionine basal feed); R4 (basal feed + 0.25% glycine + 0.25% taurine); R5 (basal feed + 0.25% glycine + 0.25% taurine +  15% total lysine and methionine of basal feed). Parameters observed were dry matter content, crude protein, crude fat and L-carnitine of meat. Meat nutrient content was subjected to anova followed by Tukey test for changes in variables, while descriptive statistics were used to analyzed L-carnitine. Result showed that amino acid supplementation significantly increased broiler dry matter and fat content but did not significantly affect protein content. L-carnitine decreased after amino acid supplementation except broilers fed with R5 ration. It can be concluded that broilers fed with R5 ration was the most nutritious due to high L-carnitine and meat protein but relatively low fat. Key words: amino acid, broiler, L-carnitine, meat nutrient content Abstrak. Lemak merupakan sumber energi dan sumber asam lemak pada nutrisi unggas, tetapi penambahan minyak sawit akan meningkatkan proporsi lemak dan menurunkan protein. Manipulasi yang tepat pada pakan ayam broiler dapat memodifikasi kandungan nutrien daging dan meningkatkan nilai nutrisinya. Suplemenasi asam amino esensial dan nonesensial dilaporkan dapat berpengaruh terhadap komposisi nutrien daging. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanipulasi kandungan nutrien daging dengan suplementasi asam amino. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Ayam broiler diberi pakan perlakuan yang terdiri dari R0 (ransum basal mengandung 5% minyak sawit); R1 (ransum basal + 0,25% glisin); R2 (ransum basal + 0,25% taurin); R3 (ransum basal + 15% total lisin dan methionin ransum basal); R4 (ransum basal + 0,25% glisin + 0,25% taurin); R5 (ransum basal + 0,25% glisin + 0,25% taurin + 15% total lisin dan methionin ransum basal). Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini meliputi bahan kering, protein kasar, lemak kasar dan L-karnitin pada daging. Kandungan nutrien daging dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi kemudian dilanjutkan uji Tukey apabila ada perbedaan yang muncul dalam peubah, sedangkan L-karnitin dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suplementasi asam amino meningkatkan kandungan bahan kering dan lemak daging, tetapi tidak berpengaruh pada kandungan protein daging. Kandungan L-karnitin daging sebagian besar turun dengan suplementasi asam amino, kecuali ayam yang diberi pakan R5. Disimpulkan bahwa kandungan daging ayam broiler yang diberi pakan R5 paling nutrisional karena mengandung L-karnitin daging dan protein tinggi dan relatif rendah lemak. Kata kunci : asam amino, ayam broiler, L-karnitin, kandungan nutrien daging
Performance Characteristics of Indigenous Turkeys Fed Indomie Waste Based Diets Ironkwe, Monica Ogochukwu; Esonu, Babington Onyemachi
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. This study evaluated the performance of turkey poults fed indomie waste based diet. A total of ninety six (96) local strain turkey poults were allotted to four dietary treatment in which indomie waste was used to replace maize at 0, 33.33, 66.67 and 100% levels, representing one to four treatments respectively. Each treatment was replicated three times with eight poults per replicate. The study which lasted for eight weeks was a completely randomized design experiment. Results showed that indomie waste significantly increased the average weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio. The cost of feed per kg decreased with increasing levels of indomie waste in the diet. The lowest cost was obtained at 66.67% inclusion level. It was evident that indomie waste could be incorporated into the diet of local strain turkey poults up to 66.67% level without any deleterious effect on the performance of the turkeys. There is also a concomitant reduction in feed cost per kg weight gain.   Key words: performance, characteristics, indigenous, turkey, indomie waste Abstrak. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi performa peternakan kalkun yang diberi pakan berbahan baku limbah indomie. Sejumlah 96 kalkun diberi empat pakan percobaan menggunakan limbah indomie untuk menggantikan tepung jagung pada level 0, 33.33, 66.67 dan 100%. Setiap percobaan diulang 3 kali menggunakan 8 kalkun. Penelitian selama delapan minggu menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah indomie secara nyata meningkatkan kenaikan bobot rata-rata dan rasio konversi pakan. Biaya pakan per kg menurun seiring meningkatnya asupan limbah indomie. Biaya terendah diperoleh pada tingkat 66.67%. Limbah indomie dapat digunakan pada pakan kalkun lokal hingga 66.67% tanpa ada efek negatif pada performa kalkun. Biaya pakan per kg bobot badan juga menurun. Kata kunci: performa, karakteristik, ternak lokal, kalkun, limbah indomie
