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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 15 Documents clear
Forage Accumulation and Nutritional Characteristics of Brachiaria Cultivars Grown in a Semi-arid Environment J. G. Rodrigues; G. dos S. Difante; L. C. V. Ítavo; M. de G. Pereira; A. L. C. Gurgel; A. B. G. da Costa; E. L. de L. Veras; G. O. de A. Monteiro; A. M. Dias; C. C. B. F. Ítavo
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.85

Abstract

The evaluation of the nutritional value and parameters of ruminal fermentation of tropical forages is important, aiming at its efficient use in ruminant feeding. This study was developed to evaluate the forage accumulation, chemical composition, protodioscin content, digestibility, and in vitro degradation kinetics of different Brachiaria spp. cultivars in different evaluation periods. The research was carried out in the semi-arid region of Brazil, from April 2016 to April 2017. The experiment was laid out as a split-plot arrangement in a randomized block design in which five cultivars (B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, and B. brizantha cvs. Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã, and Xaraés) represented the plot and four evaluation periods (establishment, transition, dry, and rainy) the subplot. There was a cultivar × period interaction effect for forage accumulation rate (FAR), for which cv. Xaraés showed the highest mean (54.1 kg/ha.day DM) in the rainy season. The lowest yield was found in cv. Paiaguás in the dry season (24.1 kg/ha.day DM). Cultivars Basilisk, Marandu, and Paiaguás had the highest crude protein content. The highest in vitro dry matter digestibility values were found in cv. Basilisk in the dry, transition, and rainy periods; cv. Marandu in the transition period, and cvs. Paiaguás and Piatã in their establishment. A correlation was found between the parameters of in vitro degradation kinetics and chemical composition. The protodioscin content was highest in cv. Basilisk, during its establishment (5.5 g/kg DM). Cultivars Paiaguás, Piatã, and Xaraés showed low protodioscin values (<1.0 g/kg DM). Cultivars Basilisk, Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã, and Xaraés can be used as forage options in the semi-arid environment, as their forage accumulation potential and nutritional value are suitable for animal production even in periods of lower water availability.
Forage-Yield and Nutrient Quality of New Brown Midrib (BMR) Mutant Lines of Sorghum T. Wahyono; W. M. Indriatama; W. T. Sasongko; E. N. Shafira; T. F. Hidayat; S. Widodo; Y. Widiawati; M. N. Rofiq; Y. N. Anggraeny; A. Kurniawati; Dasumiati
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.63

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, nutrient profile and in vitro digestibility of new BMR mutant lines of sorghum in Indonesia. These mutant lines were GH2.1, GH2.2, GH2.3, GH4.1, GH4.2, GH4.3 and GH4.4. One sorghum mutant line (CTY) and two national sorghum varieties (Super 1 and Bioguma) were also evaluated as controls. In vitro digestibility and rumen fermentation were measured using Ankom Daisy Fermenter and Hohenheim gas test methods, respectively. In vitro measurement consisted of ten treatments with five replications following a completely randomized design. The highest stem sugar content was found in Bioguma (11.22%) and GH4.4 (9.32%) (p<0.05). The Bioguma variety and the GH2.3 mutant line had a higher number of stem segments and fresh forage yield than the Super 1 variety (p<0.05). A greater concentration of crude protein (CP) was observed for the GH.2.1, GH2.2, GH2.3 and GH4.1 lines (p<0.05). The GH2.3 mutant line had the lowest acid detergent lignin (ADL) content (p<0.05), while Bioguma had the highest level of non-fibre carbohydrate (NFC) compounds (p<0.05). The highest relative feed value (RFV) was observed for the GH2.3 line (p<0.05). Furthermore, GH4.2 and GH2.3 had greater in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) (p<0.05) but were not significantly different from Bioguma. Regarding yield characteristics, nutrient composition and in vitro digestibility values, the highest values were found in the Bioguma variety and the GH2.3 mutant line. Except for n-valerate (nC5), significant differences in all rumen fermentation parameters were observed among sorghum cultivars (p<0.05). Regarding the interrelationship between parameters, we found a medium correlation of DMD with the ADL and cellulose content of sorghum forage (R2 = -0.489 and R2 = -0.674, respectively). Based on these findings, the GH2.3 BMR mutant line should be further developed as forage sorghum.
Quantitative Histomorphometry of Pre-ovulatory Follicles and Uterine Glands of Ongole-grade Heifer in Response to the Low Doses of PMSG Administration K. B. Putro; A. Winarto; Amrozi; A. Boediono; W. Manalu
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.1

