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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 143   144   145   146   147 
XGBoost-SHAP and Unobserved Heterogeneity Modelling of Temporal Multivehicle Truck-Involved Crash Severity Patterns Wimon Laphrom; Chamroeun Se; Thanapong Champahom; Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao; Warit Wipulanusatd; Thaned Satiennam; Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 6 (2024): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-06-011

Abstract

This paper aims to address the critical issue of multivehicle truck crashes in developing regions, with a focus on Thailand, by analyzing the factors that influence injury severity and comparing the effectiveness of predictive models. Utilizing advanced random parameters and the XGBoost machine learning algorithm, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of injury severity factors in multivehicle truck-involved accidents, contrasting weekdays and weekends. Our findings reveal that the XGBoost model significantly outperforms the heterogeneous logit model in predicting crash severity outcomes, demonstrating superior accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1 score, and area under the curve (AUC) in both model training and testing phases. Key risk factors identified include motorcycle involvement, head-on collisions, and crashes occurring during late night/early morning hours, with environmental elements like road lane numbers and weekend hours also playing a significant role. The study introduces XGBoost as a novel and improved method for truck safety analysis, capable of capturing the complex interactions within multivehicle crash data and offering actionable insights for targeted interventions to reduce crash severity. By highlighting specific risk factors and the effectiveness of XGBoost, this research contributes to the development of data-driven strategies for enhancing truck safety in developing countries. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-06-011 Full Text: PDF
Construction Project Delay Risk Assessment Based on 4M1E Framework and Afghanistan Situation Hijratullah Sharifzada; Yu Deming
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 1 (2024): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-01-06

Abstract

In the realm of construction project management, delays present a significant impediment, particularly within complex socio-political contexts such as Afghanistan. This study endeavors to elucidate the multifaceted nature of construction project delays in Afghanistan, employing the 4M1E (Man, Machine, Material, Method, and Environment) framework to conduct a comprehensive risk assessment. The research methodology entailed the development of a structured questionnaire grounded in an extensive review of pertinent literature, targeting 30 recognized causes of project delays. This instrument was administered to a representative sample of 144 professionals across the Afghan construction industry spectrum, including clients, consultants, and contractors. Analytical rigor was applied through the deployment of frequency, severity, and importance indices to evaluate the collected data. This analysis culminated in the distillation of ten paramount delay risk factors, encapsulating elements such as governmental policy stability modifications in project scope and design alongside delays in material testing and approval processes. A comparative dimension was incorporated to benchmark these findings against global standards, thereby enhancing the robustness of the study’s conclusions. Moreover, the research delineates the congruence and discordance among different respondent cohorts, bolstering the integrity of the identified delay factors through a validation of internal consistency and reliability. The strategic application of the 4M1E framework, contextualized within the Afghan construction landscape, furnishes pivotal insights for stakeholders, equipping them with a nuanced understanding necessary for the proactive mitigation of delay risks. The implications of this study are far-reaching, promising to augment project completion efficiency, budget adherence, and overall project success, with particular resonance for environments paralleling the intricacies of Afghanistan. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-01-06 Full Text: PDF
Empirical Model of Unconsolidated Tephra Erosion: Verification and Application on Micro Catchment F. Tata Yunita; Indratmo Soekarno; Joko Nugroho; Untung B. Santosa
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 7 (2024): July
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-07-02

