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FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR STUDY: ANALYZING THE BATAK PROVERB "DALIHAN NATOLU" FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR Rahmawati Rahmawati; Arwin Tannuary; Herman Herman; Arisdani Elman Situmorang; Yuni Enjelina Napitupulu; Dewi Kristina Hutapea; Silvia Sherina Pangaribuan; Elina Rosa Sihotang
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11767

Proverbs that represent their values and perspective are part of the rich cultural legacy of the Batak people of North Sumatra, Indonesia. "Dalihan Natolu" (translates as "The Three Hearth Stones") is one such proverb. This proverb is an important part of Batak social structure and values, which makes it a valuable topic for linguistic study. The "Dalihan Natolu" proverb is examined in this study using the Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) theoretical paradigm. SFG is a linguistic approach that examines the ways in which language is employed to create meaning and depict the outside world. We can learn more about the grammatical and semantic elements of the "Dalihan Natolu" proverb that contribute to its cultural importance by using SFG to analyze it. The ideational, interpersonal, and textual meta functions of SFG are the three main areas of analysis. The proverb's representation of experiences and construction of reality are examined by the ideational meta function. The interpersonal meta function looks at how the proverb conveys the speaker's position and enacts social interactions. The textual meta function looks at the proverb's method of arranging ideas to create a logical and cohesive message. The study's goal is to identify the language structures and patterns that underlie the cultural significance and symbolic force of the "Dalihan Natolu" adage through this in-depth investigation. Understanding the proverb from the standpoint of Systemic Functional Grammar helps us to better grasp the richness and complexity of Batak cultural expression as well as its applicability in the contemporary era. The results of this work advance the field of linguistic analysis of cultural artefacts and the academic understanding of Batak language and culture. In light of the swift advancements in social and technological spheres, the knowledge acquired can also contribute to the preservation and promotion of Batak cultural heritage.

AN ANALYSIS ON ESP STUDENTS’ ONLINE LEARNING NEEDS: BASIS FOR DEVELOPING A TAILORED ONLINE LEARNING PLATFORM Fitria Rahmawati; Dewanti Ratna Pertiwi; Sittie Noffaisah B. Pasandalan
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11771

This study aims to analyze the needs of Adisutjipto-Aerospace Institute of Technology (ITDA) Yogyakarta students on online learning as the basis for the creation of an online learning platform. The research focused on and investigated 1) how students perceive the implementation of synchronous and asynchronous online learning in terms of content and structure; and 2) the students' learning needs regarding learning mode and activity, teacher aspect, and technical aspect of the online learning implementation. A survey design and a questionnaire were employed for a total of 146 students from one Mechanical Engineering class and three Aerospace Engineering classes who were all enrolled in an English course. The number of samples taken from the entire population was 119, with a confidence level of 5% and randomly selected. It was found that the three most important aspects in online learning are that of teachers with a mean value of 3.266 (very high), followed by learning content and structure (mean value of 3.153) and technical (mean value of 3.127) which are high. The research revealed in an online learning platform, teachers have a crucial role in the learning process of the students and in having a holistic online learning implementation. The results became the basis for further developing the content and structure of ITDA’s online learning platform, ELENA.

METAPHOR SYMBOLS IN MA’PANDAN RITUAL: A SEMIOTIC STUDY OF ROLAND BARTHES Zakaria Zakaria
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11772

Abstract: The ma'pandan ritual is a traditional funeral ceremony in Sumarorong district, Mamasa regency. This ritual is one of the religious rituals of the adherents of the aluktodo belief. The communication system heavily utilizes metaphorical symbols and contains myths. These metaphorical symbols are believed to hold sacred value by their adherents and are strictly prohibited from being violated. In the process, these symbols play a crucial role in establishing the order of ritual actions. This study aims to analyze and explain the system of linguistic signs and the construction of myths in metaphorical symbols derived from the ideology of the aluktodolo belief. This research is qualitative, using Barthes' semiotic approach and participatory data collection techniques. The results of the study found that the procedure for analyzing the sign system to uncover the myths behind these metaphorical symbols goes through three stages of constructing the attributes of the sign system, namely, the attributes of signifier and signified at the denotative level, the connotative level and on the mythological level. In addition, the ideological myths constructed in these metaphorical symbols are derived from the beliefs of aluktodolo and the obedience of aluktodolo adherents to the existence of puang matua as the creator of the universe and life, the existence of deata as the protector of the cosmos and life, and humans themselves as the inhabitants of the cosmos. Conclusion: Barthes' semiotic theory can analyze and explain the meanings of the myth of the metaphorical symbols used in the ma'pandan ritual. Keywords: ma'pandan; semiotics; symbol; myth; ideological myth.

