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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 26155842     EISSN : 26155842     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Health, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences Veterinary
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research (InJAR) is a peer-reviewed quarterly journal published by TALENTA (Universitas Sumatera Utara's Journals Publisher) and managed by Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara. It is based on DIKTI accreditation standard and covers all aspects of agricultural researches including Animal Science and Fisheries, Agribusiness, Agrotechnology and Agricultural Technology. All manuscripts are double-blind refereed before acceptance. InJAR is published in March, July, and November.
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Articles 178 Documents
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Analysis of marketing efficiency and margin of tomatoes in Sabon Gari LGA, Kaduna State, Nigeria Aliyu, Makama Saleh; Yagba, Usman Musa; Dahiru, Magaji Bashiru
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i1.14755

Abstract

The study evaluates the marketing margin and efficiency of tomato marketing in Sabon Gari Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria, where tomatoes are a crucial agricultural product. Despite being the second-largest tomato producer globally, Nigeria's tomato marketing faces challenges such as seasonality and perishability, with insufficient government support for marketing facilities. It’s against this backdrop that the study attempted to determine the marketing margin and efficiency of tomatoes and to identify the tomato marketing constraints in the study area. A multistage sampling method was used to select the respondents. In the first stage, two vegetable markets were purposefully chosen based on the level of patronage they received. The second stage involved a random selection of 20% of the total traders from a list of traders obtained from their association thus making a total of 100 respondents from the two markets. Data were analyzed using basic statistical techniques viz, mean, percentage, and frequency table. Findings revealed that producers received 96.77% and 94.65% of sales in Samaru and Sabo-Gari markets, while wholesalers and retailers received only 1.09% and 3.31%, respectively. The marketing efficiency was notably higher in Sabon-Gari (114.88%) compared to Samaru (35.66%). Major constraints to tomato marketing were perishability, high input costs, and price swings. To enhance efficiency, the study recommends educating Samaru marketers on value addition and improving logistical support, such as timely input delivery, and better storage and transportation facilities.
Effect of water stress on the agronomic, technological, and physiological parameters of several industrial tomato varieties Bourouhou, Mourad; Saadia, Hani
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i1.15119

Abstract

This work consists of comparing 04 varieties of industrial tomatoes, of local origins, grown in dry conditions in order to bring out the best agronomic, technological, and physiological performances in order to cope with colossal imports. The results obtained show that the Rio-Grande variety presents the best agronomic performances, such as the aerial part of the plants, the leaf surface, the number of flowers/plants, and the technological performances such as the Brix and the average weight of the fruits, the Rio-Grande varieties, followed by the Elgon. have the best performance compared to El Karma and Heinz 1350. The study of physiological parameters is carried out according to well-determined protocols, namely chlorophyll A, carotenoids, total proteins, and proline shows that the Rio-Grande variety records the greatest physiological activity, followed by Elgon, among others the Heinz1350 and El Karma varieties, which are the most influenced by lack of water (water stress). Proline shows a significant increase for Heinz 1350 and El Karma tomato plants with 0.67 and 0.56 μg/mg successively, while Rio-Grande records 0.49 μg/mg and therefore the least stressed with respect to the species' reactive oxygen (ROS) and climatic hazards. Our work was validated by statistical analysis.
Optimization medium at the propagation and formation stage of micro tubers some varieties of potato Nasution, Melvi Wahyu Angraini; Siregar, Lutfhi Aziz Mahmud; Basyuni, Mohammad
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i1.16798

Abstract

Potato cultivation in Indonesia is inadequate and experiences fluctuations. One of the obstacles is the limited availability of land for seed propagation and the high cost of in vitro media. The aim of this research is to increase the efficiency of MS media (Murashige and Skoog) for cultivating several potato varieties to form micro tubers in vitro. The research was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, USU Medan from June to November 2023. The research was carried out by planting node cuttings from four potato cultivars (Granola, Dayang Sumbi, Atlantic Malang, and Maglia) on MS medium with optimal concentration (1/2 MS, 3/4 MS, and 1 MS). This research uses two different stages: the propagation stage, namely shoot micropropagation, and the micro tuber creation stage. The results showed that the optimization of 3/4 MS media concentration showed quite good growth compared to 1/2 MS media concentration for growing potato explants in terms of the number of segments, number of leaves and number of primary roots. Furthermore, the optimization of media concentration and varieties did not show any significant influence or difference in the formation of micro tubers based on statistical tests.
Optimizing shallot plant growth and plant nutrient through site-specific fertilizer dose evaluation Solagracya, Jogy Hendro Pratama; Hanum, Hamidah; Sarifuddin
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i1.17133

