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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 21 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 3 (2006)" : 21 Documents clear

THE ADDITION OF SOME COAGULANT AND VARIATION OF pH ON DEGRADATION OF TEXTILE WASTEWATER USING GAMMA RADIATION Agustin Sumartono; Winarti Andayani Lindu; Ermin K. Winarno
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The degradation and decolouration of textile waste water by gamma irradiation has been studied. Textile wastewater contain a mixture of dyes that difficult to degrade using conventional method, therefore it is necessary to find another method to degrade those dyes. Samples from effluent of textile industry were taken at certain time and have different in colour and condition. The addition of coagulant and radiation to remove the colour of the samples were demonstrated. Four kind of treatments were carried out in this experiment namely addition of coagulant, radiation, variation of pH and radiation, and combination of radiation with the addition of coagulant. The parameters examined were the change of spectra intensity, percentage of sedimentation after the addition of coagulant, and the percentage of the degradation. Combination of irradiation and the addition of coagulant induced decolouration and degradation of the waste.

MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS OF Co (II) IN WATER INCLUDING THREE-BODY CORRECTION Cahyorini Kusumawardani; Harno Dwi Pranowo; Crys Fajar Partana; Mudasir Mudasir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In order to describe the cobalt-water interaction correctly, a new ab initio potential was developed consisting of pair interaction terms as well as three-body contributions. Within this approach, it was possible to correct for the well-known failures of pair potentials in describing solvation phenomena of such ions. A first-shell coordination number of 6 in agreement with experimental data were obtained from Monte Carlo simulations of a single cobalt (II) ion in water. The structure of hydrated ion is discussed in terms of radial density functions and coordination number, energy and angular distributions.

THE COMPOSITION AND THE CONTENT OF PIGMENTS FROM SOME DYEING PLANT FOR IKAT WEAVING IN TIMORRESE REGENCY, EAST NUSA TENGGARA Neltji Herlina Ati; Puji Rahayu; Soenarto Notosoedarmo; Leenawaty Limantara
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Ikat weaving is one of traditional-home industry using plant pigments as a dye which have not been known for their pigments composition. So, the research was carried out to know the composition and the content of pigments in young leaf teak, noni root, turmeric tuber, casuarine bark and betel-nut root. The result showed that pigment composition in young leaf teak consisted of β-carotene, pheophytine, phelargonydine 3-glucosyde, phelargonydine 3,7-diglucosyde, chlorophyllide and two other pigments that have not been identified. Most of the pigments composition in betel-nut root have not been identified, but one of them was condensed tanin. Noni root had pigment composition which consisted of hydrolised tanin, flavonoid and morindon. Pigment composition in turmeric tuber were curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Whereas casuarine bark had pigment composition which consisted of delphynidine, cyanydine and phelargonydine. The highest pigment concentration in young leaf teak, betel-nut root, noni root, tumeric tuber and casuarine bark was pheophytine, tanin condensation, morindon, curcumin and cyanidine, respectively.

DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACTANT AND PHENOL IN COASTAL WATERS OF JAKARTA GULF Ermin K. Winarno; Winarti Andayani; Agustin Sumartono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The investigation of the anionic surfactant and phenol contamination in sea water of Jakarta Gulf was carried out. The sea water samples in Jakarta Gulf were collected in May 2004 at 21 stations (sampling sites). The monitoring results indicated that the anionic surfactants were detected in sea water samples from 20 stations with the low varied level from 0.276 mg/L to 0.779 mg/L. The anionic surfactant at the station 21 was detected with the highest value, it was 1.202 mg/L. The phenol pollutants in sea water samples from 16 stations were detected with higher level than permitted concentration for sea water, while the samples from 5 stations were not detected. The phenol concentration in sea water samples were varied from 0.009 mg/L to 1.364 mg/L.

BRIONONIC ACID FROM THE HEXANE EXTRACT OF Sandoricum koetjape MERR STEM BARK (meliaceae) Tukiran Tukiran; Saidah Saidah; Suyatno Suyatno; Nurul Hidayati; Kuniyoshi Shimizu
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

An oleane-type triterpenoid, briononic acid was isolated from hexane extract of the stem bark of Sandoricum koetjape Merr. (Meliaceae). This structure had been established based on spectroscopic data (UV, IR, and NMR) and by comparison with spectroscopic data of related compound that had been reported.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TRIAQUATRISULFISOKSAZOL COBALT(II)SULPHATE.nHYDRATE COMPLEX Sentot Budi Rahardjo; Abu Masykur; Melin Puspitaningrum
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Complex of cobalt(II) with sulfisoxazole (slfs) has been synthesized in 1 : 4 mole ratio of metal to ligands in methanol, the complex formula is [Co(slfs)3(H2O)3]SO4.nH2O. The electric conductivity of the complex in methanol correspond to 1:1 electrolyte. The thermal analysis indicates that complex contain some hydrates. Magnetic Susceptibility measurements show that the complex is paramagnetic with µeff = 4,60(9) BM. Infra red spectra indicates that the primary N-H group coordinated to the center ion, it is signed by a shift of primary N-H group absorption. UV-Vis spectrum appears one peak at λ= 515,5 nm (19.342 cm-1) due to transition peak of 4T1g (F) → 4T2g (P) (ν3) overlay to transition peak of 4T1g(F) → 4A2g(F) (ν2). The value of 10 Dq (Δo) that corresponds to transition 4T1g → 4T2g (n1) is 95,29 kJ.mol-1. Cyclic voltammograms have revealed quasi reversible. The complex probably is octahedral.

DEVELOPMENT OF SIMPLE ANALYTICAL METHOD OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID BY PROPANOIC ACID DETERMINATION USING ALKALIMETRIC TITRATION Sri Handayani; Cornelia Budimarwanti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The content of omega-3 in the fish oil capsules have been determined by alkalimetrie titration method. This method has been done in three ways. Firstly, fatty acids were oxidized by KMnO4 using H2SO4 as catalyst. Secondly, propanoic acid as the result of oxidation was separated by distillation. Furthermore, distillated propanoic acid was titrated. Precision, accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of the research were good enough for further development as a routine method for determination of omega-3 content.

BIOSORPTION OF METAL IONS Pb(II), Cu(II), AND Cd(II) ON Sargassum duplicatum IMMOBILIZED SILICA GEL MATRIX Buhani Buhani; Suharso Suharso; Zipora Sembiring
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Sargassum duplicatum algae biomass is biological material which has a potency to be used as a biosorbent adsorb metal ions from industrial liquid waste, because it has effective functional group as a ligand. However, the ability of the algae biomass in adsorbing of heavy metal ions has some problem such as; tiny size, low density, and easy to be degradated by other microorganism. In addition, algae biomass can not be used directly in adsorption column for its application as the biosorbent. In order to improve physical and chemical prpperties of algae biomass, it needs to be immobilized on silica gel matrix. Series of experiment have been done, morphology analysis of adsorbent surface was performed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and adsorption process to examine the effectiveness of algae biomass immobilized in adsorbing Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) was performed using batch method at 27 °C. Concentration of metal was determined by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and identification of functional group was conducted using Spectrophotometer Infrared (IR). Data obtained showed that interacting among metal ions with algae biomass is optimum at a range of 60 minutes. Adsorption energies of metal ions resulted from the interaction of metal ions with the functional group of -C=O group from carboxyl and amide on algae biomass and -Si-OH group from silica were at a range of 21.09-25.05 kJ/mole.

ALDOL CONDENSATION OF N-ALKYLATED-3-ARYL-4,6-DIMETHOXY-7-FORMYLINDOLES AS A GOOD METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 1-ARYL-6,8-DIMETHOXYPYRROLO[3,2,1-hi]INDOLE-4-CARBOXYLATES Jumina Jumina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Alkylation of 3-aryl-4,6-dimethoxyindole 3a and 3b with methyl and ethyl a-bromoacetates afforded good yields of indol-1-ylacetates 4. Treatment of these indoles 4 with the Vilsmeier formylation reagent gave formylindoles 5 in 54-81 % yield. These formylindole 5 underwent intramolecular aldol condensation when treated with sodium hydride in tetrahydrofuran to give pyrroloindole-4-carboxylates 6 in 30-60 % yield. Structural assignment based on spectroscopic data confirmed the structure of the synthesized pyrroloindoles. In the case of pyrroloindole 6c, the structure of this molecule was also proven by X-ray crystallography data.

STUDY ON THE CONCENTRATION EFFECT OF Nb2O5-ZAA CATALYST TOWARDS TOTAL CONVERSION OF BIODIESEL IN TRANSESTERIFICATION OF WASTED COOKING OIL Astuti Tri Padmaningsih; Wega Trisunaryanti; Iqmal Tahir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Study on the concentration effect of Nb2O5-ZAAcatalyst towards total conversion of biodiesel has been conducted. The natural zeolite (ZA) was activated by dipping in NH4Cl solution and was calcined using N2 atmosphere at 500 °C for 5h to produce the ZAA sample. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst was made by mixing the activated natural zeolite (ZAA), Nb2O5 3 % (w/w) and oxalic acid 10 % (w/w) solution, until the paste was formed, followed by drying and calcining the catalyst for 3 h at 500 °C under N2 atmosphere. Catalyst characterizations were conducted by measuring acidity with NH3 gas using gravimetric method and porosimetric analysis using N2 gas adsorption based on the BET equation by surface area analyzer instrument. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst was then used as an acid catalyst in free fatty acid esterification reaction of wasted cooking oil in methanol medium with variation of catalyst concentration: 1.25%; 2.5%; 3.75% and 5% towards the weight of oil+methanol. The reaction was continued by transesterification of triglyceride in the used cooking oil using NaOH catalyst in methanol medium. For comparison, the esterification reaction using H2SO4 catalyst 1.25% towards the weight of oil+methanol has been conducted as well. Methyl ester (biodiesel) product was analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The characters of biodiesel were analyzed using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) method. The results showed that modification of ZAA by impregning Nb2O5 3% (w/w) increased the total catalyst acidity from 5.00 mmol/g to 5.65 mmol/g. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst has specific surface area of 60.61 m2/g, total pore volume of 37.62x10-3 cc/g and average pore radius of 12.41 Å. The Nb2O5-ZAAcatalyst with concentration of 1.25%-5% produced higher total conversion of biodiesel than that of H2SO4 catalyst 1.25%. The Nb2O5-ZAA catalyst with concentration of 3.75% produced the highest total conversion of biodiesel, i.e. 76.76 %. Based on the ASTM data analysis, the product has a qualification as diesel fuel.

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