Abstract

Erosion is an important process that shapes the earth's surface. Given the complexity of the process, efforts to understand it are essential. Over the last 50 years, numerous models of soil particle erosion by surface runoff emerged, some of which share similar forms and parameters. The differences lie in the coefficient values of the parameters, attributed to the characteristics of the soil material such as texture, structure, and organic matter content. However, these erosion models tend to underpredict in the case of new volcanic deposit erosion. The erosion model for unconsolidated tephra, proposed by Yunita, was developed through laboratory experiments using volcanic material from Merapi Volcano, Indonesia. Nevertheless, the model has not been implemented for other cases. Therefore, this study aims to verify the erosion model for volcanic material in other cases, explore the possibility of broader implementation, identify the factors that influence its accuracy, and determine the model’s limitations. To verify the model’s potential for broader application, we applied it to micro-scale catchments in St. Hellens (USA), Sakurajima (Japan), and a laboratory scale plot in Merapi (Indonesia). The verification yielded satisfactory results for all three cases, especially for new tephra deposits. In the case of St. Helens, the extrapolation of model coefficients was proven to still be applicable even for thicker tephra layers. However, the erosion prediction was overestimated for tephra layer deposits older than 1 year, as the erosion rate decreases over time due to the compaction and stabilization of the tephra layer. In the Sakurajima, the model was also suitable for predicting long-term erosion amounts (daily and monthly). Meanwhile, in Merapi, the model provided accurate predictions for slopes of 20º and 25º but was less accurate for 30º slopes, where the measured erosion was due to both erosion and slope failure. These verification results demonstrate the potential of applying the empirical erosion model to micro catchments with relatively homogenous slopes and tephra properties. The sensitivity test revealed that slope, runoff, rainfall intensity, and volcanic ash thickness are strongly influence the erosion rate. This study also simplified the volcanic ash erosion model as a function of slope (S0), runoff (q), and rainfall (i) by assuming the value of (1-τc/τ0) is equal to 1. Further study using GIS tools is required for its application on several catchments with heterogeneous characteristics. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-07-02 Full Text: PDF
Studying the Behavior of Expansive Soil Reinforced by Micropiles Ahmed S. A. Al-Gharbawi; Ahmed M. Najemalden; Mohammed Y. Fattah
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 1 (2024): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-01-017

Abstract

Expansive soil is a form of soil that can expand and contract, changing its volume. Montmorillonite, a mineral with the ability to dissolve in water, makes up the majority of these kinds of soils, and by increasing the volume of the soil, it causes the soil to heave. Expansive soils could be a substantial concern for engineered buildings due to their capacity to adjust to seasonal variations by contracting or expanding moisture content. Many researchers focused on soils that were swollen and looked at how they behaved as well as how they could be improved. In this study, the work depends on inserting micro-piles with different depths and configuration widths to investigate which depth and configuration can be obtained to improve the bearing capacity of foundations on expansive soil. The main purpose of this study is to reinforce the expansive soil with micro-piles with different depths (1B, 2B, and 3B) and different configuration widths (under footing only, 1B and 2B). It was concluded that the soil reinforced with micro-piles improved the load-bearing capacity of the expensive soil and decreased the swell pressure. The increasing depth of the micropiles 2B to 3B (B is the width/diameter of the foundation) can increase the bearing capacity by just 6%; therefore, increasing the depth beyond 2B is not beneficial. Also, the increase in width of the configuration of the micro piles from 1B to 2B increases the bearing capacity by just 4%; therefore, the increase in width greater than 1B is not valid. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-01-017 Full Text: PDF
Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Middle-Upper Pleistocene Aquifer Le Diem Kieu; Pham Quoc Nguyen
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 7 (2024): July
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-07-018

Abstract

The study was conducted to assess groundwater quality and identify the main pollution sources of groundwater in Hau Giang province, Vietnam. Groundwater samples were collected at five locations (GW1-GW5) at qp2-3 aquifer in May and October 2022. Principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), water pollution index (WPI), and groundwater quality index (GWQI) were applied in the study. The results revealed that the groundwater quality was influenced by TDS, NH4+-N, permanganate index, and Fe. On the basis of WPI, GW2 and GW3 had the lowest water quality, exceeding a value of 1. The results of GWQI showed that groundwater quality was divided into three categories (excellent, poor, and unsuitable for drinking) in May and four categories (good, poor, very poor, and unsuitable for drinking) in October. The study also revealed seasonal variations in groundwater quality, particularly in GW5 (Vi Thuy district, Hau Giang, Vietnam). The CA results formed four water quality groups in both periods based on the similarity of groundwater parameters. PCA results presented that the three PCs explained 79.55% of the variation in groundwater quality. Three potential sources of pollution are derived from the discharge of wastewater (domestic, industrial, and agricultural), landfilling, and seawater intrusion. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-07-018 Full Text: PDF
Influence of Filler Materials on Bituminous Mastic Rheology at High Temperatures Sivaprakash G.; Padmarekha Ajithkumar
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2024): February
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-02-013

