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Civil Engineering Dimension

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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14109530 EISSN : 1979570X DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 466 Documents

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STUDI TENTANG DAKTILITAS STRUKTUR PADA SISTEM SHEARWALL FRAME DENGAN BELT TRUSS Pamuda Pudjisuryadi; Debby Kurnia Dewi; Adi Susanto; Benjamin Lumantarna
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Previous researches have shown that belt truss could function very well as (virtual) outrigger in the elastic region, the non-linear behaviour of the structural system has not been studied. In this study the performance of a 30 story shearwall-frame-belt truss structure which is designed using structural ductility equal to 3.75 is evaluated using dynamic nonlinear time history analysis. The earthquake loads used are spectrum consistent acceleration in accordance to the Indonesian Earthquake Code, SNI 03-1726-2002 modified from the North-South components of El Centro, May 18, 1940 with return periods of 27, 67, 135, 260, 500, and 1050 years. It is shown that for the structure considered in this study, a structural ductility of 3.75 could not be used, since some structural elements fail (damage index > 1) at 135 years return period. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa belt truss dapat berfungsi dengan baik sebagai (virtual) outrigger, tetapi penelitian-penelitian tersebut hanya meninjau prilaku elastis dan belum meninjau prilaku nonliner struktur akibat gempa besar. Dalam penelitian ini prilaku nonliner sebuah struktur shearwall-frameâbelt truss 30 tingkat yang direncanakan dengan daktilitas struktur sebesar 3.75, dievaluasi menggunakan analisis dinamis non-linier riwayat waktu. Rekaman gempa yang digunakan sebagai beban adalah gempa El Centro 18 Mei 1940 komponen North â South yang dimodifikasi agar mempunyai respons spectrum sesuai dengan SNI 03-1726-2002 dengan periode ulang 27, 67, 135, 260, 500 dan 1050 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk struktur yang ditinjau, daktilitas struktur 3.75 tidak dapat digunakan, karena pada gempa dengan periode ulang 135 tahun, beberapa elemen struktur telah mencapai damage index lebih dari satu (melewati batas safety limit state).

Towards Improving Performance of the Construction Industry in Ghana: A SWOT Approach Boadu Elijah Frimpong; Riza Yosia Sunindijo; Cynthia Wang
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020): MARCH 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The construction industry is the second largest contributor to GDP and a significant driver of economic activities in Ghana. Given the importance of the construction industry in boosting the national economy, it is essential to develop effective strategies to keep improving the performance of the industry. To achieve this aim, this research conducted the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of the Ghanaian construction industry. Underpinned by the SWOT analysis, strategic recommendations are provided to minimise the weaknesses and neutralise the threats that confront the industry, while taking advantage of the strengths and exploiting the opportunities presented to it. These include investment to facilitate innovation and growth, human resource development, development and enforcement of policy and standards, and conducive procurement practice. The recommendations are expected to provide practical and theoretical directions to the industry’s stakeholders on effective ways to improve the industry’s performance.

Digital Image Correlation for Cement-based Materials and Structural Concrete Testing Asdam Tambusay; Benny Suryanto; Priyo Suprobo
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020): MARCH 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This paper presents the application of a low-cost digital image correlation (DIC) system for automated crack mapping. The system employed makes use of a conventional digital camera, a remote image recording controller, and an open-source digital image correlation MATLAB software Ncorr. To showcase the potential of the proposed system, two case studies involving general structural and material testing were undertaken. In the first series, the DIC system was used to study the fracture processes in a reinforced concrete beam and to investigate the influence of key input parameters on the spatial quality of strain maps obtained from the DIC analysis. In the second series, the application of the DIC method was expanded to assist in the study of complex multiple micro-crack formations in ductile cement composite testing. It is shown that the strain maps obtained from the DIC technique have a close resemblance to the actual crack patterns

