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Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 26139456     EISSN : 25992570     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture publishes original articles, review articles, case studies and short communications on the fundamentals, applications and management of Sustainable Agriculture areas in collaboration with Indonesian Agrotechnology / Agroecotechnology Association (PAGI), Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network), and Indonesian Agricultural Higher Education Communication Forum (FKPTPI). This journal has two issues in a year and it will be published in April and October.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 17 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April" : 17 Documents clear
Improving the Management of Parthenium hysterophorus to Enhance Okra Production through the Application of Chemicals, Adjuvants and Plant Extract Blends in Pakistan Muhammad Adnan; Muhammad Sikander Hayyat; Qaisar Mumtaz; Muhammad Ehsan Safdar; Fazal ur Rehman; Haroon Ilahi; Koko Tampubolon
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.48215

Abstract

Vegetables are consequently experiencing great yield losses due to weed infestation. Weed management is extremely important for sustainable crop production in all cropping systems. This review paper aimed to provide general information and alternative recommendations for the management of Parthenium hysterophorus weed by chemicals, adjuvants and plant extracts in okra. Different strategies have been used to control parthenium, but no single management solution is sufficient to handle parthenium; hence, different management options need to be combined. Only an integrated approach will achieve effective control over this weed. In areas where parthenium natural enemies are absent, chemical control is an important method of managing this weed. In the control of this plant, the use of chemical herbicides such as chlorimuron ethyl, glyphosate, atrazine, ametryn, bromoxynil and metsulfuron are considered to be efficient. Moreover, various plants have allelopathic potential and attempts have been made to use them in parthenium control. Three allelopathic grasses, namely, Achyranthes aspera, Syzygium cumini and Acacia nilotica are able to minimize the plant growth and inhibit early seedling growth of exotic weed P. hysterophorus. The results recommend that the control of parthenium in okra and other summer vegetables using chemical herbicides with single and combination mode of action is still effective compared to the use of plant extracts. The use of herbicides by adding adjuvants has the potential to minimize the use of excessive herbicides.
Weed’s Vegetation Analysis of Centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban) Plantations Dian Susanti; Devi Safrina; Nur Rahmawati Wijaya
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.41269

Abstract

Centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban) originally is a wild plant that is being cultivated to be medicinal and cosmetics raw material. The process of centella cultivation is relatively easy and can be grown in a variety of altitudes. One obstacle in centella cultivation is weed growth. The proper handling of weeds in centella plantation requires data on the weed types and characteristics. This research aimed to determine the weed types and the amount of weed found in centella cultivation. Sampling was carried out purposively based on the presence of weeds in the cultivation area. Weed inventory was carried out using linear vegetation methods in 12 plantation beds of centella, with a size of 6 x 2 m2 each. Observations were made during weeding on one cropping season. Weed inventory was carried out by recording the number of species and number of individual weed and taking documentation of weeds that were recorded for identification purposes. Research data were analyzed by using vegetation analysis. The weed vegetation analysis on centella plantations showed that there were 35 species of weeds identified from 20 plant families. Cyperus rotundus L. dominates the weed vegetation in centella plantations because of its high adaptability and its allelochemical exudates. To sustainably cultivate the centella, proper techniques of weed controls need to be applied by considering the nature of Cyperus rotundus L.
Evaluation of Farms’ Sustainability According to Land Tenure in Mornag, Tunisia Gara, Anissa; Aounallah, Mohamed Karim; Ajabi, Dorra
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.43726

Abstract

In Tunisia the main objective of sustainable agriculture is to improve agricultural systems by creating more wealth and meeting the needs of the population without compromising those of future generations. It turned out that confusion and lack of clarity of ownership status of agricultural land would lead to instability in agricultural sustainability by having a negative impact on social and economic prosperity and environment preservation. Within this environmental concern, the current research constitutes an assessment of the level of sustainability of different farms in Tunisia where problems of land ownership still exist. The current research is based on the Farm Sustainability Indicators method (standing for: ‘Indicateurs de durabilité des exploitations agricoles or IDEA). This case study employed IDEA method which provides operational content to compare the sustainability concept at the farm level, based on the factor of ‘land tenure status’. In Tunisia, the lack of clear land ownership affects the output of agriculture that is why it is valuable to assess the impact of land properties status on farms’ agricultural sustainability. Hence, we distinguished two groups of farms: Private Farms (PF) (inherited from father to son) and Farming Enhancement Corporation (FEC) (state’s lands leased by farmers for many years). The results showed that land tenure has impact on farms sustainability. PF are more sustainable on both agro-ecological scale (49.2) and socio-territorial scale (48); compared to FEC (agro-ecological: 44.5 and socio-territorial: 46). PF favor integrated systems and the production of field crops and fodder crops and they attach greater importance to their employees’ training.
Improving Soya Bean Productivity for Poverty Alleviation and Food Security in Upper West Region of Ghana: A Resource Use Efficiency Analysis Asodina, Francis Akabo; Adams, Faizal; Nimoh, Fred; Wongnaa, Camillus Abawiera; Aidoo, Robert; Ohene-Yankyera, Kwasi
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.44311

