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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013" : 7 Documents clear

Serapan Hara dan Peningkatan Produktivitas Jagung dengan Aplikasi Pupuk NPK Majemuk Kasno, A.; Rostaman, Tia
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

To increase corn yield, an optimum rate of fertilizer is needed. The aims of this study were to study the effect of the NPK compound fertilizer of 15-15-15 on maize yield and to quantify the NPK nutrients uptake. The study was conducted on Inceptisol dryland from December 2011 to April 2012. Completely randomized block design was used consisting of 8 treatments and 3 replications. The fertilizer doses were 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg/ha. Each treatment was added with 250 kg urea/ha. Hybrid corn of Pioneer 12 variety was planted on this experiment. The result showed that both NPK compound and single nutrients fertilizers produced the same yield of maize. The contribution of N nutrient was more pronounced than that of P2O5 or K2O for increasing the maize yield. The highest value of relative agronomic effectiveness was achieved by applying 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer at rate of 300 kg/ha plus 250 kg urea/ha. Fertilization of NPK increased the N uptake from 25 to 114 kg/ha, P nutrient from 9 to 51 kg/ha, and K nutrient from 12 to 66 kg/ha, and therefore increased grain yield. P and K nutrient uptake were stored in the grains higher than that in the stover. Uptake of N in the stover was relatively the same as that in the grains.

Keragaman Genetik Peronosclerospora maydis Penyebab Bulai pada Jagung Berdasarkan Analisis Marka SSR Muis, Amran; Pabendon, Marcia B.; Nonci, Nurnina; Waskito, Wahyu Purbowasito
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Downy mildew on maize in Indonesia had been reported infecting maize in all provinces and they are mostly caused by Peronosclerospora maydis, except in Sulawesi which is caused by P. philippinensis. The disease spreads very quickly because the conidia could be dispersed by the air movement. This study was aimed to determine the genetic diversity of the downy mildew pathogen in Indonesia using SSR markers, conducted from April to October 2012. The pathogens were sampled by collecting plants infected by downy mildew from Aceh, North Sumatra, Lampung, West Kalimantan, West Java, East Java and South Sulawesi. The SSR analysis results showed that the genetic similarity coefficient among the 67 isolates were quite high and the isolates formed three clusters, i.e. clusters A, B, and C and two sub-clusters within cluster A based on UPGMA, which were fairly obvious grouping of isolates based on conidial morphology. The sub-cluster A1, conidia shape was similar to that of P. philippinensis from South Sulawesi geographical area. The sub-cluster A2, conidia shape was similar to that of P. maydis from East Java, West Kalimantan, and Lampung. Cluster B consisted collection of pathogen DNA from specific areas, namely Aceh, Toraja and Simalungun (North Sumatra). Cluster C which formed conidia resemble to that of P. sorghi, derived from Langkat (North Sumatra) and Bogor (West Java).

Pengaruh Aplikasi Rizobakteri dan Pupuk Fosfat terhadap Produktivitas dan Mutu Fisiologis Benih Jagung Hibrida Hipi, Awaludin; Surahman, Memen; Ilyas, Satriyas; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize productivity could be improved by using good quality of seed of high yielding hybrid varieties. The objective of this research was to study the effect of rhizobacteria and P fertilizer on physiological quality of maize hybrid seed and maize productivity. The experiment was conducted at Lembar Village, West Lombok District, West Nusa Tenggara Province and at Seed Science and Technology Laboratory IPB from April to December 2012. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plot was P fertilizer (untreated, 50 kg, 100 kg, 150 kg, and 200 kg SP36/ha), and the subplot was rhizobacteria treatments (untreated, rhizobacteria B42, and rhizobacteria ATS4). The results showed that application of 100 kg SP36/ha increased maize yield compared to that of unfertilized. Rizhobacteria ATS4 increased plant height and productivity of maize. Application of ATS4 rhizobacteria followed by 100 kg SP36/ha fertilizer increased the percentage of good quality seeds. Application of rhizobacteria could reduce the use of SP36 fertilizer up 50% of the recommended rate. Rizobakteri ATS4 and fertilizer P 100 kg SP36/ha increased the physiological quality of harvested seeds after four month storage at 21-25oC temperature and 53-62% relatif humidity.

Identifikasi Varietas Contoh untuk Karakter Penciri Spesifik sebagai Penunjang Harmonisasi Pengujian BUSS Padi Sitaresmi, Trias; Yunani, N.; Zakki, K. A.F.; Mulsanti, Indria W.; Utomo, Sudibyo T.W.; Daradjat, A. A.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

DUS testing (distinctness, uniformity, stability) for a new variety is required for plant variety protection, using international standard method stated on the test guideline. Identification of specific traits needs to be done, in order to obtain stable characters that are valid to be used as standard variety to represent appearance of class-specific characters. This study aims to 1) evaluate specific/asteric characters (*) according to UPOV descriptors; 2) Identify genotypes that can be used as standard varieties for the appearance of specific characters in the process of harmonization of DUS testing among rice producing countries in Southeast Asia. Activities included characterization of 56 genotypes of irrigated and upland rice and were carried out at the Experimental Station of Indonesian Center for Rice Research in Sukamandi, West Java, from September 2011 to January 2012. Observation of plant characters was based on PPU. The result showed that from 43 of class expression of asteric qualitative characters (*), only 28 class expressions were identified in the materials. The characters class expressions are represented by 25 genotypes/varieties. Another eleven more characters asteric (character essential for the harmonization of test results for the PVP), which were not represented by the candidate sample varieties in this study need to identified.