Numerical Model for High Relative Capacity of Tensegrity Cable Domes Nacer LOGZIT; Khelifa KEBICHE
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020): MARCH 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The tensegrity cable domes are a type of structures composed of compressed bars and tensioned cables. They are characterized by an exceptional innovation in terms of lightness. Research in this area is booming towards multiple applications. In the absence of an approach linking design by dimensioning, this article aims to propose a procedure for verifying the design while seeking a better lightness of the structure. The article uses the novelty of the methods applied for this kind of structure, using the hypothesis of geometric nonlinearity, to find the best solution, verifying all the sizing criteria. Through an example of a simple cables dome, we have shown the feasibility of this approach. The shape of the triangles forming the basis of design, have a direct relationship on the relative capacity, this last has been significantly improved, This method can easily be applied to other examples of more complex cables domes.

Flexural Strength Behaviour of Apa (Afzeliabipindensis) Reinforced Stabilized Lateritic Soil Beam Philip Baki OZIGI; Lawrence Zahemen TULEUN; Alao Abdullahi JIMOH
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020): MARCH 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This paper reports on the flexural strength behaviour of Apa reinforced stabilized lateritic soil beams. The potential of using timber as a reinforcement material is because timber is abundant, cheap and locally available compared to conventional steel. Apa timber possess a tensile strength of 68.34 N/mm2. Experimental and Finite Element Analysis using ANSYS 15 were carried out to determine the flexural strength of Apa reinforced lateritic soil beams. The results showed an increase in the load-bearing capacity with increase in the percentage area of Apa reinforcement used in Lateritic soil beams. BS 8110-1:1997 requires that area of reinforcement for beams should not exceed 4%. At 4 percent area, the flexural strength of the Apa reinforced lateritic soil beams (ALB) was 0.763 N/mm2 with corresponding load capacity of 3.435 kN which is slightly higher than the steel reinforced lateritic soil beams (SLB) of 0.740 N/mm2 with corresponding load capacity of 3.329 kN obtained in the report

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Using Rapid Visual Screening: Case Study of Educational Facility Buildings of Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia Yanuar Haryanto; Hsuan-Teh Hu; Ay Lie Han; Banu Ardi Hidayat; Arnie Widyaningrum; Prisca Evelyn Yulianita
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020): MARCH 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Earthquakes are natural phenomena occurring in various parts of the globe. Severe earthquakes caused substantial loss of life and property when nearly populated districts. Although some progress has been made in the area of seismic prediction, earthquakes in time, magnitude or location can not be estimated correctly. The primary method of reducing casualties is therefore to build seismic resistant structures. Current earthquakes show that the old houses, which are not intended to withstand earthquakes, have been harmed rather than the structures intended according to seismic regulations. Many current structures in Indonesia were intended only without seismic provisions to withstand the gravity loads. There is a need to study these buildings' vulnerability in order to prevent a severe danger. A Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) technique is conducted in this study to determine a Final Level 1 Score, SL1, for Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia’s educational facility buildings. In nine constructions situated in Purwokerto and Purbalingga, the method was implemented. Moreover, the final SL1 score is an estimate of the collapse probability if an earthquake occurs with ground motions called the maximum considered earthquake targeted risk, MCER. These score estimates are based on restricted observed and analytical information, thus the probability of collapse is therefore an approximation.

Introducing a Novel Digital Elevation Model Using Artificial Neural Network Algorithm Saeed Behzadi; Amin Jalilzadeh
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 22 No. 2 (2020): SEPTEMBER 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Elevation is a basic information of the earth, and different elevation models are provided to better understanding the earth and its different functions. However, it is not always possible to conduct a comprehensive survey in big areas and calculate all surface points. The best way is survey some points, then the elevation estimation is done using these points in each part of study area. The purpose of this paper is to use interpolation methods to estimate elevation. In such cases, different methods are used to interpolate and estimate points with an uncertain height. In this paper, the three usual methods are chosen and introduced then their performance are compared. These methods including: Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), the Krige method or Kriging, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The results show that Artificial Intelligence with RMS = 5.9m is better in compare to Kriging with RMS = 7.2 and IDW with RMS = 9. The obtained result presents that in despite of its convenience, ANN provides DEMs with minimum errors.