Abstract

Injection of female mammalian animals with gonadotropin prior to mating using superovulation dose increases estradiol 17beta (E2) synthesis and secretion and improves the growth and development of the uterus to support prenatal growth with the side effect of increasing litter size. This experiment was designed to study the effects of low doses of PMSG injection in heifers on the growth of granulose cells (GC) of pre-ovulatory follicles, E2 synthesis, and uterine glands growth and development. Nine Ongole-grade heifers were divided into three groups of doses of PMSG injection, i.e., 0 IU/kg BW, 0.5 IU/kg BW, and 1.0 IU/kg BW. The injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) was conducted at the early stage of the second follicle wave. Blood samples were collected at estrus (day 0) to measure plasma E2 concentrations. The ovary and uterus were collected for histological observation after slaughtering the animal. The results showed that non-superovulation doses of PMSG injections at the second follicle wave significantly increased the growth of GC that eventually produced a significantly higher plasma E2 concentration by 39.47% and 113.57%, in heifers receiving 0.5 IU/kg BW and 1.0 IU/kg BW (p<0.05), respectively. The increase in E2 synthesis and secretion significantly stimulated the growth and development of uterine glands (p<0.05), which was reflected in the improved measures of uterine glands. In conclusion, injections of heifers with low doses of PMSG at the second follicle wave could increase the growth of GC to produce a higher secretion of E2 that eventually improves the growth and development of uterine glands in the endometrium without the risk of multiple calving.
In Vitro Evaluation of Feed Quality of Fermented Tithonia diversifolia with Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Persea americana miller Leaves as Forages for Goat R. Pazla; N. Jamarun; Arief; Elihasridas; G. Yanti; E. M. Putri
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.43

Abstract

Fermented Tithonia diversifolia and Persea americana miller or avocado leaves as local alternative forages for goats are potential as protein, mineral, and energy sources. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of fermented Tithonia diversifolia (FTD) and avocado leaves (AL) combination on in vitro nutrient digestibility, rumen fluid characteristics, and methane production. This study consisted of 3 trials. Trial 1 evaluated FTD’s nutrient content with Lactobacillus bulgaricus with different durations of fermentation arranged in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and four replications. The treatments were T. diversifolia without fermentation and fermentation of T. diversifolia for 2, 3, 4, and 5 days. Trial 2 was in vitro evaluation on different days of fermented T. diversifolia in a completely randomized design consisting of four treatments and four replications. Trial 3 was in vitro evaluation of FTD for 5 days and AL combination, which consisted of four combinations. FTDAL1 = 20% FTD+80% AL; FTDAL2 = 40% FTD+60% AL; FTDAL3 = 60% FTD+40% AL; and FTDAL4 = 80% FTD+20% AL. Experimental diets were incubated using Tilley and Terry method. Fermentation of T. diversifolia using L. bulgaricus significantly increased nutrient components (p<0.01), nutrient digestibility (p<0.01), and rumen fluid characteristics (p<0.05). In vitro evaluation of FTD and AL combination significantly increased nutrient digestibility, total volatile fatty acid, ammonia concentration, total gas production, and methane production (p<0.05), but insignificantly affected pH rumen fluid. It is concluded that the combination of 80% fermented T. diversifolia and 20% avocado leaves has the potential to increase dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, cellulose digestibility, and rumen fluid characteristics, but it is not optimum to decrease total gas and methane gas production.
Fatty Acid Profiles and Nutritional Indices/Ratios of Colostrum and Transient Milk from Landrace, Large White, and Landrace × Large White Crossbred Sows O. L. Bondoc; A. R. Ramos; A. O. Ebron
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.112

Abstract

Fatty acid (FA) profiles are needed to assess the nutritional quality of sow colostrum and transient milk that may be used in developing milk replacer diets for piglets and their possible use as a functional food or nutraceutical. This study analyzed the FA profiles and compared the FA-based nutritional indices/ratios of colostrum and transient milk from Landrace, Large White, and Landrace × Large White crossbred sows in a swine nucleus breeding farm in the Philippines. Colostrum and transient milk samples were collected by hand within 24 h after parturition and 36–72 h after farrowing, respectively; immediately frozen at –20 °C until analyzed for FA composition by gas chromatography. Among the major FAs with the highest proportions, palmitic acid (C16:0) and linoleic acid LA (C18:2 n-6) were higher in colostrum (20.7% and 25.0%, respectively) than in transient milk (18.7% and 18.8%, respectively). Oleic acid (C18:1 n9c) was higher in transient milk (34.9%) than in colostrum (32.2%). The polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) to saturated FA (SFA) ratio was higher in sow colostrum (0.81:1) than transient milk (0.65:1). However, transient milk had better linoleic acid to α-linolenic acid C18:3 n-3 (LA/ALA) ratio, more balanced omega-6 to omega-3 (n-6/n-3) ratio, slightly lower atherogenicity index (IA= 0.43 vs 0.46) and thrombogenicity index (IT= 0.81 vs 0.85), higher health-promoting index (HPI= 2.33 vs 2.16), and higher hypocholesterolemic/ hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H= 2.66:1 vs 2.55:1) than colostrum. Both colostrum and transient milk from Large White sows had lower IA and IT values and higher PUFA/SFA ratio, HPI, and h/H ratio compared to Landrace sows. Crossbred sows had colostrum and transient milk with lower average IT than purebred sows. The PUFA/SFA ratio, HPI, and h/H ratio in colostrum were also higher for crossbred sows than for purebred sows. In conclusion, colostrum from crossbred sows may be used in the preparation of milk replacer formulations for piglets, while transient milk, especially from Large White sows, may be considered in the development of sow milk - based supplements in the human diet.
The Quality of Frozen Friesian Holstein Semen after Long-Term Storage N. A. Bahmid; N. W. K. Karja; R. I. Arifiantini
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.13

