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Civil Engineering Journal

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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 1,848 Documents

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Physiochemical Characterization and Dematerialization of Coal Class F Flyash Residues from Thermal Power Plant Mohammad Nadeem Akhtar; Janisaar Akhtar; Nazia Tarannum
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 5 (2019): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Class F flyash has a low percentage content of lime and is considered as a leading category of flyash generated in India with an average utilization of nearly 55% of flyash produced by the coal-burning power plant. The coal Class F flyash residue sample has been collected from Harduaganj, Thermal Power Station India. The paper illustrates the outcome of the study carried out to examine all the relevant features of the chemical and physical properties of Class F flyash sample. Elementary quantitative results from point analysis, SEM/EDS, FTIR, and pH analysis have been done in the chemical analysis of the study. The physical characterization of the sample is done by several experimental approaches to compare all the relevant features of Class F flyash sample and common soil. The main objective of this study is to evaluate whether the locally available Class F flyash from Harduaganj Thermal Power Station India, will provide satisfactory performance in fully or partially replacement of common soil. The performance evaluation of flyash and soil in different test results included bulk density, specific gravity, plasticity, maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, and permeability in accordance with the relevant IS or ASTM standards. Finally, the reported research recommended the selection of Class F flyash sample with low-lime content that provided the close correlation of its physical properties to the common soil.

Extreme Events design and Mitigation Methods: A Review Lawali Moussa Laminou; Zhangjun Liu; Xinghua Chen
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 6 (2019): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Recently, extreme events have highlighted their potentially tragic effects on structural and infrastructure systems. Resilience of the Community to these extreme vents is an important issue of increasing more concern for developing design methods. Such extreme events scenarios involve many uncertainties, such as the intensity, location, and period. The extreme events may include those caused by various natural or manmade hazards, such as earthquake, strong winds, fire, blast, etc. Compared to other events, earthquake and wind are particularly critical due to their significant threats to the global structure performance and more challenges for design. Researchers have recognized that proper evaluation, modeling, and assessment of the effects of extreme events are fundamental to ensure the desired performance of structures. Therefore, the concern for developing appropriate methodologies to evaluate and design structures that can withstand the effects of extreme events has become a very active field of research in recent years. Improvement of building codes and development of new strategies are needed to mitigate the disastrous effects of extreme events. This paper presents a comprehensive review of literature surrounding designing building structures for extreme events. First, a general overview of the extreme events design and different objectives of approaches is conducted. Furthermore, a review related literature surrounding designing for earthquake resistance guidelines is presented, also highlights Performance-Based Seismic Design objectives. The available literature includes many studies for the provisions included in different design codes (China, United States and Europe). A review of literature related to wind resistance design with an overview of Performance Based Wind Design of building design method for the control of winds impacting on building structures is also presented.

Research of Scale Inhibitors in Downhole Equipment Pogrebnaya, Irina Alekseevna; Mikhailova, Svetlana Viktorovna
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 5 (2019): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The article is devoted to the problem of salt deposition in the West-Agan field of Western Siberia in various types of oil equipment during the extraction and transportation of petroleum products, as well as research and identification of the most effective inhibitors. The article is devoted to the problem of salt deposits in various types of oil equipment during the extraction and transportation of petroleum products. Salinity (scale) adversely affects the surface of pipes, the working parts of pumps, installations in contact with formation waters. When this occurs, the parts are jammed or break. The article describes methods for solving the problem of scaling using inhibitors. The possibility of SIs supplying in the reservoir with the aim of its subsequent removal in the composition of the reservoir fluid [1-4]. The data on the adsorption-desorption capacity of scale inhibitors on core samples were studied. Adsorption was tested under dynamic conditions on the FDS-210 filtration unit, filled with a core from the West Agan field. The core was saturated with a scale inhibitor through pumping a 1% solution through it. Desorption of inhibitors was modeled by passing the bottom-water model through the cell under the same pumping conditions. The results of processing the experimental data are obtained; the figures are shown in the form of the dependence of the Freundlich equation relating the magnitude of adsorption to the current concentration of inhibitors, as well as the profile of the removal of Descum-2 scale inhibitors H-3611-Descum-4 and OEDPK. The paper presents the results of modeling the removal of Descum-2 inhibitors of the mark H-3611-A, Descum-4 of the mark S and OEDFC in the form of a table. The use of the studied inhibitors on the West Agan field allows to increase the duration of the maintenance-free period of the well equipment.