Abstract

The mixing and compaction temperatures of the bituminous mixture are determined by the viscosity of the binder. It was always a concern to understand the influence of the type of filler on the workability of the bituminous mixture. The interaction of the filler with the bitumen plays a key role in this. The inert filler has a physical interaction with the binder, and the active filler will have both a physical and chemical interaction. Based on the type of interaction, the viscosity and shear thinning characteristics of the mastic (binder + filler) change, which will hence influence the workability of the bituminous mixture. An experimental investigation is conducted to measure the viscosity of the mastic with two types of filler, one chosen from the active filler category (hydrated lime) and another from the inert filler category (quarry dust). A shear rate sweep experiment was carried out within the temperature range of 100 to 160 °C to analyze the Newtonian and shear thinning responses of the mastic. Results indicate that, for an equivalent weight proportion of the filler, mastic containing quarry dust exhibited elevated Newtonian viscosity and zero-shear viscosity (as predicted using the Carreau Yasuda Model). Additionally, quarry dust mastic demonstrated a higher rate of shear thinning. Consequently, the beneficial effect of shear thinning during the compaction of bituminous mixtures has the potential to enhance workability and streamline the compaction process. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-02-013 Full Text: PDF
Strength and Deformability of Structural Steel for Use in Construction Begman Kulbayev; Vladimir Lapin; Alexandr Shakhnovich; Yeraly Shokbarov; Tursymbai Tuleyev; Serik Aldakhov; Yerken Aldakhov; Alimzhan Ali
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2024): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-09

Abstract

The purpose of the study is an experimental determination of the stress-related characteristics of the structural steel produced in the Republic of Kazakhstan for use in conventional and earthquake-resistive construction. Since 2015, the construction industry has been using European regulatory documents—Eurocodes—as a statutory framework. In particular, the Eurocode 1993 for steel structures and the Eurocode 1998 for the design of earthquake-resistant structures However, the study of stress-related properties of structural steel using experimental methods of ISO standards has not been performed. Therefore, in the construction industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, steel-work structures have been used in fairly limited volume since 2015. The experimental studies were conducted on 7 types of structural steel with thicknesses of 8, 10, and 20 mm manufactured by Arcelor Mittal. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength (breaking stress), and tensile strength at break were studied. The experimental studies were carried out on the basis of ISO standards. In each test run, 5 samples were used. In two series, 20 samples each were tested, which made it possible to estimate the yield strength and strength distribution functions. The correlation relationships between Brinell hardness and yield and strength limits have been studied. As a result of experimental studies, it was found that the strength and deformability parameters fully comply with the requirements of Eurocode 1993. Based on the application of the Student's test, it is revealed that the distribution functions of yield strength and resistance correspond to the normal law (Gaussian function). The calculation of a three-story, two-span residential building with box section columns for construction in an area with a seismicity of 8 points is performed by the finite element method. The work results will significantly increase the scope of Kazakhstani structural steel use in seismic and conventional areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-09 Full Text: PDF
A Mathematical Approach for Predicting Sufficient Separation Gap between Adjacent Buildings to Avoid Earthquake-Induced Pounding Yazan Jaradat; Harry Far; Mina Mortazavi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 9, No 10 (2023): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-10-02