A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS FOR TENTH-GRADE STUDENTS ‘BAHASA INGGRIS: WORK IN PROGRESS’ AND ‘ENGLISH IN MIND BOOK 3’ Homanfil Atori Nurislami Wilman; Desvalini Anwar
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11773

This study evaluates English textbooks used in Indonesian high schools to determine their alignment with curriculum standards and their effectiveness in supporting language acquisition. Using document analysis, textbooks were assessed based on key criteria, including aims and approaches, design and organization, language content, skills development, topics and cultural representation, and practical considerations. A Likert-scale rating (1–4) was applied to quantify evaluation results. The findings highlight strengths and weaknesses in locally produced textbooks compared to internationally published materials, emphasizing the need for improvements in cultural inclusivity, skills integration, and real-life applicability. The results provide valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and policymakers in selecting and enhancing English learning resources. Additionally, the study serves as a reference for future research on textbook evaluation, particularly in adapting global materials to local educational contexts. By identifying gaps and providing recommendations, this research contributes to the continuous development of high-quality textbooks that align with national and international standards, ultimately improving English language education in Indonesia.

INVESTIGATING AND CORRELATING STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS, INTERESTS, AND ATTITUDES TOWARD THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING THROUGH YOUTUBE VIDEO PROJECT IN LEARNING ENGLISH Bidzlamira Dita Centrisia; Khoirul Anwar; Nirwanto Maruf
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11793

Abstract - This study aims to examine and correlate students’ perceptions, interests, and attitudes toward implementing Project-Based Learning (PjBL) through YouTube video projects in English language learning. Using a mixed-methods design, this study combined quantitative data from questionnaires with qualitative data from semi-structured interviews. Participants consisted of 70 eleventh-grade students from SMAN 1 Pacitan who had been involved in YouTube-based PjBL activities during English language teaching. The questionnaire was designed to assess three main constructs: perceptions (cognitive, affective, conative), interests (individual, situational, topic-based), and attitudes (cognitive, affective, behavioral). Prior to data analysis, the instrument was subjected to validity and reliability tests. All items were deemed valid based on the item-total correlation value, and the reliability analysis yielded a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.976, indicating excellent internal consistency. The findings revealed that students generally responded positively to the integration of YouTube-based PjBL, considering it an innovative and engaging approach that increased their motivation and participation in English language learning. Students also reported increased interest, particularly in producing creative content and collaborating with peers. Attitudinal responses indicated greater confidence, enjoyment, and willingness to communicate in English. Overall, the implementation of YouTube video projects within a PjBL framework proved effective in fostering a more dynamic and student-centered English learning environment. The study suggests that the integration of digital media, when aligned with project-based methodologies, has significant potential to enrich language teaching and enhance 21st century skills.

INVESTIGATING THE USE OF CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING ON STUDENTS’ WRITING RECOUNT TEXT: A CASE ON TEACHING METHOD Vitalia Hanako Murni Simanjuntak; Indah Sari; Daniel Frengki Kamengko; Isry Laila Syathroh; Erti Manurung; Herman Herman; Nguyen Van Thao
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11794

This research was designed to find the effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning on student’s writing recount text at grade ten of SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar. To answer the problems the researchers used theories such as Berns & Erickson (2001), Harmer (2004), Knapp and Watkins (2005). The study employed a quantitative research design. As an experimental investigation, its goal was to determine whether the implemented method had any impact on the subject. In this research, in collecting the data the researchers had to do three steps: pre-test, treatment, post-test. The researchers discovered that CTL has a significant impact on students' ability to write recount texts. This is evident from the post-test scores of the experimental class, where the writer applied the CTL treatment. After calculating the data, the researchers found the mean of experimental class was 76,76 and the mean of control class was 61,83. The calculation of t-test, the total t- obtained value of the research is 4.63 with the degree of freedom (df) was (30+30)-2=58 and level of significant 2.5% (0.025), so the value table of t-table was 2.00. It shows that t- obtained value is higher than t-table (4.63> 2.00). Therefore, the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the Null Hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. It means that Contextual Teaching and Learning was more significant than Grammar Translation Method in writing recount text at grade ten of SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar.