Everyday Flux of Smallholder Beef Farming: System Overview of the Beef Farming Situation Under a Government Grant Setianto, Novie Andri; Cameron, D; Gaughan, J B
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. Smallholders dominate the beef farming in Indonesia. As a complex system, developing the smallholders need to be approached using a system thinking study. This study aimed to explore everyday activities of the smallholder beef farming which lead to an identification of any unfavorable conditions of the current situation. This is an initial step of a systems thinking approach. Descriptive study involving stakeholders of smallholder farmers group have been undertaken in KabupatenBanyumas and Banjarnegara. Descriptive analysis was performed, and a qualitative model was developed to mimic the current beef farming in both locations. Result showed that there is a growing tendency of shifting from breeding to fattening, buying and selling conditions were disadvantageous for smallholders, and the availability of grant encourage side-tracking behavior which confirmed in the model.  Key words: smallholders, beef farming, side-tracking, qualitative model, systems thinking Abstrak. Peternakan sapi di Indonesia didominasi oleh peternak kecil dalam sebuahsistem yang kompleks. Dibutuhkan pendekatan sistem untuk mempelajari sistemtersebut. Penelitianini bertujuan mengkaji aktivitas sehari-hari yang terjadi dalam sebuah sistem usaha peternakan sapi potong skala kecil untuk mengidentifikasi aktivitas yang berpotensi menjadi sumber permasalahan. Identifikasi permasalahan merupakan awal penting dari sebuah analisis sistem. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan melibatkan pemangku kepentingan yang terkait dengan sistem usaha peternakan sapi potong di Kabupaten Banyumas dan Banjarnegara. Data dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan pemodelan kualitatif. Penelitian menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan peternak untuk bergeser dari  pembibitan kearah penggemukan, praktik jual beli yang tidak berpihak pada peternak, dan kecenderungan bertambahnya side-tracker dengan meningkatnya hibah. Kata kunci: peternak kecil, peternakan sapi potong, side-tracking, pemodelan kualitatif, systems thinking
Nutrient Content of Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Silage Made with Various Additive and Modified Atmosphere in The Silo Widiyastuti, Titin; Hidayat, Nur; Indrasanti, Diana
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. During ensilage, anaerob condition must be controlled. Some methods of modified atmosphere in silo were analyzed to compare ensilage characteristics and silage product. So far, there is not been information on the atmosphere condition in the process of silage production. It encourages the researchers to evaluate the condition of ensilage process of Pennisetum purpureum by studying atmosphere modification in the silo and the effect of the usage of various additives in the process of silage production.   Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), molasses, L. acidophillus were used. The study was conducted with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 3x2 factorial pattern.  Atmosphere modification as the first factor consist of : (A0: silage with compaction (conventional) A1: silage with vacuum method, A2: silage with modified C02) and two kinds of silage additives as the second factor (B1: indirect additive (molasses); B2: direct additive (Lactic Acid Bacteria).  