Abstract

Semen cryopreservation is the long-term storage at very low temperatures in liquid nitrogen for future use. This study investigates the quality of frozen Friesian Holstein (FH) semen after long-term storage. Samples of FH semen stored for 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, and 1 years were collected from one of the national centers for artificial inseminations. Frozen semen was stored in containers with liquid nitrogen at -196 ᵒC in a room with a temperature of 20 ᵒC The variables used after thawing were sperm motility, viability, and abnormalities, as well as plasma membrane integrity (IPM) using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), eosin-nigrosine staining, and hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test, respectively. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and expressed as mean ± SEM. The result showed no significant differences in sperm viability, abnormalities, and IPM. Furthermore, sperm motility was >40%, consistent with the Indonesian standard for frozen bovine semen. CASA analysis showed that all variables of the motility pattern have no significant difference, except linearity (LIN). The Lin of sperm was lower in frozen semen after one and five years than after 20 and 25 years of storage. The overall quality of semen after 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, and 1 years of storage met the standard and was suitable for artificial insemination.
Performance, Methane Emission, Nutrient Utilization, and the Nitrate Toxicity of Ruminants with Dietary Nitrate Addition: A Meta-analysis from In Vivo Trials M. Abdelbagi; R. Ridwan; A. Fitri; Nahrowi; A. Jayanegara
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.74

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effects of dietary nitrate addition on performance, methane emission, nutrient utilization, and the nitrate toxicity of ruminants by using the meta-analysis methodology from in vivo trials. A total of 38 published papers and 139 studies were used. Parameters observed were feed intake, animal performance, enteric methane emission, and nitrate toxicity. Data were subjected to the mixed model methodology. Nitrate doses or forms were treated as fixed factors, while the different studies were treated as random factors. Results revealed that nitrate supplementation significantly decreased the milk protein content, milk fat content, dry matter intake, gross energy intake, the molar proportion of the propionic acid, methane production, and the metabolism of vitamin A in a linear pattern (p<0.05). Moreover, nitrate addition significantly increased nitrate intake, the molar proportion of the acetic acid, the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid, hydrogen molecule production, microbial protein synthesis, and nitrite blood levels (p<0.05). However, treatments did not affect the milk yield, final body weight, nitrate retention, and blood methemoglobin. There was a significant interaction among the animal types and the nitrate (forms and doses) on the milk protein content, dry matter intake, rumen pH value, total volatile fatty acids, the molar proportion of propionic acid, NH3 concentration, H2 molecule, microbial protein synthesis, metabolism of vitamin A, and the blood methemoglobin. This concludes that nitrate supplementation is an alternative feed additive for mitigating the enteric methane in ruminants without any adverse effects on animals’ health or performance despite its impact on the feed consumption rate.
Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Coriander Oil Nanoemulsion in Drinking Water K. Sholiha; N. D. Dono; B. Ariyadi; Zuprizal
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.55

