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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 128   129   130   131   132 
Optimal Bracing Type of Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Soil-Structure Interaction Taken into Consideration Yassine Razzouk; Mohamed Ahatri; Khadija Baba; Ahlam El Majid
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-06

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete buildings. An advanced numerical model for SSI was developed and verified using ABAQUS software. The seismic response of a 12-story building on four types of soil (rock, dense soil, stiff soil, and soft soil) was examined using a Normalized Response Spectra based on the Moroccan paraseismic regulation RPS 2011. The global lateral displacement, inter-story drift, and period were compared for two types of bracing (column and shear wall). The results show that SSI has a significant impact on the seismic behavior of buildings, and the seismic responses of soil-structure systems with column and shear wall bracing are quite different. The research contributions of this paper include developing an advanced numerical model for SSI, examining the impact of SSI on the choice of bracing for reinforced concrete buildings, and providing guidance on the most reliable bracing method for structures of various heights and soil types. The study's findings have important implications for seismic design and can help improve the safety and reliability of buildings in earthquake-prone regions. The study also highlights the importance of considering SSI in seismic design and the need for guidelines that describe the bracing systems to be used based on the structure's height and type of soil. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-06 Full Text: PDF
Impact Stiffness of Linear Viscoelastic Model for Seismic Pounding Simulation: An Experimental Evaluation Yazan Jaradat; Harry Far
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-01

Abstract

Pounding between adjacent structures occurs when the separating distance within the two buildings is inadequate to contain the movement between them during an earthquake event. Seismic pounding can lead to significant harm or even the destruction of neighbouring structures. In creating a model for structural response, impact stiffness is considered as a critical factor in calculating the impact force throughout the collision within adjacent structures. It is important to derive realistic stiffness values when performing a numerical simulation of pounding forces within abutting structures to attain valid results. The objective of this study is to ascertain the impact stiffness within the linear viscoelastic contact model, using data obtained from shaking table experiments of pounding between neighboring five-storey and 15-storey single-bay model of steel-frame. The steel models were subjected to scaled ground acceleration records, two far-field and two near-field. The study’s findings indicate that there is a significant discrepancy between the theoretical impact parameters and the measured experimental value because the assumptions made to derive the theoretical formulas do not align with the actual impact conditions. The accuracy and precision of the experimental formula adopted in this study have been validated in comparison with the numerical results. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-01 Full Text: PDF
Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water using Leachate Modular Tower Frank Aneke; Joy Adu
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-017

Abstract

The heavy metals (HMs) and metalloids such as Cr(VI), As(Ill), and Pb(II) in contaminated water are toxic even at trace levels and have caused devastating negative health impacts on human beings. Hence, the effective adsorption of these heavy metals from contaminated water is important to protect biodiversity, hydrosphere ecosystems, and human beings. In this study, a leachate modular tower (LMT) was developed for the singular purpose of adsorbing HMs. The LMT contained nano-slag as a liner, which was synthesized from slag. The nano-slag was blended in different proportions of 90:10; 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 to the combined mass of clay and nano-slag, to evaluate the most efficient ratio of the blends capable of adsorbing HMs and metalloids with 100% efficiency. A series of leachate tests were performed to evaluate the adsorption capacity of LMT with different embedded liners. Attenuation periods of 2, 5, 7, and 10 days with a temperature of 500 °C were also selected to improve the sorption rate and uptake of HMs. Subsequently, the effluents were subjected to inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) tests to evaluate the concentrations and percentages of adsorbed HMs, which were calculated using a pseudo-first-order adsorption model. The results revealed that the removal of 98%As, 99%Cd, and 99.9% Pb was achieved with a 50%:50% ratio of soil and nano-slag as the liner at 10 days equilibrium period. Furthermore, 98%Zn, 95.45%Cu, 93.3%Fe, 97%Ni, and 89% Hg were achieved upon further investigation using the same dosage of soil and nano-slag and equilibrium conditions. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests demonstrated that some traces of the absorbed HMs and metalloids were found on the liner surfaces, indicating significant changes in microstructure. The results indicated the sorption rate increased significantly due to the elevated temperature, aluminosilicate structure, and prolonged attenuation period, which are also associated with an elevated pH level and higher cation exchange capacity (CEC), of the liner. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-017 Full Text: PDF
Assessment of Fly Ash-Rice Straw Ash-Laterite Soil Based Geopolymer Mortar Durability Parea R. Rangan; M. Tumpu; . Mansyur; D. S. Mabui
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-012

