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Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 26227398     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering
Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi, yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Teknik, Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU), Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi menerima artikel ilmiah hasil-hasil penelitian, dan eksperimen, yang mencakup pada bidang Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi, Mesin, dan ilmu yang relevan pada sektor terkait.
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Articles 266 Documents
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Analisis Komposisi Mineral Bottom Ash Boiler Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Spektrometer Xrf Hafiz Rizqa Pratama; Mahyunis .
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.31807

Abstract

Boiler Bottom Ash is a solid waste generated from the palm oil processing industry that has not been optimally utilized. In fact, this waste contains various inorganic compounds such as silica, calcium oxide, potassium oxide, and phosphorus pentoxide which have potential in agriculture, construction, and industry. Previous studies have shown that boiler Bottom Ash has a high content of oxidized silica, but its chemical composition analysis is still limited. This study aims to analyze the composition of palm oil mill boiler Bottom Ash using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectrometer Test. The research method used is a laboratory experimental method with analysis of the mineral composition of boiler Bottom Ash using  X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) Spectrometers. Samples were taken from the combustion of boiler Bottom Ash, then prepared in the form of drying and homogenization before testing. The results showed that boiler Bottom Ash contained 52.43% SiO₂, 19.98% CaO, 9.78% K₂O₅, and 7.88% P₂O₅. These results demonstrate that boiler Bottom Ash has significant potential as an industrial raw material and soil conditioner. This research is expected to support sustainable waste utilization and the circular economy concept.
Kajian Literatur: Perbandingan Material Komposit Keramik C/C, C/SiC, dan Oxide/Oxide untuk Sistem Propulsi Rudal Ridho Hotmartua Manurung; Sovian Aritonang
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.27056

Abstract

Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs)—comprising carbon–carbon (C/C), carbon–silicon carbide (C/SiC), and oxide–oxide variants—have emerged as pivotal materials in high-temperature missile propulsion systems due to their superior thermal and mechanical performance. Recent studies highlight the distinct characteristics of each material type. Specifically, C/C composites exhibit low density and high thermal conductivity, yet suffer from poor oxidation resistance. Conversely, C/SiC composites demonstrate excellent mechanical strength at elevated temperatures, while oxide–oxide composites offer robust oxidation stability but remain limited to intermediate operating temperatures. Despite these insights, an integrated comparative analysis focusing specifically on these three CMC types for propulsion applications has not yet been established. This study aims to address this research gap by conducting a systematic literature review across seven primary parameters: maximum operating temperature limit, oxidation resistance, mechanical strength, thermal shock resistance, strength-to-weight ratio, fracture toughness, and fatigue reliability. The analysis is synthesized from Scopus-indexed scientific literature and other credible databases to identify the most effective CMC system for developing lightweight, durable, and thermally stable missile propulsion components.
Komposit Nano Struktur Keramik Logam untuk Peningkatan Efisiensi Energi pada Sistem Dirgantara dan Pertahanan Fazly Arif; Sovian Aritonang
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.27061

Abstract

This study comprehensively reviews the development and application of metal nano-ceramic composites as high-performance materials for improving energy efficiency in aerospace and defense systems. A literature review was conducted on various reputable international scientific publications such as the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Advanced Engineering Materials, and International Materials Reviews. The analysis results show that SiC, ZrC, HfC, and Al₂O₃-based materials have thermal resistance above 2000 °C, high thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength up to 60% greater than conventional materials. Physically, the increase in energy efficiency is explained by Fourier's law q=−k*dT/dx which describes the heat transfer rate and the micromechanical model σc=Vfσf+(1−Vf)σm which describes the interphase strength distribution of the composite. Microstructural engineering and additive manufacturing technologies play an important role in optimizing the strength-to-weight ratio, thermal stability, and aerothermal resistance in high-speed defense systems. Thus, the development of ceramic-metal nano-structure composites has great potential to support energy efficiency and independence of national defense technology.
Kemajuan Material Komposit Berbasis Termoplastik untuk Helm Balistik yang Ringan dan Berkinerja Tinggi Nabila Zahira Nasution; Sovian Aritonang
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.27057