Promoting Precipitation Technique using Bio-Chemical Grouting for Soil Liquefaction Prevention Heriansyah Putra; Hideaki Yasuhara; Naoki Kinoshita; Muhammad Fauzan
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020): MARCH 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The applicability of bio-chemical grouting as the environmentally friendly and economically method for liquefaction remediation was evaluated. Several combinations of organic and in-organic precipitations methods were conducted to obtain the optimum grouting solution. Organic precipitation method employs a bio-agent of urease enzyme to dissociate urea into ammonium and carbonate ions. The produced carbonate ions are precipitated as calcite crystals in the presence of calcium ions. Meanwhile, the in-organic methods were performed using chemical compounds only, without the bio-agent. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed to evaluate the applicability of the grouting solutions for improving the soil strength. Grouting solution is injected into the prepared sand samples. The sand samples with a relative density of 50% were treated with one and two PV for 3-day curing times. The experimental results showed that the organic precipitation method produced the high precipitated amount and resulted in the significant improvement in the strength of the treated sand. The presence of the precipitated materials within the grains of soil generated the strength of 272 kPa. The results of this study have elucidated that the organic precipitation method composed of calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, urea and enzyme of urease may be an alternative soil-improvement technique to prevent the liquefaction susceptibility.

Utilization of Phosphoric Acid and Lime for Stabilizing Laterite for Lateritic Bricks Production Adekemi Loretta AYODELE; Adefemi Daniel Adekoya; Abdulhalim Oshioke Mohammed; Ayowande Oluwatosin
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 23 No. 1 (2021): MARCH 2021
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This study investigates the use of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and lime in stabilizing lateritic soil for lateritic bricks production. Varying percentages (0, 2, 4 and 6%) of 1 M H3PO4, 5% lime and their combinations were mixed with lateritic soil for stabilization purpose. Hollow bricks were produced from the different mixes. The bricks were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days under ambient air condition. The compressive strength (fc), bulk density (pb), dry density (pd) and water absorption rate were determined at each of the curing days while the modulus of rupture (fr) and pH were determined after 28 days. The results show a maximum fc of 0.93 N/mm2 and 0.87 N/mm2 were obtained at 5% and 4% H3PO4 stabilization. The maximum pb and pd of 15.2 kN/m3 and 14.9 kN/m3 respectively were obtained at 4% H3PO4 stabilization. The maximum fr of 0.2 N/mm2 was obtained at combined 4% H3PO4 and 5% lime stabilization while none of the bricks passed the water absorption test.

Improving Geopolymer Characteristics with Addition of Poly-Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fibers Januarti Jaya Ekaputri; Chikako Fujiyama; Nobuhiro Chijiwa; Tu Dac Ho; Hung Thanh Nguyen
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 23 No. 1 (2021): MARCH 2021
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This paper presents the benefits of PVA fibers in improving the mechanical properties of class F fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete. The activator used in the geopolymer was 8M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), with a mass ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH varied from 1.5 to 2.5. Cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm were prepared for mechanical strength tests. The PVA fibers in the geopolymers were fixed at 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% by total volume. Some mechanical tests were carried out, including compression, splitting, direct tensile and elastic modulus tests. It was found that the mixture with a ratio of alkalis of 1.5 and the PVA fiber content of 0.4% had the best workability. The highest compressive strength was obtained in a mixture with alkali activator ratios of 1.5 and 2.0, and with 0.6% fiber addition. The ratio of the tensile (and splitting-tensile) strength to compressive strength was found to increase with the certain amount of PVA fibers and the ratio of the alkali activators. The workability issue and fiber direction in the concrete were the dominant factors influencing the properties of geopolymer concrete.

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