STUDENTS’ TECHNIQUES IN TRANSLATING “EUPHEMISM” FROM ENGLISH TO INDONESIAN AT STKIP INSAN MADANI AIR MOLEK Fathur Rizqy Az; Havid Ardi
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11795

Students in the English Department are being prepared to become future translators. Therefore, they must be capable of translating various types of texts. The source of data involved sixth-year students in the academic year 2023/2024 in STKIP Insan Madani Air Molek. The researcher selected purposively sixth-year students as because they were assumed to be taken into translation courses. This research aims to analyze the students' translation techniques related to euphemism. This research is conducted through translation assessment and the identification of techniques during the translation process. This research employs a qualitative method to understand the phenomenon being examined deeply and to provide comprehensive insights into the research. The research findings indicate that students used eight translation techniques in translating euphemism texts. These translation techniques include: each one is ranked from the most frequently used to the least used: Adaptation 13 times/12.38%, Amplification 15 times/14.28%, Calque 52 times/49.52%, Compensation 1 time/0.95%, Discursive Creation 1 time/0.95%, Generalization 6 times/5.71%, Literal Translation 14 times/13.33%, and Modulation 4 times/3.80%.

MODALITY IN MALAY LANGUAGE IN KAMPUNG TUA TANJUNG RIAU BATAM Hilda Safitri; Siti Ainim Liusti
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11812

This study aims to describe the types and functions of modality in Malay language used by the people of Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau, Batam, in daily interaction and communication. The approach used is qualitative with descriptive method. The data is in the form of community speech containing modality, obtained through free listening, recording, and note-taking techniques. Data validity was tested through triangulation, and analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that people use four types of modality, namely intensional, epistemic, deontic, and dynamic. Intentional modality is the most dominant type, especially in the meaning of volitional. In addition, three main functions of modality in community communication were found. This finding indicates that people consciously utilize modality as an important part of interaction. The conclusion of this study states that modality has a central role in the communication system of the community of Kampung Tua Tanjung Riau. Tanjung Riau Malay language has a distinctive and rich modality system, which reflects the culture and way of thinking of its speakers. This research is expected to be a contribution to the preservation and development of regional linguistic studies, as well as a reference for further research in the field of local language and culture.

DIRECTING LEARNING THROUGH LANGUAGE: AN ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS' DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN INDONESIAN HIGH SCHOOL CLASSROOMS Meri Susanti; Siti Ainim Liusti
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.11813

This study aims to describe the forms of directive speech acts used by teachers in Indonesian language learning interactions at SMA Negeri 15 Padang and explain their use across the opening, core, and closing stages of instruction. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, data were obtained from the utterances of Indonesian language teachers in grades X and XI through non-participant observation, audio recording, and note-taking. A total of 186 utterances containing directive speech acts were identified. The analysis employed Searle’s taxonomy of speech acts and Hymes’s Speaking framework to examine linguistic forms and their contextual use. Data validity was ensured through triangulation, and data analysis involved reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The study identified six types of directive speech acts: telling, inviting, asking, pleading, advising, and forbidding. "Telling" appeared most frequently, especially during the core learning stage, while "inviting" and "asking" were common in the opening and closing stages to create a participatory and supportive classroom atmosphere. These findings suggest that teachers strategically use directive speech acts according to the phase of instruction and learning goals. The study concludes that directive speech acts play a vital role in managing classroom interactions and enhancing learning effectiveness. Teachers act not only as conveyors of knowledge but also as interaction managers through the use of purposeful and polite language. This underscores the importance of pragmatic competence in effective teaching, particularly in the context of Indonesian language education.

COMMUNICATIVE STYLES IN CLASSROOM MATERIALS: A LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTARY EFL TEXTBOOK CONVERSATIONS Jihananda Cahya Bagaskara; Ahdi Riyono; Rusiana
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v11i2.10976

This study investigates the language styles used in the dialogues of the “Look and Say” section in the "My Next Words Grade 5 Student’s Book for Elementary School.". the author conducted this study due to the rarely explored language styles in elementary school student books, particularly within the context of the Merdeka curriculum. Through this study, the author aimed to identify and describe the language styles and their functions in the dialogues of the specified textbook section. A qualitative methodology was employed, utilizing the language style theory of Joos and Holmes's theory on language functions. Data were collected through documentation analysis using content analysis. This study revealed that all 23 dialogues used a casual language style (100%). The functions identified were expressive (57%), referential (22%), directive (17%), and phatic (4%). In this study, the author concluded that the dialogues predominantly used a casual style, emphasizing emotional engagement and information delivery. It suggests incorporating more diverse language styles to enhance educational dialogues. Keywords: Language Style; Language Function; Student Book; Dialogue.

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Jawa barat

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