Each treatment combination was repeated 4 times. The objective of the research was to evaluate changes in nutrient content (protein, crude fiber, gross energy). The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance, then continued by Honest Significant Differences (HSD) test.  Based on the research results it can be concluded that the optimum ensilage can take place, either by compaction methods (conventional), vacuum and the addition of CO2. While the addition of molasses additive produces silage with better quality than the addition of L. Acidophillus inoculant. Key words: Modified atmosphere, additives, silage Abstrak. Kondisi anaerob harus dikontrol selama ensilase. Beberapa metode modifikasi atmosfir silo dianalisa untuk membandingkan ciri dan hasil ensilase. Sejauh ini belum ada informasi kondisi atmosfir dalam proses produksi ensilase. Hal ini mendorong peneliti untuk mengevaluasi kondisi proses ensilase Pennisetum purpureum dengan mempelajari modifikasi atmosfir silo dan dampak penggunaan bermacam zat tambahan dalam proses pembuatan ensilase. Rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum), molase, L. acidophillus digunakan dalam penelitian dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL)  3x2 pola  faktorial. Modifikasi atmosfir sebagai faktor pertama terdiri dari: (A0: silase dengan pemadatan (konvensional), A1: silase dengan metode vakum, A2: silase dengan modifikasi CO2) dan dua jenis silase tambahan sebagai faktor kedua: B1: tambahan langsung (molase); B2: tambahan langsung (Bakteri Asam Laktat). Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi perubahan dalam kandungan nutrisi (protein, serat kasar, energi kasar). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis variansi, dilanjutkan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ensilase optimal tercapai baik dengan metode pemadatan (konvensional), vakum, maupun penambahan CO2. Sedangkan tambahan molase menghasilkan silase dengan kualitas yang lebih baik daripada dengan  L. Acidophillus inoculant. Kata kunci: modifikasi atmosfir, zat tambahan, silase
Physiochemical and Organoleptic Features of Goat Milk Kefir Made of Different Kefir Grain Concentration on Controlled Fermentation Setyawardani, Triana; Rahardjo, Agustinus HD; Sulistyowati, Mardiati; Wasito, Samsu
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. Kefir contains bacteria and complex yeast in protein and polysaccharide matrix formed during anaerobic growth. Kefir fermentation uses kefir grains as starter. This research was aimed to evaluate the physiochemical and organoleptic composition of goat milk kefir made of different kefir grain concentration at controlled fermentation. Materials used were 27 litres of Ettawah crossbred (PE) milk and kefir grains. The experimental research was subject to Completely Randomized Factorial Design with nine combined treatments namely kefir grain concentrations (1, 3, and 5%) and controlled pH fermentation (5.5, 5.0, 4.5) with three repetitions. The observed variables were total solids (%), kefir proximate (%), alcohol level (%), kefir grain profile (SEM) and kefir organoleptic semi-trained panel. Result demonstrated that kefir total solids in all treatments and interactions were generally equal but significantly affected kefir alcohol level, kefir protein percentage, fat content and ash content. Hedonic scale showed that different kefir grain concentration and pH in fermentation significantly affected goat milk kefir texture, flavor and aroma. It was concluded that 1% kefir grain concentration and 4.5 pH in fermentation produced the lowest alcohol level or 0.283% and had the most preferable flavor and aroma based on rank test. Key words: kefir, concentration, fermentation, goat milk, kefir grains Abstrak. Kefir mengandung bakteri dan ragi kompleks dalam protein dan matrik polisakarida yang terbentuk selama pertumbuhan anaerobic. Fermentasi kefir menggunakan biji kefir sebagai starter. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji komposisi fisiokimiawi dan organoleptik kefir susu kambing yang terbuat dari biji kefir dengan konsentrasi berbeda pada fermentasi kontrol. Materi yang digunakan dua puluh tujuh liter susu kambing Peranakan Ettawah (PE) dan biji kefir. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan sembilan kombinasi perlakuan, yaitu konsentrasi biji kefir (1, 3, dan 5%) dan fermentasi pH kontrol (5.5, 5.0, 4.5) dengan tiga pengulangan. Peubah yang diamati adalah total padatan (%), perkiraan kefir (%), kadar alkohol (%), profil biji kefir (SEM) dengan panel organoleptik agak terlatih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total padatan kefir di semua perlakuan dan interaksi pada umumnya sama namun secara nyata mempengaruhi kadar alkohol kefir persentase protein kefir, kandungan lemak dan abu. Skala hedonik menunjukkan bahwa konsentrat biji kefir dan pH yang berbeda dalam fermentasi secara nyata mempengaruhi tekstur, rasa dan aroma kefir susu kambing. Disimpulkan bahwa 1% konsentrat biji kefir dan 4.5 pH dalam fermentasi menghasilkan kadar alkohol rendah atau 0.23% dan memiliki rasa serta aroma yang paling disukai berdasarkan uji peringkat. Kata kunci: kefir, konsentrat, fermentasi, susu kambing, biji kefir
Effect of Supplementation of Garlic Husk Extract to The Feed of Dairy Goats on The Fermentation Product and Ruminal Microbe Subagyo, Yusuf; Prayitno, Caribu Hadi
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 1 (2014): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. This study was designed to examine the effects of supplementation with husk extract of garlic (Allium sativum) in the feed of dairy goats containing sufficient amount of  organic minerals (Selenium, Chromium and Zinc) on the fermentation and microbes in the rumen. The materials used in this study were the rumen fluid of goat, goat ration composed of 60% grass, 35% tofu, and 5% concentrate (CP 11.90%, CF 28.57%, 60.94% TDN). The research method was experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments were tested, namely R0: control diet; R1: R0 + Cr + 1.5 ppm 40 ppm Zn lysinat + 0.3 ppm Se; R2: R1 + 15 ppm  of garlic husk extract (Allium sativum); R3: R1 + 30 ppm garlic husk extracts ; R4: R1 + 45 ppm  of garlic husk extrat; and R5: R1 + 60 ppm  garlic husk extract. The results showed that the treatment effect on a decrease in dry matter (DMD) and  organic matter digestibility (OMD), protozoa and total gas in total, however, there was an increase in total VFA concentrations. The treatment gave a linear response to the DMD, ie Y = 50.412 - 0.1651X  and OMD,  Y = -0.1768X + 50.319. However, in response VFA is cubic, with a line equation Y = 203.16 - 3.2646X + 0.2447X2- 0.0033X3. It culd be concluded that  supplementation of garlic husk extract and organic minerals can improve rumen fermentation with the best level at 25 ppm.Key words:  Garlic husk extract, micro minerals, rumen fermentation, dairy goat Abstrak.  Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengkaji pengaruh suplementasi ekstrak kulit bawang putih (Allium sativum) dalam pakan kambing perah yang tercukupi mineral organik (Selenium, Chromium dan Seng) terhadap hasil fermentasi dan mikroba  pada rumen. Materi yang digunakan adalah  cairan rumen kambing, ransum kambing yang tersusun atas 60% rumput gajah, 35% ampas tahu dan 5% konsentrat (PK 11,90%, SK 28,57%, TDN 60,94%). Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL).  Perlakuan yang diujicobakan yaitu R0: pakan kontrol; R1: R0 + 1,5 ppm Cr + 40 ppm Zn lysinat + 0,3 ppm Se; R2: R1 + 15 ppm ekstrak kulit bawang putih (Allium sativum); R3: R1 + 30 ppm ekstrak kulit bawang putih ; R4: R1 + 45 ppm ekstrak kulit bawang putih ; dan R5: R1 + 60 ppm ekstrak kulit bawang putih . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kecernaan bahan kering (KBK) dan kecernaan bahan organik (KBO), protozoa dan gas total, namun demikian terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi VFA total. Perlakuan memberikan respon linier  terhadap  Kecernaan Bahan Kering, yaitu Y = 50.412 - 0,1651X  dan  KBO, Y = -0,1768X + 50,319. Namun demikian pada  VFA   responnya adalah kubik, dengan persamaan garis Y = 203,16 – 3,2646X + 0,2447X2 – 0,0033X3.  Dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi ekstrak kulit bawang putih dan mineral organik dapat memperbaiki fermentasi rumen dengan level terbaik 25 ppm. Kata kunci : ekstrak kulit bawang putih, mineral mikro, fermentasi rumen 

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