Abstract

Soya bean is an important economic crop for smallholder farming systems in Upper West Region of Ghana. In spite of the introduction of modern and improved soya bean production technologies in Ghana, the productivity of the crop in the region is still low. Given that inefficient use of resources is a potential course of low yields, this study analyses the resource use efficiency of soya bean production. Using cross-sectional data collected from 271 soya bean farmers from the Upper West Region of Ghana, the study employed the Stochastic Frontier Translog Production Function as well as the ratio of Marginal Value Product to Marginal Factor Cost to understand the resource use efficiency of soya bean farmers in the region. The empirical results showed that the estimated coefficients of soya bean seeds, labor and farm size were significant and positively related to soya bean output even though fertilizer input was surprisingly significantly and negatively related to the output of soya bean. Also, resources employed in soya bean production were found not to be efficiently utilized as they were underutilized, indicating that yield and profit could be improved with optimal use of production inputs. Finally, the paper revealed that access to soya bean threshers is the most important constraint faced by farmers in the region. For the region’s soya bean yield to be improved, government and development organizations should assist soya bean farmers by removing major bottlenecks to acquisition of resources required for the production and postharvest handling of the crop.
Determinants of Compliance to Good Agricultural Practices among Cocoa Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria Nathaniel Siji Olutegbe; Abdullahi Oluwadamilola Sanni
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.44894

Abstract

Cocoa is one of Nigeria’s most important agricultural commodities due to its status as a source of foreign exchange earnings. However, low quality and hence low patronage of cocoa beans of Nigeria origin has reduced this fortune in recent years due mainly to non-adherence to Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) among farmers. The study therefore identified the determinants of compliance to GAP among cocoa farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria. A three-stage sampling procedure was used to select 20% (150) of cocoa farmers across randomly sampled cocoa-producing communities in Ondo State. Information was sourced using a well-structured, validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, mean and Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Majority of farmers had good knowledge of GAP. However, farmers were mostly faced with constraints such as high cost of agrochemicals and labor scarcity. Farmers rated economic benefits of GAP as high; while health and environmental benefits were rated low; with high acceptability of cocoa; utilization of soil organic matter and prevention of respiratory malfunctioning identified as top economic, environmental and health benefits, respectively. Although the general compliance was high across different GAP, practices to which farmers were least compliant were however of relatively high economic, health and environmental implications. Knowledge, perceived health and perceived economic benefits of GAP were important determinants of compliance. The extension unit of the Ondo State Ministry of Agriculture should prioritize sensitization and education of farmers on the economic, health and environmental benefits of GAP of cocoa in order to ensure profitability and sustainability of production.
The Psychological State of Farmers in the Agricultural Cultivation of Food Crops during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Java, Indonesia Rafika Nur Kusumawati; Kharisma Kusuma Wardani; Suntoro Suntoro
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.43638

Abstract

This research aims to discover the psychological state of farmers in the agricultural cultivation of food crops during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a descriptive explorative study which explores the farmers’ opinions regarding their agricultural activities during the COVID-19 pandemic which reached its peak between March and June 2020. During this period, a Large Scale Social Distancing (LSSD) system was enforced in some areas. The data collection was conducted in June 2020 before the implementation of the new normal, involving 634 respondents which spread across 40 districts throughout Java. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic period, almost all farmers continued to carry out their agricultural activities. Some farmers had implemented the health protocols. According to most farmers’ opinions, doing the agricultural activities made them healthier. With regard to COVID-19, most farmers behave normally, while the rest feel worried. Agricultural extension activities are constrained and hampered by the implementation of physical and social distancing, especially large-scale social restrictions. Seeing the psychological condition of the farmers, where most are continuing to cultivate food crops and only slightly worried about the COVID-19 pandemic, gave hope for the sustainability of agricultural production in the new normal period.
Sensory and Physicochemical Characteristics of Manyung (Arius thalassinus) Kekian High Fiber with the Addition of Eucheuma cottonii Seaweed Meisya Asri Widiyanti; Lukita Purnamayati; Romadhon Romadhon
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.41553