Abstract

Shallots are a prominent horticultural commodity significantly influencing national inflation. In the West Aceh region, production of shallot was reduced cause of land degradation (low nutrient availability) that can be achieved by optimizing the application of N, P, K fertilizers and manure. This study aims to identify the optimal doses of fertilizers for shallot production, was conducted from July to September 2023 in Langung Village, West Aceh Regency, Aceh Province, using a Factorial Randomized Block Design. The first factor was the dosage levels of N, P, and K fertilizers (50%, 100%, 150%, and 200% of the Ministry of Agriculture's recommended doses: 150 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha ZA, 185 kg/ha SP-36, and 100 kg/ha KCL), and the second factor was manure application rates (0 ton/ha, 15 ton/ha, and 30 ton/ha), with three replications. The results indicated that the optimal doses of N, P, K, and manure fertilizers for shallot production were found in the P3K2 treatment: 225 kg/ha Urea, 225 kg/ha ZA, 277.5 kg/ha SP-36, 150 kg/ha KCl, and 30 tons/ha manure with plant height at 8 Week after planting (WAP) 32.52 cm, bulb diameters 22.51mm, nutrient content of nitrogen 22.51, nutrient content of phosporus 0.21 and nutrient content of kalium 1.42.
Microfinance services and membership of farmer-based organization as drivers of household food security among rice farmers in Niger and Nasarawa States, Nigeria Otitoju, Moradeyo Adebanjo; Olaiya, Anuolu Queensly
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i1.18051

Abstract

Food security in Nigeria is a critical issue, with millions of farming households struggling daily. One potential solution is the provision of microfinance services and the promotion of membership in farmer-based organizations. This study examines the effect of these factors on the food security of 300 rice-farming households in Niger and Nasarawa States. Using descriptive and inferential statistics, ordered probit regression, and the household food insecurity access scale, the study reveals key findings: larger household sizes, older household heads, higher education levels, and larger farm sizes negatively affect food security. Conversely, membership of farmer-based organizations, access to microcredit and microsavings, extension services, farm income, and farming experience positively influence food security. The household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS) analysis shows that only 49% of rice-farming households in the study area are food secure. The study recommends expanding microfinance services, especially microcredit and microsavings, to improve food security among rice-farming households. Additionally, farmers should be encouraged to join farmer-based organizations to enhance their food security.
Examining small-scale cattle farmers’ willingness to participate in livestock auction markets in Bushbuckridge Local Municipality Nyembe, Zanele Nonhlanhla; Hlongwane, Jan Johannes; Nengovhela, Rudzani
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 2, July 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i2.15536

Abstract

This study explored the willingness of small-scale cattle farmers in Bushbuckridge Local Municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa, to participate in livestock auction markets. Agriculture, a cornerstone of economies, heavily relies on livestock farming in South Africa. However, small-scale cattle farmers face challenges in market participation. The study investigated the factors influencing farmers' willingness, emphasizing socio-economic characteristics. Using descriptive statistics and logistic regression, the research unveils significant factors, providing insights for targeted interventions. The logistic regression model indicates a statistically significant relationship between education level, farm size, access to agricultural information, farming experience, and farmers' willingness to engage in auction markets. Notably, higher education levels and larger farm sizes positively correlate with willingness, while increased access to agricultural information and excessive farming experience exhibit negative correlations. The findings have crucial implications for policy interventions, suggesting the need for educational programs to enhance farmers' awareness of auction markets, initiatives to increase farm sizes, and improved dissemination of agricultural market information.
Display of fresh semen quality, frozen semen production, and field fertility of Bali bulls (Bos sondaicus) in different season Fatmila, Dian Tria; Yudi; Purwantara, Bambang; Hasan, Fuad; Sutanto, Wahyudi Himawan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 2, July 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i2.20096

Abstract

Bali cattle is one of Indonesia's local cattle that has high economic potential. The quality of the semen used plays an important role as a factor in the success of artificial insemination (AI) programs. Climate change, including temperature variations, rainfall, and length of solar exposure, can affect the quality of fresh semen produced by bulls. Differences in environmental conditions can affect semen characteristics, such as spermatozoa concentration, motility, and morphology, which in turn have an impact on the field fertility rate. The aim of this study is to explore the differences in male fertility based on environmental conditions that change throughout the seasons. The research method used in this study is non-experimental, using secondary data on the quality of fresh semen and frozen semen production collected from the Regional AI Center, Bali Province. In addition, this study also used data from the big data of the National Animal Health Information System (iSIKHNAS) to calculate field fertility represented by conception rate. Climate data was obtained from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysics (BMKG) Bali Province, the data collected was climate data in Tabanan Regency. The differences in the appearance of fresh semen quality, frozen semen production, and field fertility were analyzed using the Independent T-Test. In this study, there was no significant difference in fresh semen quality, frozen semen production, and field fertility (P>0.05) in all parameters, but the average reproductive performance of bali bulls was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season.
Assessment of women involvement in locust beans processing in Ejigbo Local Government Area Alao, Oluwagbenga Titus; Amossou, Tobi Esnade; Abioye, Gabriel Ifeoluwa
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 2, July 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i2.16883