Comparison of Single and Group Jet Grouting Columns Capacity Based on Field Load Test and Theoretical Methods Al-Kinani, Ali M.; Ahmed, Mahmood D.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 6 (2019): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The evaluation of axial capacity of jet grouted soil cement columns in soft soil is a complicated issue because it depends according to the number of factors such as, soil type, influence mixture between soil and grouting materials, nozzle jet energy, jet grouting and water flow rate, rotation and lifting speed. These parameters related to the type of jet grouting methods (single, double and triple system). Most methods of design the bearing capacity of the jet-grouting column based on experience. Therefore, some designer calculates the bearing capacity of the jet grouting column based on jet grout section capacity. In this paper, different theoretical methods have been used to estimate of the jet grouting soil-cement capacity, such as Poulos and Davis, 1980 methods and then their comparison with the pile load test calculations based on the quick pile load test as presented in ASTM-D1143-07.Â Therefore, the study describes a prototype test single and group jet grout soil-cement models of arrangement (1*1, 1*2 and 2*2) for total length to diameter ratios (L/D) is 13.33 and clear spacing three times of diameter has been constructed in soft clayey soils in the right bank of the Euphrates River, at Al- Nasiriyah city. As a result, the theoretical method for estimation the bearing capacity gives unfaithful values for the single and group jet grout column compared to the load- settlement calculations obtained from field pile load test data. On the other hand, the Hansenâ€™s 90% and Butler and Hoyâ€™s given closer results to each other and may be considered faithful interpretation methods to compute the bearing capacity of single and group jet grouting columns.

Effect of PolyPhosphoric Acid on Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Concrete Mixture Hussein Burhan Raof; Mohammed Qadir Ismael
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 9 (2019): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The action of high repeated trucks load associated with dramatically elevated ambient temperatures leads to the most harmful distress in asphalt pavements occurred in Iraq known as rutting. Essentially, it is produced from the accumulation of irrecoverable strains, which mainly occurred in the asphalt layers. That visually demonstrated as a longitudinal depression in the wheel paths as well as small upheavals to the sides. Poly Phosphoric Acid (PPA) has been used as a means of producing modified asphalt binders and the interest to use it has increased in recent years. The PPA provides modified asphalt binder, which is relatively cheaply produced compared to polymer-modified asphalt. In this paper, PPA was used by three-percentages 1, 2 and 3 % of the weight of asphalt binder. Two asphalt binder grades were used in this study, 40-50 and 60 -70. The evaluation process based on conducting Marshall Test, Compressive strength test and the Wheel Tracking test. The optimum asphalt content was determined for eight asphalt mixture. The results of the index of retained strength of modified asphalt were slightly increased compared with conventional mixtures. The rut depth was determined by using wheel tracking device at different temperature (45 and 55 ºC) for each asphalt mixture under 10000 cycles and the results showed that modified asphalt with PPA produced mixtures with more rutting resistance than conventional asphalt mixture. Moreover, the effect of PPA on rutting resistance for asphalt grade 60-70 was higher than asphalt grade 40-50.

Enhanced Degradation of Dyes present in Textile Effluent by Ultrasound Assisted Electrochemical Reactor Asad Ali; Naeem Ejaz; Sadia Nasreen; Ali Nasir; Liaqat Ali Qureshi; Basem Mohammed Al-Sakkaf
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 10 (2019): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Textile industry being the backbone of any country plays a very essential part in the development of the country. The treatment of chemical dyes present in textile wastewater and its reuse for irrigational purposes has become a major concern for the researchers. The present study emphasis on proper degradation of commonly used reactive blue (RB) 19 dye present in textile effluents using ultrasound assisted electrochemical reactor technique and presenting the analysis of microparticles present in dyes and its quantitative composition before and after treatment by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images at high magnification. The investigation was carried out using various parameters such as Concentration, pH and reaction rate. The testing setup also includes UV absorbance spectrophotometer, ultrasonic bath, DC power supply, weighing balance, suction apparatus, and thermometer. Our studies show that the Optimum dye degradation (i.e. 82.3 %) was achieved at time 120 minutes with pH of 3.22 for 50 ppm of solution and the maximum degradation (i.e. 85%) was achieved at 40 0C using acid (HCl) and Base (NaOH) in equal amounts after 120 minutes for solution of 30ppm. The work efficiency includes saving time, money and degrading the dyes from wastewater before toxic sludge formation.

Performance of Circular Footing on Expansive Soil Bed Reinforced with Geocells of Chevron Pattern Sanjeev Kumar; Anil Kumar Sahu; Sanjeev Naval
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 11 (2019): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Results from laboratory model tests performed on circular footing are presented in this paper to understand the performance of geocell reinforced expansive soil. Naturally occurring expansive soil was used in this study as subsoil. Geocells of chevron pattern fabricated from geotextile made up of polypropylene were used to reinforce the soil bed. The parameters studied in this testing program were the placement depth of the geocell mattress, pocket size of geocell and the height of geocell mattress. Contrary to other researchers; the improvement in the performance of reinforced bed is evaluated at a settlement level equal to the failure settlement of unreinforced soil bed. The performance of reinforced bed is evaluated through two non-dimensional factors viz. bearing capacity improvement factor (If) and settlement reduction factor (PRS%). Test results indicated that with the introduction of geocell as reinforcement, a substantial improvement in bearing capacity and decrease in footing settlement can be achieved. Bearing capacity of reinforced bed increases by more than 200% and 81% reduction in footing settlement was achieved by using geocell mattress of optimal dimensions and placing it just below the footing base.

Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Concrete Pavement Modified by Nanoclay Additive Saif Al-din Majid Ismael; Mohammed Qadir Ismael
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 12 (2019): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Durability of hot mix asphalt (HMA) against moisture damage is mostly related to asphalt-aggregate adhesion. The objective of this work is to find the effect of nanoclay with montmorillonite (MMT) on Marshall properties and moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixture. Two types of asphalt cement, AC(40-50) and AC(60-70) were modified with 2%, 4% and 6% of Iraqi nanoclay with montmorillonite. The Marshall properties, Tensile strength ratio(TSR) and Index of retained strength(ISR) were determined in this work. The total number of specimens was 216 and the optimum asphalt content was 4.91% and 5% for asphalt cement (40-50) and (60-70) respectively. The results showed that the modification of asphalt cement with MMT led to increase Marshall stability and the addition of 6% of MMT recorded the highest increase, where it increased by 26.35% and 22.26% foe asphalt cement(40-5) and(60-70) respectively. Also, the addition of MMT led to increase moisture resistance of asphalt mixture according to the increase in TSR and IRS. The addition of 4% and 6% of MMT recorded the highest increase in TSR and IRS for asphalt cement (40-50) and (60-70) respectively, where they increased by 11.8% and 17.5% respectively for asphalt cement (40-50) and by 10% and 18% respectively for asphalt cement (60-70).

Laboratory Investigation on Discharge Coefficient of Trapezoidal Piano Key Side Weirs Minasadat Seyedjavad; Seyed Taghi Omid Naeeni; Mojtaba Saneie
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 6 (2019): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

A spillway is a hydraulic structure used to provide the controlled release of surplus waters and floods from a dam into a downstream area. A side weir is a multipurpose hydraulic structure which is constructed in water conveyance systems with a height lower than that of the canal wall. When the water surface level goes up, the side weir regulates the discharge and controls the water surface in the main canal. Besides, the side weir controls and diverts floods in dam reservoirs, diverts the flow and protects the structure against the river inundations. In this research, a laboratory investigation is performed with 16 Type-A piano key weirs and three different pier heights of 10, 15 and 20cm. These weirs are studied for two cases of 1 and 2. The results show that the weirs with 15cm and 20cm heights in both cases 1 and 2 have the highest discharge coefficient in dimensionless ratios of 0.2> H/P> 0.4 and H/P>0.5 respectively. Having reviewed previous studies, it could be concluded that the trapezoidal piano key side weir is capable of releasing a flow 1.2 times more than that of the linear trapezoidal labyrinth weir with 12 degrees angle and 1.87 times more than the one with 6 degrees angle, and 1.5 times more than that of the triangular labyrinth weir.

Evaluation of Earth Dam Leakage Considering the Uncertainty in Soil ‎Hydraulic Parameters Mohammad Reza Boroomand; Amirhossein Mohammadi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 7 (2019): July
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Analysis of earth dams is generally conducted in three stages of stability, deformability and water penetration analysis. Lack of sufficient attention to leakage, as one of the most important issues, leads to erosion and destruction of slope stability. The aim of current paper is to analyze the earth dam leakage with respect to the existing uncertainty in soil hydraulic parameters. In this research, the Monte Carlo (MC) method was used to calculate soil hydraulic parameters. Using these parameters, analysis of Alborz earth dam leakage by means of SEEP/W model based on the finite elements method was investigated. Due to the hydraulic conditions of the core soil, the total head value, pore water pressure, and water flux in core region will change. The results indicate that uncertainty in the hydraulic parameters of Alborz earth dam are significant, thus risk is important in this dam. The application of the proposed methodology in estimation of leakage from Alborz earth dam in Mazandaran province reveals its efficiency and proper accuracy in predicting the amount of leakage flow in earth dams with respect to the possible changes in the hydraulic parameters of the soil. Moreover, it was found that the quantity of seepage increases considerably when the dam is without core, therefore, the core is very necessary to decrease the value of seepage through the earth dam.

Page 55 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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