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Sumatera utara
INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 26155842     EISSN : 26155842     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Health, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences Veterinary
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research (InJAR) is a peer-reviewed quarterly journal published by TALENTA (Universitas Sumatera Utara's Journals Publisher) and managed by Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara. It is based on DIKTI accreditation standard and covers all aspects of agricultural researches including Animal Science and Fisheries, Agribusiness, Agrotechnology and Agricultural Technology. All manuscripts are double-blind refereed before acceptance. InJAR is published in March, July, and November.
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Articles 191 Documents
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Screening and evaluation of maize varieties for resistance to Spodoptera frugiperda Anggria Lestami; Ummi Maysaroh; Rahmatika Alfi; Hafnes Wahyuni
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i1.20567

Abstract

Maize is one of the staple food crops in the world, but the entry of Spodoptera frugiperda pests has reduced national maize production. Most farmers control these pests by using pesticides that cause harm to human health and the environment, so that other environmentally friendly control alternatives are needed, namely the use of resistant varieties. This study aims to obtain maize varieties that are resistant to Spodoptera frugiperda attacks. This study used a one-factor Randomized Block Design (RBD), namely maize varieties, consisting of five varieties, namely: Bisi 2, Bisi 18, Pertiwi 3, Pioneer 32, and NK 212. Each variety was repeated five times. Based on the results of observations of vegetative and generative growth parameters, it was obtained that the NK 212 variety had the best growth and production compared to other varieties. Meanwhile, the results of observations of Spodoptera frugiperda attacks showed that Pioneer 32 was a resistant variety with the lowest attack intensity. Although the NK 212 variety showed the best growth and yield, the Pioneer 32 variety proved to be more resistant to pest attacks. Therefore, variety selection must consider the balance between pest resistance and potential production results.
Effect of selected mycorrhizal strains and six soil series on phosphorus availability in South-Western Nigeria Adebimpe Adebukola Aboderin; Gbade Oyewumi Oyediran
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i1.20180

Abstract

The availability of soil phosphorus is a major constraint to crop production. This could be ameliorated by mycorrhizal inoculation. This study assessed the effect of selected mycorrhizal strains and soil series on phosphorus availability in South-Western Nigeria. The study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. The two factors tested in the pot trials were four treatment levels, including: no mycorrhizal inoculation (control), and inoculation with Glomus mosseae, Glomus clarum, and Glomus fasculatum, respectively, and six soil series (Iwo, Apomu, Itagunmodi, Araromi, Egbeda, and Gambari series) collected from different locations in South-Western Nigeria. The experimental design was factorial, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Phosphorus (P) uptake was determined from the plant after harvesting. Root infectivity was determined by the grid line intersects method. Data were analyzed using SAS at P ≤ 0.05, and means were separated using the Least Significant Difference. Results showed that the Apomu series with Glomus fasculatum produced the highest mycorrhizal infectivity (57.42%). The highest P uptake of 5.33 g/plant was obtained from the Iwo series with Glomus fasculatum.
Study of paclobutrazol application time and different varieties on the growth and production of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) Amin Wahyudi Pane; Nini Rahmawati; Luthfi Aziz Mahmud Siregar
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i1.20770

Abstract

The decline in cucumber production is mainly due to inefficient cultivation therefore, plant growth regulators and superior varieties are needed to increase productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol application time and superior cucumber varieties on plant growth and yield. The research was conducted from August to October 2024 at Jalan Galang, Pagar Merbau III Village, Lubuk Pakam District, and at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. The experiment used a randomized block design with two factors: paclobutrazol application time (7, 14, 21, and 28 DAT) and cucumber varieties (Monas F1, Komanda F1, and Zatavy F1), with three replications. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the 5% level. The observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, number of female flowers, male-to-female flower ratio, number of fruits, fruit length, fruit diameter, and fruit weight. The results showed that plants without paclobutrazol showed higher plant height and leaf number, whereas paclobutrazol application at 21 DAT improved yield components, including number of fruits, fruit length, fruit diameter, and fruit weight. Zatavy F1 showed the best growth performance, with an average plant height of 194.67 cm, 76.27 leaves, and fruit weight of 4,149.93 g per plant. Monas F1 produced earlier female flowers, shorter harvest age, and larger fruit size, averaging 14.60 fruits per plant, fruit length 34.53 cm, and fruit diameter 71.9 mm. No significant interaction was observed between the application time of paclobutrazol and variety.
Analysis of biochemical and bioactive content of red rice cv Sidikalang through gamma ray irradiation induction (M4) Parlindungan Lumbanraja; Dunan Naibaho; Susana Tabah Trina Sumihar; Ferlist Rio Siahaan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i1.21185