Gulma Inang Virus Tungro dan Kemampuan Penularannya ke Tanaman Padi Ladja, Fausiah
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Tungro disease in rice (Oryza sativa Linn) is caused by rice tungro virus (RTV), which consists of two forms of particles, namely Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus and Rice Tungro Spherical Virus. The virus is effectively transmitted by green plant hopper (Nephotettix virescens). The alternate hosts for the virus in the paddy field are the remnant of rice shoot, weeds and wild rice. The research was conducted at green house and at Field Experiment of Virus Research Station in Lanrang South Sulawesi, during Wet Season of 2010. Total of twenty weed species dominant in the rice field were collected and were innoculated with tungro virus. Weed species capable as alternate host of tungro virus were used as source of inoculums for the four rice varieties, i.e. Inpari 7, Inpari 8, IR64, and TNI, and they were planted surrounding the rice test varieties. The experiment was laid in a randomized block design, four replicates. Result showed that among the fifteen weed species identified as alternate host, only four were capable of transmiting tungro virus to rice plant, namely Cyperus rotundus, Phyllanthus niruri, Fimbristylis miliaceae, and Eulisine indica. Tungro disease severity was positively correlated with the population of insect vector.

Tanggap Varietas Kacang Hijau terhadap Cekaman Salinitas Taufiq, Abdullah; Purwaningrahayu, Runik Dyah
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The response of mungbean varieties to salinity stress was evaluated using pot experiment in green house at Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute in Malang from July to September 2012. Two factors of sixty treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design, replicated four times. The first factor was six water salinity levels, namely check (ECw 0.5 dS/m), 4.0, 7.1, 10.1, 13.1, and 15.8 dS/m. The second factor was ten mungbean varieties, namely Vima 1, Kutilang, Sampeong, Perkutut, Murai, Kenari, Sriti, Merpati, Betet, dan Walet. Data collection consisted of grain yield and yield components, plant biomass, chlorophyll content index (CCI), plant height, leaf area, and relative water content of leaf (RWC). The results showed that increasing water salinity increased soil salinity (ECs). Increasing salinity did not significantly affect total leaf area per plant, but significantly reduced root dry weight, CCI, number of filled pods, pods and seed dry weight per plant, and weight of 100 grains. Those variables were reduced by 11% to 37% at ECs of 2.65 dS/m. Plant height decreased by 10%, shoot dry weight by 22% and leaf relative water content by 10% at ECs of 6.27, 3.29 and 8.81 dS/m, consecutively. Chlorophyll content index, grain yield and yield components were more sensitive to salinity stress than were plant height, shoot biomass, and leaf area. Based on grain yield reduction, there was different salinity tolerance among the mungbean varieties tested. Vima 1 variety was tolerant up to ECs of 6.40-12.49 dS/m. Murai, Kenari, Sriti, and Betet varieties were tolerant up to ECs of 2.87-5.68 dS/m. Kutilang, Sampeong, Perkutut, Merpati, and Walet varieties were tolerant up to ECs of 1.79-2.65 dS/m. There was no indication that the degree of tolerance of these varieties related to Na and K content in the shoot and root of the plant at 37 days after planting. The critical ECs value for mungbean varietal testing was 1.79-2.65 dS/m.

Pengaruh Teknik Pemberian Kapur terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai pada Lahan Kering Masam Subandi, Subandi; Wijanarko, Andy
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Acidic upland intended for soybean development areas must be limed to improve its soil fertility. The targeted soil is the root zones around 30 cm depth for soybean to decrease the level of acidity. The study was carried out in Sukadana, East Lampung Province, to determine the effect of lime application technique to the growth and yield of soybean in acidic upland. The experiment was conducted for two years (2009 and 2010). The experiment in 2009 used randomized complete block design to study four rates of lime, based on the calculation to decrease the exchangeable Al to 20%. Two weeks after lime was incorporated into the soil, soybean (Wilis variety) was planted, and bassal fertilizer of 300 kg NPK/ha was applied. In the 2010 experiment, each previous treatment plot was divided into two plots of the same size: one was treated with no lime to study the effect of the lime residue, and the second plot was limed as maintenance at rate of 25% of lime applied in the 2009 experiment. Soybean (Anjasmoro Variety) was planted, with bassal fertilizer of 2,5 t chicken manure + 300 kg SP18 + 300 kg NPK + 50 kg urea + 50 kg KCl/ha. Soil tillage to a depth of 30 cm on the no limed plots had decreased the growth and grain yield of soybean compared to those of soil tillage to a depth of 15 cm. Liming at 15 and 30 cm to the uppermost soil layer in 2009 increased the growth and yield of soybean, however the yield was not yet optimum. In the 2010 experiment, soybean grew optimally, yielded 2.67 t and 2.71 t/ha for lime treatments of 15 and 30 cm soil depth, respectively. To obtain high yield of soybean in the acidic uplands, it is suggested to lime on to the uppermost 15 cm soil layer using rate of lime to decrease the exchangable Al to 20% in the first year, and applying an additional lime in the following year at 25% of the first year rate.

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