Abstract

Studies on earthquake-related damage underscore that buildings are vulnerable to significant harm or even collapse during moderate to strong ground motions. Of particular concern is seismic-induced pounding, observed in numerous past and recent earthquakes, often resulting from inadequate separation gaps between neighboring structures. This study conducted an experimental and numerical investigation to develop a mathematical equation to calculate a sufficient separation gap in order to avoid the collision between adjacent mid-rise steel-frame buildings during seismic excitation. In this study, the coupled configuration of 15-storey & 10-storey, 15-storey & 5-storey, and 10-storey & 5-storey steel frame structures was considered in the investigation. The investigation concluded with a large number of data outputs. The outputs were used to predict structural behavior during earthquakes. The obtained data were categorized into three main categories according to the earthquake's Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) levels. Also, the derived equations were divided into three different equations to estimate the required seismic gap between neighboring buildings accordingly. The derived equations are distilled to empower engineers to rigorously evaluate non-irregular mid-rise steel frame buildings. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-10-02 Full Text: PDF
Optimizing Alkali-Concentration on Fresh and Durability Properties of Defected Sanitary Ware Porcelain based Geopolymer Concrete Woratid Wongpattanawut; Borvorn Israngkura Na Ayudhya
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 4 (2024): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-04-05

Abstract

Introducing defective sanitaryware porcelain as a low-calcium binder for geopolymer mix concrete was regarded as green concrete. Four alkali concentrations (8M, 10M, 12M, and 14M) mixes involving four initial curing temperatures (60°C, 75°C, 90°C, and 105°C) were investigated for porosity, rapid chloride penetration, compressive and abrasive resistance. Tests on geopolymer paste for consistency and initial and final setting times were also assessed. For all the mixes, consistency and setting time decreased with increased alkali concentration levels. An increment in curing temperature increased the setting time rate. Microstructural studies such as X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out, and the results were presented. The compressive and abrasive resistance of the specimen performance increased with an increase in the initial curing temperature and alkali concentration level. Majorly, the mechanical strength of porcelain-based geopolymer specimens increased by increasing the alkali concentration level. Applying 105°C for the initial curing temperature to the specimen, compressive strength, abrasive resistance, and resistibility to chloride ingress of the specimen enhanced. At the 28-days curing period, the ultimate compressive strength was 68.03 N/mm2, the lowest weight loss from abrasive motion was 0.09%, and the lowest passing charge was 1,440.91 coulombs were recorded respectively. As a result, porcelain-based geopolymers required a high initial curing temperature and a high alkali concentration level. It was found that 14M porcelain-based specimens heated at 105°C curing temperature for 24 hours led to an eco-friendly concrete mix with prominent positive results for engineering properties. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-04-05 Full Text: PDF
Evaluation of Alkali-Activated Mortar Incorporating Combined and Uncombined Fly Ash and GGBS Enhanced with Nano Alumina Barham Ali
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2024): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-016

Abstract

The present research focuses on assessing the fresh and hardened properties as well as the durability performance of alkali-activated mortar in an ambient environment and the impact of integrating nano-alumina (NA) at a 2% ratio as a substitute for binder materials in alkali-activated mortar (AAM). Additionally, it assesses the effectiveness of alkali-activated mortar employing different blends of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and fly ash as environmentally friendly substitute building materials. Fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast slag (GGBS), and an equal mixture of GGBS and FA make up these binder ingredients. As a result, the main binders contain GGBS, FA, or a 50/50 mixture of GGBS and FA. The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration is fixed at a 12-molarity level, and the alkali activator solution to binder ratio is kept at 0.5. In the alkali solution, the ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide is always 2.5. The study evaluates various properties of AAM, such as compressive strength, flowability, unit weight, flexural tensile strength, and durability, under ambient conditions at a steady room temperature of 23±3°C. Results indicate that AAM mixtures devoid of NA exhibit a higher flow rate compared to those containing NA. Nonetheless, the flowability of AAM mixtures aligns well with standard requirements, being modest yet adequate. Significantly, the inclusion of NA enhances the mechanical properties and durability of AAM, demonstrating its beneficial effects. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-016 Full Text: PDF

Page 145 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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