Abstract

Red rice derives its characteristic color from anthocyanin pigments located in the pericarp and outer endosperm layers, which contribute to its biochemical and bioactive properties. Gamma-ray irradiation is widely applied as a mutation induction technique to enhance genetic variability and improve functional traits in crop plants. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical and bioactive content of the red rice cv Sidikalang following gamma-ray irradiation. The experiment was conducted at the Central Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, from October 2024 to February 2025, using a single-factor Randomized Block Design with irradiation doses of 0, 200, 400, and 600 Gy and three replications. Biochemical and bioactive parameters analyzed included carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin A, fiber, ash, water content, and anthocyanin. The results showed that gamma-ray irradiation had no significant effect on protein, fat, vitamin A, and carbohydrate content, but significantly affected water content, fiber, ash, and anthocyanin. Irradiation doses of 200-600 Gy resulted in significantly higher fiber and anthocyanin content compared to the control. These findings indicate that gamma-ray irradiation has the potential to enhance specific functional and nutritional traits of red rice, providing valuable insights for mutation breeding programs aimed at developing nutritionally improved rice varieties.
Antifungal activity of papaya leaf extract against Fusarium oxysporum in red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) Desi Sri Pasca Sari; Lita Nasution; Nico Syahputra Sebayang; Asmawati; Dali
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i1.20508

Abstract

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a high-value horticultural commodity in Indonesia; however, its production is frequently constrained by Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum, a destructive soil-borne pathogen capable of inducing substantial yield losses. The intensive use of synthetic fungicides for disease management poses environmental risks and may disrupt soil microbial balance, thereby necessitating the development of sustainable and eco-friendly control strategies. This study aimed to assess the antifungal efficacy of papaya (Carica papaya L.) leaf extract against F. oxysporum under in vitro conditions. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five extract concentration treatments and three replications. Antifungal activity was evaluated based on the inhibition of fungal mycelial growth on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. The results indicated that papaya leaf extract significantly suppressed the radial growth of F. oxysporum, with inhibitory effects increasing proportionally to extract concentration. Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant effect of treatment concentration on fungal growth inhibition. The highest antifungal activity was observed at a concentration of 8.5 ml, suggesting optimal suppression of mycelial development. These findings demonstrate that papaya leaf extract possesses strong antifungal properties and has considerable potential as a plant-based biocontrol agent for the management of Fusarium wilt in chili pepper cultivation.
Effect of post-harvest loss reduction practices on household food security of cowpea farmers in Niger and Nasarawa States, Nigeria Tosin Olawoye; Moradeyo Adebanjo Otitoju; Olaide Oluwafemi Olawoye
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 2, July 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i2.19962

Abstract

This study evaluated the influence of post-harvest loss reduction procedures (PHLRP) on the food security of cowpea farmers in Niger and Nasarawa States, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was utilized, resulting in the random selection of 216 cowpea producers from six local government areas, with 108 respondents from each chosen state. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including the household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS) and ordered logit models, were employed to assess food security status and evaluate the influence of post-harvest loss reduction methods on food security outcomes. The HFIAS analysis indicated that nearly all cowpea farmers in the study area experienced food insecurity, highlighting the contradiction of food insecurity among households that are primary producers of a vital food crop. Results of the marginal effect showed that the use of pirimiphos-methyl was positive and significantly enhanced the possibility of household food security (p < 0.01). In contrast, granary storage (p < 0.05) and training access (p < 0.10) were significant but reduced the probability of food security among the cowpea farmers. This paper provides empirical information regarding the significance of adaptable PHLRP on enhancing food security for smallholder cowpea farmers, presenting practical policy recommendations for agricultural extension and rural development initiatives in Nigeria. Major constraints faced by the cowpea farmers were the high cost of improved storage materials and high transportation costs. The study, recommends making Purdue-improved cowpea bags readily available to reduce post-harvest losses, while encouraging farmers to form cooperatives to share transportation costs.
The influence of socioeconomic factors, accessibility and production on the welfare of maize farmers Sasmita Siregar; Khairunnisa Rangkuti; Rini Sulistiani; Nurhajijah; Syahib Ashiddiq Panggabean
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 2, July 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i2.20326

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays L.) is a major food commodity that plays an important role not only as a source of carbohydrates but also as a raw material for various industries. In Indonesia, corn is considered a strategic commodity that can help reduce dependence on rice as a staple food. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the welfare of maize farmers in Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). The variables examined included socioeconomic factors, accessibility, production, and farmer welfare. Data were collected from 100 maize farmers in Simalungun Regency. The results indicate that socioeconomic conditions, accessibility, and corn production significantly affect farmer welfare. The model produced an R² value of 0.387, suggesting that the independent variables explain 38.7% of the variation in farmer welfare. Measurement model evaluation showed satisfactory validity and reliability, with loading factors above 0.60, Cronbach’s Alpha values above 0.60, Composite Reliability values above 0.70, and Average Variance Extracted values above 0.50, indicating that the model is fit and the latent variables have substantial effects on welfare. The findings imply that improving farmer welfare requires strengthening socioeconomic conditions, enhancing access to production inputs and infrastructure, and increasing farm productivity. Policy support through improved access to capital, agricultural extension services, infrastructure development, and stronger farmer institutions is therefore recommended.
Analysis of oil palm land characteristics in Muting District, Merauke Regency, South Papua Province Diapari Siregar; Ratna Mauli Lubis; Benny Hidayat
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 2, July 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i2.20510

Abstract

The growth and productivity of oil palm are strongly influenced by land characteristics. Merauke Regency, particularly Muting District, South Papua Province, has extensive land potential for oil palm development but requires a detailed evaluation of land suitability. This study aimed to analyze field land characteristics to determine land suitability classes for oil palm plantations. Field surveys and laboratory analyses were conducted in October 2022, using secondary climate data, direct soil morphological observations, and soil physical–chemical analyses. The parameters evaluated included rainfall and the number of rainy days over the past five years, as well as soil physical and chemical properties, and soil morphological characteristics. The results indicate that the study area is classified as Type-B climate according to the Schmidt and Ferguson (1951) classification. The dominant soil type is Acrustoxic Kanhaplustults, characterized by clay-dominated texture and generally low to very low chemical fertility status. These soil conditions suggest inherent limitations for optimal oil palm growth. Based on the land suitability evaluation following the criteria of the Palm Oil Research Center, the study area is classified as S3 (marginally suitable) for both actual and potential suitability classes. Light-limiting factors include rainfall, soil texture, and drainage, while moderate-limiting factors consist of dry months, effective soil depth, and soil pH. These constraints indicate the need for appropriate land management and soil improvement strategies to enhance productivity. Overall, this study provides essential baseline information for sustainable land development planning for oil palm plantations in Muting District, Merauke Regency.
Analyzing factors influencing land utilization for food production among rural landowners in Ga-Mphahlele Village Kamogelo Morwatshoge Maruma; Rudzani Nengovhela; Jan Johannes Hlongwane
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 2, July 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i2.24554

Abstract

Land plays a crucial role in ensuring food production and supporting rural livelihoods in South Africa. However, in Ga-Mphahlele Village, a significant portion of land owned by rural households remains underutilized, leading to reduced food production. This study aimed to analyze factors influencing land utilization for food production among rural landowners in Ga-Mphahlele Village, Limpopo Province. Primary data were collected from 75 rural landowners using structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to describe socio-economic characteristics and land utilization patterns, while a binary logistic regression model was applied to determine factors influencing land utilization for food production. The results showed that only 41% of respondents actively utilized their land for food production, while 59% did not. The average age of respondents was approximately 60 years, reflecting an aging farming population.  Age, employment status, marital status, access to agricultural extension services, soil fertility, and type of farming equipment were found to influence land utilization significantly. Access to extension services was highly significant, highlighting the importance of institutional support in promoting land utilization. The study concludes that strengthening extension services, improving soil fertility management, supporting vulnerable households, and facilitating access to modern farming equipment can significantly increase and enhance land utilization for food production among rural landowners. These findings provide evidence-based insights for policymakers to design targeted interventions aimed at strengthening rural food production and livelihoods.
Optimal level of Bacillus spp. fermented soybean meal utilization in broiler diets under commercial conditions: effect on gut morphology and microbiota Arif Martien Putra; Ma’ruf Tafsin; Nevy Diana Hanafi; Winda Fransisca Saragih; Yusni Khairani Tampubolon
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): InJAR, Vol. 9, No. 2, July 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v9i2.24736

Abstract

Fermented soybean meal (FSM) using Bacillus spp. has the potential to be used as a functional feed ingredient to improve the intestinal health of broiler chickens, but the optimal level of use in feed in the commercial broiler industry has not yet been determined. A total of 20.000 cobb 500 broilers were allotted to four dietary treatments: control (T0) and rations containing 1.5% (T1), 2.5% (T2), and 5.0% (T3) FSBM, each with five replications. The chickens were reared under commercial industry conditions. Over a 28-day period, parameters measured included Growth performance indicators, small intestine histomorphometry, microbial populations, catalase and motility activity, and lactic acid bacteria counts. FSBM supplementation had no significant (P>0.05) effect on performance (feed intake, body weight gain, feed change ratio). However, T2 significantly increased basal and apical pH in the jejunum (P<0.05), along with elevated LAB counts and reduced intestinal pH, compared to the control. In conclusion, fermentation with Bacillus spp. represents an effective strategy to reduce anti-nutritional factors and enhance feed quality. The improved intestinal morphology and lactic acid bacteria populations in broilers observed in this study suggest that 2.5% FSBM. Therefore, Bacillus spp. fermented soybean meal has potential as a functional feed ingredient for commercial broiler production.

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