Abstract

Geopolymer is an inorganic form of alumina-silica that is synthesized through materials containing lots of silica (Si) and alumina (Al) originating from nature or from industrial by-products. The geopolymer binder is a two-component inorganic system consisting of solid components that have sufficient amounts of SiO2 and Al2O3 to form compounds such as fly ash, rice straw ash, pozzolan, laterite soil, slag, etc. This study aims to analyze the compressive strength, chemical compositions, and geopolymerization process of geopolymers produced from fly ash, rice straw ash, and lateritic soil bound with an alkaline activator, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), with a concentration of 12 M. The durability of the geopolymer mortar was determined by soaking for 3, 7, and 28 days using water curing and sulphate curing (Sodium Sulphate, Na2SO4, and Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4). The results showed that sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can release silica and alumina in the amorphous phase and can be used as a binder for geopolymer mortar made from straw ash, fly ash, and laterite soil without using oven heat, according to compressive strength, chemical compositions, and the geopolymerization process. The results of this study can be used to support the use of waste materials (fly ash and laterite soil) and local materials (straw ash) as geopolymer mortar-forming materials. Furthermore, it can aid in the development of eco-friendly (environmentally friendly) national infrastructure by eliminating the need for oven heat to initiate the polymerization reaction. However, this research can also be developed to increase the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar, which resembles that of conventional concrete in general. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-012 Full Text: PDF
Behavior of Centrifuged GFRP Poles Under Lateral Deflection Youssef A. Awad; Ahmed M. EL-Fiky; Hosam M. Elhegazy; Mahmoud G. Hasan; Ibrahim A. Yousef; Ahmed M. Ebid; Mohamed A. Khalaf
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-07

Abstract

Centrifugal-manufactured GFRP pipes are widely used today as lighting and low-power transmission poles due to their lightweight, high electrical insulation, low cost, and corrosion resistance. Despite these advantages, GFRP poles suffer high deflection problems due to their low elastic and shear moduli values. In order to overcome this disadvantage, three techniques were suggested to control the lateral deflection of the GFRP poles: an extended internal steel stub, external steel angles, and internal steel bracing bars. The main objective of this study is to determine the optimum strengthening technique to improve the serviceability of GFRP poles in terms of lateral deflection according to ASTM D4923. An experimental research program containing five full-scale GFRP poles was carried out to determine the optimum strengthening technique and the effect of connectors opening near the base and compare it to previous research. The results indicated that flexural stiffness was increased by 44%, 66%, and 38% for the extended stub, steel angles, and bracing bars, respectively. Besides that, the reduction in flexural stiffness due to connector opening was about 8%. The measured deflections showed good matching with simplified mathematical calculations, and the division was about ±10%. The external steel angle technique showed the best efficiency in Stiffness behavior. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-07 Full Text: PDF
The Acoustic Performance of Natural Composites in Reducing Stress Levels: Textile Industry Maria P. Widjanarti; Ari Probandari; . Sumardiyono; . Sunarto
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-02

Abstract

The porous characteristics of recycled natural fibres make them suitable for use as acoustic materials. Straw and water hyacinth fibres are natural materials that can potentially be used as composites in damping devices. This study evaluated the acoustic performance of two types of reinforced composites containing natural fibers (water hyacinth and rice straw) and gypsum adhesives in reducing stress levels in the textile industry. The evaluation was carried out through laboratory tests using impedance tubes and direct testing in a textile factory to reduce the stress level of production machine workers and operators. Rice straw and water hyacinth fibres were thoroughly mixed in proven mass ratios of 10% and 30% with water and gypsum plaster as a binder. The mixture was pressed into a mould at a pressure of 3 MPa before being heated in an oven at 900ºC for 5 hours. Perforations measuring 4 to 8 mm in diameter were then made at equal distances on the panels. Acoustic panel performance tests were carried out with impedance tubes according to ISO 10534-2 standards at sound frequencies ranging from 0 to 6400 Hz. Field tests were also conducted at a textile factory, with each machine unit generating a sound source of 100 to 110 dB. Heart rate data was collected, and noise measurements were carried out before and after the panels were installed in the area around the operating machines. The results showed that the rice straw-gypsum composite with four perforations performed the best, achieving an α coefficient of 1.0 at a frequency of 1500 Hz and an NRC of 0.50, indicating effective noise reduction. The installation of acoustic panels around the noise source in the textile industry reduced noise levels by up to 9.8 dB and was found to affect workers' heart rates, indicating reduced stress levels. The questionnaire results also showed a significant effect on the stress levels of workers. The use of natural fibers in composite materials has the potential to be an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for soundproofing applications. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-02 Full Text: PDF
Assessment of E-Waste Management and Potential for Laptop Reuse and Recycling Giao Thanh Nguyen; Trinh Thi Kieu Lam; Nhien Thi Hong Huynh
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-013

