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Marine Research in Indonesia

MRI
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 02162873 EISSN : 24432008 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences

MARINE RESEARCH IN INDONESIA (MRI) has been published since 1956 by Indonesia's oldest marine research institute, the Research Center for Oceanography of LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences). MRI focuses on physical, chemical, biological, geological oceanographic as well as coastal management studies in the Indonesian seas and the adjacent Indo-Pacific region.

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Articles 567 Documents

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THE PROBLEMS OF CONSERVATION OF CORAL REEFS IN NORTHWEST SABAH Langham, Nigel P.E.; Mathias, Jack A.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

In March 1974 a survey was made of the coral reefs of NW Sabah centered on three main areas (1) Kota Kinabalu, (2) Kudat and (3) Labuan. At various sites within these areas, the coral reefs were assessed according to the extent of living coral, the damage resulting from fish blasting, mining and sedimentation, and the accessibility for tourism.The coral reefs in this region support a significant fishery accounting for about 30 percent of the fish landings both in weight and monetary value. Reef fish are caught by lines, gill nets, and illegal use of explosives. The latter method has seriously damaged a number of reef habitats resulting in a marked drop in the fauna including valuable fish and invertebrates.Coral mining for limestone used for foundations of buildings and roads has been carried out on accessible reefs near Labuan and Kota Kinabalu. The removal of coral heads has resulted in extensive reef damage especially near Labuan.Recent efforts have been made to preserve these reefs and has led to the establishment of a national park around Pulau.Gaya. However, a number of other areas require protection both to safeguard the fishery and promote tourism.

OBSERVATION ON BEACH EROSION AND CORAL DESTRUCTION BY REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES Praseno, Djoko P.; Sukarno, -
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Remote sensing techniques were used to observe beach erosion at Sengkidu Beach, Labuan Amuk, east coast of Bali. Erosion was caused by wave actions flowing over destructed coral reef. Aerial photography was found useful in obtaining first hand information of the destructed corals and its affects on the beach.

DISTRIBUTION OF CORAL COMMUNITIES ON REEF SLOPES IN THE MASCARENE ARCHIPELAGO, INDIAN OCEAN Faure, Gerald
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Three zones and sic "horizons" are defined and described on the basis of topographic elements, growth forms of corals, generic and specific diversity of scleractinians and associated fauna and flora - : Spurs and grooves zone of coral-built morphogenesis ("horizon superieur" 0-5m, "horizon intermediaire" 5-15m, "horizon inferieur" 15-20m); Spurs and grooves of volcanic morphogenesis 20-25m; Volcanic flagstone ("horizon superieur" 25-30m, "horizon moyen" with sponges and corals, 30-35m, "horizon inferieur" with gorgonians and antipatharia 35-50m). A total of 98 species belonging to 58 genera were collected on reef slopes. It was found that there is a successive increase in generic and specific diversity from the upper part (36 species), to 20 meters (63 species), related to the decrease of exposure to wave action. The decrease in the number of species from 25 (54 species) to 50 meters (?18 species), proves that light becomes a limiting factor below 25-30m. Nevertheless, sedimentation effects, biological competition (algae, sponges, alcyonarians?.) and other factors are very significant in determining community structure of corals. A comparative study (quantitative and qualitative distribution, zonation) with other localities is suggested as conclusion.

DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF CRYPTOFAUNA FROM LIZARD ISLAND, GREAT BARRIER REEF Hutchings, Patricia A.; Weate, Penny D.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

A series of replicate samples of dead coral reef habitats was collected across Yonge Reef on the outer and inner reef (back reef) and on fringing reefs around Lizard Island. Five categories of habitats were selected, branching, thin plates, high percentage of live coral, solid reef, rock with either a small surface area or a large surface area, and easily broken up. The surface area, volume, percentage cover of epifauna and flora, and biomass of cryptofauna were determined for each habitat. An estimate of the percentage of cavity space (i.e. available living space for cryptofauna) occurring in each habitat was made. The cryptofauna is dominated by polychaetes, molluscs, and sipunculans. Habitats on inner Yonge have a larger biomass of cryptofauna than similar habitats found on outer Yonge or on fringing reefs around Lizard Island. Differences in physical attributes of the habitat together with exposure and surrounding species of coral and sponges may be responsible for these differences.

CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF SHALLOW WATER OCTOCORALS. OCCURRENCE OF CEMBRANOLIDES IN PSEUDOPLEXAURA AND EUNICEA Ciereszko, Leon S.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Gorgonians of the genus Pseudoplexaura, from a variety of geographical locations, yield crassin acetate as the major cembranolide. The cembranolides found in Eunicea collected at different locations vary. Eunicin is found in Eunicea mammosa from Bimini, and from a number of other locations. Its position isomer Jeunicin, has been found in the Eunicea from Jamaica. Eunicea from Curacao yields an epimer ot eunicin, Cueunicin, while that from Puerto Rico yields Eupalmerin acetate, and Peunicin occurs in Eunicea collected off Panama. The cembranolides are toxic to various aquatic organisms. They inhibit ciliary action in the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis, and in the larvae of the nudibranch Phestilla sibogae.

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION ON LIVING HABITS OF ACANTHASTER PLANCI (LINNAEUS) AT PULAU TIKUS, SERIBU ISLANDS Azis, Aznam; Sukarno, -
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

During the period of June 1975 to August 1975, observations on living habit and some ecological aspects of Acanthaster planci were made at Pulau Tikus, Seribu Islands. The observations, limited to 8 metres deep, were made at the outer reef located south of Pulau Tikus, covering an area of about 4000 square metres. The density of living stony corals and the damaged caused by the feeding activities of A. planci were also studied. The results show that the average numbers of A. planci per month is 20 individuals per 4000 m2. The sizes of the starfish vary between 26-41 cm in diameter and the number of arms between 10 - 18. The moving distance of the starfish is 0.3 - 8 metres in 24 hours. The stony corals affected are Acropora squamosa (BROOK), A. spathulata (BROOK), A. Latistella (BROOK), A. quelchi (BROOK), Fungia sp.. Montipora ramosa BERNARD, Porites sp., DipIoria sp., and Goniatrea sp.

SPECULATION CONCERNING SPECIATION IN CORAL REEF FISHES Nursall, J. R.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

The relatively constant equatorial marine environment provides a milieu within which biotic factors provide the chief selective forces acting on fish species. Increasing diversity increases evolutionary opportunity by heterotrophic magnification. Niche availability is almost limitless, space (volume) is the ultimate constraint. Abiotic thresholds, e.g., seasonal isotherms, are filter barriers to emigration to higher latitudes. Beyond such thresholds, abiotic, factors become the chief selective forces acting on fish species.

THE FISHES OF SEAGRASS COMMUNITY ON THE WEST SIDE OF BURUNG ISLAND (PARI ISLANDS, SERIBU ISLANDS) AND THEIR VARIATIONS IN ABUNDANCE Hutomo, Malikusworo; Martosewojo, Sularto
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 17 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Monthly collections of fishes in a seagrass community on the west of Burung Island, Pari Islands, were made from May 1975 to February 1976. Seventy-eight species of fishes were collected. Number of specimens, size range, and modal size are given for each month for each species. Number of species and specimens were found highest in July. Relative and total abundances of the more numerous species are summarized. Apogon margaritophorus was the predominant species in the fish community of the area. Notes on the spawning of Siganus canaliculatus are presented, since this species attracts the attention of many mariculturists. The separation of these fishes into four groups is also discussed.

THE MANAGEMENT OF MANGROVES IN AN URBAN SITUATION Hutchings, P. A.; Recher, H. F.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Sydney is an affluent city of nearly three million people surrounding three well developed estuaries and a shallow protected bay. These areas all originally had extensive wetlands of salt marsh, mangroves and sea-grass flats. The areas are now being rapidly reclaimed or destroyed by port development, marinas, canal estate development, playing fields, garbage tips or damaged by industry. They are also economically important fishing and oyster farming areas and the water masses are heavily used for recreation. In this paper we have selected three areas of wetlands in this region, threatened by different types of development and we discuss their ecology and their traditional biological attributes and the unique attributes that such areas have in an urban affluent society. These are their educational and recreational values to the community. We describe the planning of an education field centre adjacent to an urbanized wetland area and construction of boardwalks through the mangroves.

ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS TO EAST AUSTRALIAN MANGROVE FORESTS AND TIDAL MARSHES Davie, J. D.S.; Hegeri, E. J.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

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Aan J. Wahyudi

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aanj001@lipi.go.id

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Location
Kota adm. jakarta selatan,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA