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INDONESIA
Bioma : Jurnal Biologi Indonesia
Published by Universitas Negeri Jakarta
ISSN : 01263552     EISSN : 25809032     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21009/bioma.v21i2
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Bioma is a national peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from all area of biosciences fields such as biodiversity, biosystematics, ecology, physiology, behavior, genetics and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 153 Documents
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Isolation and characterisation of lytic bacteriophages for biological control of Salmonella spp. (Enterobacteriaceae) in raw vegetables (lalapan) Affan Gaffar; Ziana Warsani
Bioma Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/bioma.v22i1.67435

Abstract

Salmonella spp. contamination in fresh vegetables, particularly those consumed raw without heat treatment, poses a significant food safety risk. Lytic bacteriophages offer promise as biological control agents due to their ability to specifically lyse target bacteria. This study aimed to isolate and characterise lytic bacteriophages active against Salmonella spp. from raw vegetables. Samples of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), eggplant (Solanum melongena), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), and basil (Ocimum basilicum) were collected from local markets and processed using the double-layer agar method. Two bacteriophage isolates were recovered: SLSp from lettuce and TRSp from eggplant, while no plaques were detected in cabbage or basil. Host range analysis revealed that both isolates lysed only Salmonella spp., with no activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, or Staphylococcus aureus. SLSp exhibited a higher titer (2.2 × 10⁵ PFU/mL) than TRSp (8.9 × 10⁴ PFU/mL). Both isolates remained active at 30°C and neutral pH but showed reduced lytic activity at 60–80°C and under extreme pH conditions (2 and 12). These findings indicate that SLSp and TRSp are promising candidates for development as biocontrol agents against Salmonella in fresh foods.
Formulation and antibacterial evaluation of kombucha bar soap with varying concentrations of patchouli essential oil, Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (Lamiaceae) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (Staphylococcaceae) Meutia Khalida; Diannita Harahap
Bioma Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/bioma.v22i1.67892

Abstract

The demand for natural antimicrobial agents in personal care products has grown as consumers seek safer and more sustainable alternatives to synthetic formulations. This study examined the development of kombucha-based bar soap incorporating varying concentrations of patchouli essential oil (0–3 %) using a Completely Randomised Design. Physicochemical properties, including pH, moisture content, foam height, and foam stability, were evaluated. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was assessed through inhibition zone measurements, while bioactive compounds were identified using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). All formulations met the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The resulting soap has an average pH of 8.0, a water content below 1 %, a foam height of between 5,80–6,50 cm and foam stability of between 77,5–91,5 %. The strongest antibacterial effect was observed with an inhibition zone of 10.67 mm. GC–MS analysis revealed patchouli alcohol and dodecanoic acid as the principal constituents, whose synergistic interaction is presumed to enhance antibacterial activity and product stability. The incorporation of kombucha and 3 % patchouli oil produced a formulation with favourable foaming properties, reliable stability, and promising potential for commercial application.
Dual utilisation of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. (Asteraceae) as bokashi fertiliser and botanical pesticide to enhance growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.; Solanaceae) Dhiva Kinanti Diadara; Weri Herlin; Astuti Kurnianingsih
Bioma Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/bioma.v22i1.67930

Abstract

The application of bokashi fertiliser and botanical pesticides offers a sustainable approach to improving crop productivity. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. (Asteraceae) as both a bokashi fertiliser and a botanical pesticide for enhancing the growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.; Solanaceae). A randomised block design with two factors was employed. The first factor was bokashi fertiliser at two rates (200 and 600 g plant⁻¹), while the second factor was botanical pesticide at four concentrations (0, 150, 200, and 250 g L⁻¹). Observed variables included plant height, flowering time, fruiting time, average fruit weight, and fruit number. Bokashi fertiliser significantly affected chilli growth and yield, with 600 g plant⁻¹ producing the best results. Botanical pesticide application also showed significant effects, with 200 g L⁻¹ providing the most favourable performance across several parameters. Although no significant interaction was detected between the two treatments, the combination of 600 g plant⁻¹ bokashi fertiliser and 200 g L⁻¹ botanical pesticide produced the highest overall yield. These findings demonstrate the potential of C. odorata-based inputs for sustainable chilli cultivation.

Page 16 of 16 | Total Record : 153

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