Abstract

Reusing and recycling laptops has many positive benefits, both environmentally and economically. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objectives of assessing (1) the current state of ownership, (2) the current state of use and disposal, and (3) quantifying the potential reuse and recycling of laptops for students at Can Tho University, Vietnam. Based on data collected by document review and face-to-face interviews with students, with a usage rate of 1 laptop per student, it is estimated that the whole of Can Tho University has 42,918 laptops in use. The actual use lifespan of the laptop is 5.28 years, lower than the expected lifespan of 6.8 years. The results of the correlation analysis show that the actual usage life does not have any correlation with the consumption behavior of students. In addition, the study estimates that 96.67% of laptops will be disposed of before 2031. In which, the potential for direct reuse is 2.33%, reuse with support is 88.33%, and recycling is 9.33%. The results show that universities have great potential to implement safe e-waste collection and treatment activities. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-013 Full Text: PDF
Estimation of Soil Moisture for Different Crops Using SAR Polarimetric Data K. Kanmani; Vasanthi P.; Packirisamy Pari; N. S. Shafeer Ahamed
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-08

Abstract

Soil moisture is an essential factor that influences agricultural productivity and hydrological processes. Soil moisture estimation using field detection methods takes time and is challenging. However, using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, soil moisture parameters become easier to detect. In microwave remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data helps to retrieve soil moisture from more considerable depths because of its high penetration capability and the illumination power of its light source. This study aims to process the SAR Sentinel-1A data and estimate soil moisture using the Water Cloud Model (WCM). Many physical and empirical models have been developed to determine soil moisture from microwave remote sensing platforms. However, the Water Cloud Model gives more accurate results. In this study, the WCM model is used for mixed crop types. The experimental soil moisture was determined from in-situ soil samples collected from various agricultural areas. The soil backscattering values corresponding to the different soil sampling locations were derived from Sentinel SAR data. Using linear regression analysis, the laboratory's soil moisture results and soil backscattering values were correlated to arrive at a model. The model was validated using a secondary set of in-situ moisture content values taken during the same period. The R2 and RMSE of the model were observed to be 0.825 and 0.0274, respectively, proving a strong correlation between the experimental soil moisture and satellite-derived soil moisture for mixed crop field types. This paper explains the methodology for arriving at a model for soil moisture estimation. This model helps to recommend suitable crop types in large, complex areas based on predicted moisture content. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-08 Full Text: PDF
Prediction of Soil-Water Characteristic Curves of Four Subgrade Materials using a Modified Perera Model Rokhaya Gueye; Makhaly Ba; Ibrahima Mbaye; Ida Bibalo Josiane Ki
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-03

Abstract

One of the main hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils is the Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC). It is essential to understand, predict soil water storage and determine the hydraulic and mechanical behaviour of soils. These curves can be obtained by direct and indirect measurements. The measurements to obtain these curves are expensive, delicate to perform and can be really slow for fine soils, so predictive models become necessary. In order to make a numerical model, a couple of identification tests were carried out to obtain the physical properties of each sample among the four subgrade materials collected in the regions of Dakar and Thies (Senegal). The measurement tests of the matric suction were then conducted depending on the nature of the material (fine-grained soil or coarse-grained soil) and allowed to draw the SWCC of each soil. Among numerous predictive models developed for SWCC in the last decades; this study used the Perera model to fit the SWCC of four (04) subgrade materials, which did not give a satisfactory coefficient of correlation (R2 = 58% and a relatively low sum of the squared residuals (SSR)). This leads to modifying the Perera model to better fit the SWCC on the basis of an understanding of the effect of each parameter on the shape of the SWCC. The proposed modified model was validated by checking the adjusted R2, minimizing the SSR in order to approach at most the experimental air entry value. The modified model works pretty well on coarse-grained and fine-grained soils. This modified model of Perera provided a very good correlation R2equal to 99.98, 98.74, 99.64, and 99.73 for the sandy soils (Sebikotane and Keur Mory) and the Marley and Clayey soils of Diamniadio, with a minimal SSR obtained compared to Perera’s and Hernandez model. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-03 Full Text: PDF
Evaluating the Potential of Recycled Asphalt for Sustainable Road Construction: An Environmental and Economic Analysis Muhamet Ahmeti; Milaim Ahmetaj; Visar Krelani
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 6 (2023): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-014

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the possibility of using recycled asphalt for road construction and maintenance in Kosovo. Methods: By analyzing statistical data from the Ministry of Infrastructure based on the status of infrastructure, the life cycle of asphalt, and investments in this area, this study determined the amount of asphalt that needs to be recycled. Results: The results showed that 1454008.5 m3 of asphalt needs to be recycled in Kosovo. We studied using 10%, 15%, and 20% recycled asphalt in asphalt base courses. We determined the benefits of recycled asphalt in terms of environmental protection, energy savings, and low cost. Depending on the percentage of recycled asphalt, the savings in mineral mix ranged from 11% to 23% and the road bitumen dosage from 6 to 8.5%. Novelty/Improvement: The proposed method of reusing recycled materials can reduce the consumption of natural resources, energy, and financial costs and help protect the environment. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-014 Full Text: PDF

Page 130 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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