Abstract

The advancement of modern material technology has driven innovation in ballistic protection, particularly in the development of lightweight yet high-performance helmets for military and law enforcement applications. One of the main focuses of current research is the use of thermoplastic-based composite materials as an alternative to conventional thermoset composites such as epoxy–Kevlar. Thermoplastic composites—such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polypropylene (PP), and polyamide (PA)—offer several advantages, including high toughness, recyclability, and ease of fabrication through thermoforming or compression molding techniques. In terms of the state of the art, numerous studies have demonstrated significant improvements in impact energy absorption and penetration resistance in ballistic helmets reinforced with aramid, UHMWPE, or carbon fibers combined with thermoplastic matrices. However, most research still focuses on individual mechanical testing without a comprehensive approach to the influence of fabrication parameters, fiber–matrix compatibility, or the correlation between microstructural characteristics and ballistic performance. The identified research gap lies in the absence of a systematic review that integrates the latest findings to map trends, technical challenges, and research directions for developing thermoplastic composite materials as optimal solutions for lightweight, ergonomic, and high-performance ballistic helmets. This study aims to identify, evaluate, and critically synthesize the recent advancements in thermoplastic-based composite   materials for ballistic helmet   applications, emphasizingmechanical   performance, ballistic   resistance, and   material   sustainability   potential. Furthermore, this research seeks to formulate recommendations for future research directions in the development of head protection systems utilizing thermoplastic composite materials. The methodology employed is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a descriptive-analytical approach based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses) guidelines. The SLR process includes identification, selection, quality assessment, and synthesis of data from relevant scientific publications published over the past two decades. Through this approach, the study is expected to produce a comprehensive mapping of trends, challenges, and innovation opportunities in the development of lightweight, durable, and sustainable thermoplastic composite-based ballistic helmets.
Design Modification and Strength Analysis of a Bearing Housing Using Finite Element Method Mulyadi Mulyadi; Bobby Umroh; Hendery Dahlan
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.31605

Abstract

Bearing housings are critical mechanical components in small-scale manufacturing machinery. In field operations, standard pillow block designs frequently experience premature structural failures such as material cracking and high deformation under dynamic loads. This study aims to determine the exact structural causes of failure in standard bearing housings used within chain transmission systems and to develop an optimized, structurally superior modified design. The investigation was conducted numerically using open-source tools: FreeCAD for three-dimensional parametric modeling and PrePoMax (CalculiX solver) for Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The component was modeled using ASTM Class 35 Cast Iron with a yield strength of 170 MPa. The loading condition simulated a 1 HP motor running at 1500 rpm with a generated torque of 1.59 kg·m, where the chain tensile force was applied directly to the housing bore. The initial simulation revealed that the baseline design suffered from high stress concentrations around the bolt hole and fillet regions due to insufficient material thickness. The maximum principal stress reached 107.4 MPa, yielding an inadequate safety factor of 1.6 and a displacement of 0.002 mm. To resolve this, structural modifications were implemented by adding reinforcing ribs and thickening the housing profile. The FEA results of the modified design showed a significant stress reduction to 55 MPa (a decrease of approximately 49%). Furthermore, the maximum displacement at the top section dropped to 0.0009 mm, demonstrating a 45% reduction in displacement and higher structural stiffness. Consequently, the safety factor increased substantially from 1.6 to 3.6 (simulated at 3.09 in direct stress ratio). The incorporation of strengthening ribs and wall thickening successfully redistributes operational loads and minimizes material distortion. The modified design satisfies industrial safety regulations and is highly feasible for implementation in small-scale industrial chain drive applications.Keywords: Bearing Housing, Finite Element Method, Stress Concentration, Reinforcing Ribs, Safety Factor.
Karakterisasi Sinyal Sensor Piezoelektrik Komposit Nano Serat akibat Tumbukan Balistik Ananda Maulana Putra Sanjaya; Sovian Aritonang
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.27045

Abstract

This study investigates the characterization and operational mechanism of piezoelectric sensors based on nanofiber composites under high-velocity impact conditions. These sensors utilize the direct piezoelectric effect of PVDF and its copolymer P(VDF-TrFE), enhanced with inorganic nanofillers such as ZnO, BaTiO₃, and CNTs. Through the electrospinning process, nanoscale fibers with molecular chains aligned to the electric field are produced, promoting the formation of the β-phase and enhancing spontaneous polarization. A systematic literature analysis reveals that the addition of nanofillers significantly increases the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃), signal amplitude, and overall sensor sensitivity to dynamic deformation. However, variations in electrode configuration, fiber orientation, filler concentration, and testing methodology lead to discrepancies in quantitative results across studies. Furthermore, explicit Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling is employed to understand the stress-wave propagation and the time-resolved conversion of mechanical to electrical energy. The integration of experimental and numerical approaches proves effective for reconstructing sensor responses under ballistic impact, paving the way for the development of faster, more sensitive, and adaptive impact detection systems in future smart structural applications.

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