Abstract

A two-stage selection technique was employed to randomly pick the benefits, profitability analysis, and restrictions associated with women's participation in locus bean production within designated villages in Ejigbo Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. A structured interview protocol was employed to collect primary data from 120 respondents. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics executed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The respondent’s average family size was 6 individuals with 73.33% of the respondents between the ages of 14 and 60 being married women. Also, 23.33% of the respondents possessed secondary education, with 2% attaining tertiary education. Likewise, 72% of the respondents identify as Christian, with 62.50% obtaining the requisite abilities for this enterprise from their parents. Furthermore, 67.50% utilized domestic labor for executing procedures involved in locust bean production. The profitability analysis revealed that each N1 invested in the enterprise generated a profit of N0.35, indicating the profitability of the firm as an alternative for additional income. Furthermore, processing experience in terms of year and age exhibited a positive and significant correlation; household size demonstrates a positive yet non-significant correlation, years of education indicate a negative and significant correlation. Conclusively, women's involvement in locust bean processing is a lucrative venture, but face challenges like inadequate financing, high costs of raw materials, firewood, and transportation. Consequently, governments and non-governmental organizations should promote the engagement of young graduates in local bean processing by supplying time-efficient machinery and contemporary processing apparatus, in addition to connecting them with established marketplaces.
Morpho-anatomical characterization of Moringa oleifera in Benue State, Nigeria Okpara, Onyinyechi Priscilla; Orkuma, Nomyange
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 2, July 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i2.17893

Abstract

Morpho-anatomical investigations are invaluable tools for understanding plant ecological strategies and functional adaptations. This study aimed to evaluate the foliar micro and macro morphological variations in Moringa oleifera accessions in Benue State. Methods: Plant materials were collected from three Local Government Areas (Makurdi, Gboko. and Ushongo) in Benue State Nigeria. Quantitative and qualitative foliar features were evaluated from 50 randomly selected trees comprising four plant stands in each population of accession.  Epidermal characters were measured and statistically analysed using SIMINT. Results the macro morphological characters evaluated showed that ADGBK (Gboko) accessions had the longest leaflet length (24.00mm), width (15.33mm) and area (367.20mm2). While, the micro-morphological characters (epidermal cell) in NBMKD (Makurdi) accession had the longest cell length (52.10 µm), cell width (UAMKD = 18.44µm) and cell area (808.59 µm2).  The stomatal length (UTUSH = 48.00 µm) and width (LSUSH = 24.03 µm) of accessions from Ushongo were the highest. Percental stomatal index value was notably highest (27%) in WUMKD (Makurdi) accessions. The mean leaf morphological and anatomical characters analysed showed significant difference at (p≤ 0.05). Conclusion:  Moringa oleifera accessions evaluated showcased unique foliar morphological variations which were due to tolerance and adaptation strategies by each accession to local environmental conditions.
Effects of zeolite-amended sandy soil on moisture, ash, and protein content of Swiss Chard Sindesi, Olwetu Antonia; Ncube, Bongani; Lewu, Muinat Nike; Mulidzi, Azwimbavhi Reckson; Lewu, Francis Bayo
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): InJAR, Vol. 8, No. 2, July 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v8i2.18592

Abstract

Soil degradation and water scarcity are major challenges affecting crop productivity in sandy soils. Zeolite, a naturally occurring aluminosilicate mineral, has been explored as a soil amendment to improve soil properties and enhance plant growth for various crops. However, limited information on the influence of zeolite soil amendment on Swiss chard nutritional content. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa from late autumn to late spring. The study accessed the effects of zeolite soil amendment on dry matter yield, moisture content, crude ash, and crude protein of Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla cv. Ford Hook Giant) over five harvests. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomised block design with four treatments 0; 10; 20 and 30% zeolite application to sandy soil, all at 12 kg sandy soil or sandy soil and zeolite mixture. Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and treatment means were compared using Fisher’s least significant difference test at a 5% probability level. The results of this study show that zeolite through its porous nature, high cation exchange capacity and alkalinity may be used to improve water availability to plants (moisture content) while at the same time improving dry matter yields and mineral accumulation (crude ash content). However, zeolite did not improve the crude protein contents of Swiss chard, which is a function of nitrogen assimilation. Nevertheless, 20–30% zeolite application levels can be used as an effective method to combat soil degradation and mitigate drought-related challenges. These rates improved dry matter yields, enhanced crop moisture content, and promoted crude ash and/or mineral accumulation in Swiss chard.

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