Abstract

Kekian is a processed product from fish meat added with seasoning, fillers and binders then formed and wrapped with tofu skin. Kekian has a low dietary fiber so that the addition of seaweed porridge can be used to increase the content of dietary fiber in kekian. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding different seaweed porridge (Eucheuma cottonii) to characteristics of manyung (Arius thalassinus) kekian and determine the best seaweed porridge to the best kekian fish characteristics. The research method used was experimental laboratories using a completely randomized design of one factor is concentration of the addition of porridge (0%, 20%, 30% and 40%) with 3 replications. Sensory value data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test, while tests of dietary fiber, air content, protein content, water holding capacity and gel strength were analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that the difference in the addition of seaweed porridge had a significant effect (P
Screening of Hybrid Jatropha curcas L. Genotypes for Drought Tolerant Abilities as a Source of Superior Variety Characteristics Erfan Dani Septia; Siti Rofidah; Sofyan Arief; Maftuchah Maftuchah
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.38634

Abstract

The scarcity of fuel oil in the future needs to be anticipated by preparing alternative energy. One of the alternative energy sources developed is Jatropha. However, the development of Jatropha should use marginal land as a cultivation area, like a dry land, because the food crops and horticulture use productive land for cultivation. Furthermore, Jatropha development through breeding is an effort to obtain superior varieties as biodiesel producers. This study aimed to determine the best phenotype characteristics of hybrid Jatropha plants as superior candidate trees. This research applied a descriptive qualitative method to determine the characteristics of Jatropha crossing results. The Jatropha characterization was conducted at the experimental garden of Kedung Pengaron Village, Kejayan Sub-district, Pasuruan Regency. The experimental garden was included dry land for Jatropha cultivation. The result showed ten selected genotypes of hybrid Jatropha were found, including 05.01.01, 05.01.02, 05.02.02, 05.02.09, 05.03.17, 05.03.16, 05.04.16, 05.04.15, 06.01.02, 06.01.15. These were based on the two-phase observations, consisting of vegetative and generative observations. The plants’ morphological characters were observed, comprising the stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. In the vegetative phase, diversity was found in the number of leaves, leaf length and age of flowering, while in the qualitative phase, the shoot colors were more diverse. Moreover, less variations were figured out in the color character of the petiole and the number of shoots. These ten genotypes of hybrid Jatropha are the best genotypes that are resistant to drought with selected agronomic characters.
An Analysis of Factors Influencing Indonesia’s Leading Agricultural Commodities Export to India Ibnu Muchtar Rosyidi; Heru Irianto; Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.39366

Abstract

Indonesia's trade balance to India had been decreasing since 2013. That has been affected by the downward trend in agricultural export value of Indonesia. This problem has raised Government’s attention to increase the export performance. This research aimed to analyze the determinants of Indonesia’s leading agricultural commodities export to India. Panel data regression model was explored to analyze secondary data of the range year 2001 to 2017. The factors examined in this study were India’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Rupiah exchange rate, export price of Indonesia agricultural commodities and India’s import tariff. Model testing used the Chow, Hausman and Lagrange tests to compare and select the best model. The determinant of the variables testing used statistical and classical assumption tests. The results showed that India’s real GDP per capita has positive influence to the export value which means an increase in the purchasing power of trading partners would increase the value of exports. The Rupiah exchange rate has negative influence to the export value which means that the depreciation of rupiah to dollar causes a decrease in the export value. The export price of Indonesia’s agricultural commodities have positive influence on the export value, however the tariff has no effect. The policy that can be suggested to the government is to provide support and encourage domestic producers to increase exports to India.
A Comparison of Economic Efficiency of Monoculture and Multiple Cropping Patterns: The Case of Cassava Farming in Ende, Indonesia Lanamana, Willybrordus; Supardi, Philipus Nerius
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.41784

Abstract

Nuabosi cassava is an alternative carbohydrate source for the community, which is expected to be a substitute for rice. This commodity has the potential to be developed, but is limited in resources, so it requires technological breakthroughs. This study aims at analyzing the level of technical, allocative and economic efficiency between the cassava cropping pattern and the factors that affect the efficiency. The research was conducted in Randotonda Village, from November 2019 to January 2020 and the samples consisted of 61 monoculture farmers and 46 multiple cropping farmers. Data analysis was performed using the Cobb-Douglass stochastic frontier production function. The allocative and economic efficiency was examined with the stochastic frontier cost function approach. The results of stochastic frontier estimation show that all variables have a positive effect on the production variable. The variables having a positive effect on the total cost include the price of cassava cuttings, the price of fertilizer, production and the dummy cropping pattern. The average level of economic efficiency of monoculture farmers is lower than that of multiple cropping farmers. Factors that affect economic efficiency are age, length of time to cultivate, frequency of obtaining information, dummy of farmer group membership and dummy of cropping patterns. In short, the level of technical, allocative and economic efficiency of monoculture farmers is lower than that of multiple cropping farmers. Farmers are expected to pay attention to the types of plants that are suitable in implementing the multiple cropping pattern.

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