Abstract

This research was conducted to investigate the effects of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) essential oil nano emulsion (NCSEO) in drinking water on growth performance and intestinal health (intestinal microbiota and histomorphology) of broiler chickens. A total of 180 one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly allocated into five treatments with four replicates and 9 chicks per replicate pen. Birds were provided NCSEO via drinking water. The treatments applied were as follows: without any addition (T0), drinking water added with 50 ppm antibiotic tetracycline (T1), drinking water added NCSEO at 25 μL/L (T2), 50 μL/L (T3), and at 100 μL/L (T4). Variables observed were characteristics of NCSEO, growth performance, intestinal microbiota (LAB and Salmonella spp.), and histomorphology of intestine (villus height, villus width, crypt depth, villus height to crypt depth ratio). All collected data were analyzed using ANOVA in a completely randomized design. Results showed that the particle size of NCSEO was 13.1 nm with PDI 0,257, zeta potential -5.65 mV, stable, and spherical shape. The addition of NCSEO improved (p<0.05) final body weight, weight gain, and FCR, while no significant differences in feed intake and water intake, increased the LAB population (p<0.05) whereas Salmonella spp. was not found, and stimulated (p<0.05) villus height and width. The addition of NCSEO at 50 μL/L resulting the highest promoting effect on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. It can be concluded that 50 μL/L of NCSEO as an alternative to antibiotics can be supplemented in drinking water to improve the growth performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens.
Safranin-O-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms Reduces Milk Contaminating Bacteria Count and Prevented New Cases of Mastitis B. M. Rodrigues; B. B. Saraiva; R. C. da Silva Junior; K. S. S. Campanholi; C. R. Alcalde; P. C. Pozza; G. S. Madrona; M. S. S. Pozza
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.122

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial capacity of the photosensitizer (PS) safranin-O (Sf), through antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDTa), against strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens (PV1, PVh, and PC3) and Staphylococcus aureus (SV1, SV3, SV5, SC5, SC6, and SC8) isolated from milk from cows and goats and the biofilm formation on equipment. To evaluate the effectiveness of the formulation, studies were carried out through in situ applications of the Sf hydrogel as post-dipping in lactating cows and goats. Antibiogram tests showed the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to ampicillin, trimethoprim, and tetracycline. In the in vitro assays in bovine milk, the PDTa reduced the P. fluorescens (PV1) counts by 17.4% (p<0.05). In goat milk, the PDTa reduced the growth of S. aureus by up to 24.43% (SC8) (p<0.05), and for P. fluorescens (PC3), the inactivation was 50.25%. In biofilm formation, there were reduction of 66.66% (SV1) and 38.27% (SC5) in the adhesion of S. aureus to stainless steel coupons. For in situ applications, photoactivated Sf maintained bacterial counts in bovine milk similar to the control treatment (lactic acid). During the experimental period (28 days), there were reductions of 23.23% and 28.85% in staphylococci and Pseudomonas spp. in cow’s milk and 76.13% for Pseudomonas spp. in goat milk (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in goat milk’s somatic cell count (CCS). These results indicate that photoactivated Sf can help reduce milk contamination and maintain the health of the mammary gland.
Gas Kinetics, Rumen Characteristics, and In Vitro Degradability of Varied Levels of Dried and Fresh Cassava Leaf Top Fermented with Cassava Pulp S. Morm; A. Lunpha; R. Pilajun; A. Cherdthong
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.105

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of different levels of dried cassava leaf top (DCT) and fresh cassava leaf top (FCT) fermented with cassava pulp (CS) on the nutritional value of silage, gas kinetics, rumen characteristics, and in vitro degradability. Dietary treatments were administered using a completely randomized design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replicate runs. The eight treatments were as follows: 1) CS fermented no additive (nA), 2) CS fermented with additives (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, urea, molasses, and sugar) (CSA), 3) 95% CSA fermented with 5% DCT (5DCT), 4) 90% CSA fermented with 10% DCT (10DCT), 5) 85% CSA fermented with 15% DCT (15DCT), 6) 95% CSA fermented with 5% FCT (5FCT), 7) 90% CSA fermented with 10% FCT (10FCT), 8) 85% CSA fermented with 15% FCT (15FCT), respectively. After 21 days of fermentation, samples of the silages were taken for chemical analysis and utilized to examine the in vitro gas production and degradability. The results show that fermented CS with DCT at 5% to 10% DM had the highest increase in CP when compared to nA or CSA (p<0.05). In vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) was significantly higher in CS fermented with 5% to 10% DCT (p<0.01), whereas CS fermented with FCT levels demonstrated lower IVDMD than the control group (p<0.01). The gas potential extent of gas production (p) and gas production from the insoluble fraction (b) did not differ significantly across treatments (p>0.05). However, the gas production from the immediately soluble fraction (a) was maximum when CS was fermented with 15DCT (p<0.05). Different treatments significantly affected the pH of the fermentation solution with the addition of 10DCT and 15DCT for 12 and 24 hours of incubation, respectively (p<0.01). After 12 hours of incubation, the population of protozoa was lowest when 5DCT and 10DCT were evaluated (p<0.01). In conclusion, CS fermented with DCT at a concentration of 5% to 10% can increase crude protein content, in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), and gas production from the immediately soluble fraction while decreasing the protozoa population.

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