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Marine Research in Indonesia

MRI
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 02162873 EISSN : 24432008 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences

MARINE RESEARCH IN INDONESIA (MRI) has been published since 1956 by Indonesia's oldest marine research institute, the Research Center for Oceanography of LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences). MRI focuses on physical, chemical, biological, geological oceanographic as well as coastal management studies in the Indonesian seas and the adjacent Indo-Pacific region.

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Articles 567 Documents

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THE MANGROVE FORESTS OF CAIRNS, NORTHERN AUSTRALIA Hegerl, E. J.; Davie, J. D.S.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Surveys of the flora and fauna of the Cairns tidal wetlands were carried out by members of the Australian Littoral Society during the summers of 1974 and 1975. These wetlands cover an area of 6000 hectares in Trinity Inlet and the Barron River delta. The Cairns mangrove and saltmarsh vegetation forms distinct patterns of zonation which appear to be largely controlled by the volume and constancy of freshwater flow. The results of extensive collections revealed a wetlands associated fauna of invertebrates and fish that is considerably more diverse than has previously been reported for northern Queensland. While some species are ubiquitous, many of the invertebrates have been found only in a discrete habitat within particular zones of vegetation. Species diversity of molluscs and crustaceans is greatest in the most constantly inundated zones. A diverse fauna occurs in rotted mangrove logs. Data were obtained on the export of organic material from a small mangrove watershed on one day in December 1975. These revealed a figure for detritus of 11.3 gC/m2/day. This was composed of a 'dissolved' organic carbon fraction of 6.3 gC/m2/day, and 5.0 gC/m2/day of particulate organic carbon. These figures are discussed in relation to available literature on mangrove forests and estuaries. Rapid urban and agricultural development of Cairns is now placing a large portion of these wetlands under serious threat of destruction. The prospects for the future conservation of the Cairns tidal wetlands are discussed.

ADAPTATIONS OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS TO LIFE IN MANGROVE SWAMPS Malley, D. F.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Decapod crustaceans such as sesarmid and ocypodid crabs and thalassinid lobsters are conspicuous in numbers and bio mass on the mangrove swamp floor. An understanding of their biology and physiology is concomitant with a full understanding of their role in swamp ecology and management and for controlling them when they are pests or for augmenting their usefulness. The swamp environment of decapods is essentially a moist, low oxygen (in standing water), very broad intertidal habitat with an abundant food source available in angiosperm tissue. Present knowledge of the biology of mangrove decapods will be briefly summarized, such as feeding, respiratory, reproductive and behavioural adaptations, and including reports on feeding by Chiromanthes spp. in Malaysian swamps. In addition, the paper will attempt to identify fruitful areas for physiological and ecological research such as metabolic adaptations to angiosperm diet.

MEASUREMENT OF PHYSIOGRAPHIC CHANGES ON MANGROVE-FRINGED ESTUARIES AND COASTLINES Bird, E. C.F.; Barson, M. M.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Studies of physiographic changes are in progress on mangrove-fringed shorelines in Westernport Bay in Victoria, and Cairns Bay in Queensland, Australia. Historical evidence of advance or retreat of these shorelines has been obtained from comparison of historical maps and air photographs with the present configuration, and supplemented by monitoring shoreline" changes with reference to established datum points during the past decade. In addition, changes in substrate level within the mangrove fringe, on mudflats to seaward, and on salt marshes (where present) to landward have been measured with reference to vertical changes on inserted poles, accretion over emplaced brick-dust layers, and changes in probe depths to underlying horizons (rock, sand, or peat) Results indicate that the advance of Avicennia marina on to mudflats is followed by relatively rapid and generally sustained vertical accretion related to interception of sediment within pneumatophore fields. Other mangroves or salt marsh species then replace Avicennia, and continued accretion leads to the development of a depositional marshland terrace, representing a re-shaping of the inter-tidal profile by the agency of vegetation. Mangroves that produce pneumatophore fields are considered to be more effective in trapping sediments than stilt rooted mangroves such as Rhizophora spp. or buttressed mangroves such as Bruguiera spp.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIDAL FORESTS (MANGROVES) AND COMMERCIAL SHRIMP PRODUCTION IN INDONESIA Naamin, Nurzali
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

An attempt has been made to relate the surface areas of tidal forest (mangrove) and the commercial shrimp production in those areas and adjacent waters in Indonesia. A significant linear relationship (a = 0.01) was obtained between these two variables as expressed in an equation : Y = 5.473 + 0.1128 X, where Y k the shrimp production in 103 tons and X is the mangrove surface area in 104 Ha. This relationship indicates that the shrimp production increases with the size of the tidal forest area implying that any reduction of the tidal forests, e.g. for industrial and agricultural purposes will cause a decrease in shrimp yield.

BURROWING CENTRAL AMERICAN MANGROVE LAND CRABS AND THEIR BURROW ASSOCIATES Bright, Donald B.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

General remarks on the following aspects of the life history of land crabs are presented: migration, shedding of eggs, molting, juveniles and food. The nature of the crab burrows and the associated burrowdwelling organisms also are presented. The distribution of burrowing land crabs is discussed with respect to three general plant formations in gecarcinid crab localities, ie., Mangrove-Estero, Island and Strand patterns.

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MANGROVE COMMUNITIES ON THE CENTRAL QUEENSLAND COASTLINE Saenger, P.; Robson, J.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

The mangrove communities of the Central Queensland coastline are structurally and floristically intermediate between the relatively simple, temperate mangrove communities to the south, and the more complex and luxuriant communities to the north. Climatically the central Queensland coastline is subtropical with a low (1011 mm) annual rainfall, falling mainly in the summer months; evaporation rates are high, particularly in winter. As a result of a four-metre tidal range and a gentlysloping depositional coastline, the areal extent of mangroves is large and most topographic and physiognomic types are represented. Twelve species of mangroves occur in the study area and although zonation is recognizable, the zones are neither constant nor discrete. In the Port Curtis area, three large plots (500 m2 have been established in which all mangroves have been numbered and tagged since January 1975. The results of the initial investigation of the plots are presented together with some of the changes noted on re-examination after 12 months.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE MANGROVE FOREST ON PULAU RAMBUT, JAKARTA BAY Kartawinata, Kuswata; Walujo, Eko B.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Pulau Rambut (± 56ha) is one of the islands of the Pulau Seribu group. It is a coral island covered by disturbed forest and secondary growth at the center, and mangrove forest at its periphery. A study in a 290 x 10 m transect running south to north across the mangrove forest shows a distinct zonation as follows : the Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea - Lumnitzera racemosa community on coral flat with patchy shallow soils on the interior, the Rhizophora mucronata community on relatively deep soil overlaying coral formation, and the R. mucronata - R. stylosa community on periodically submerged coral flat. Profile diagrams established along the transect show structural changes also. The R. mucronata forest is the most developed community and appears to be the most prevalent. R. stylosa forms the pioneer species on this island.

NOTES ON THE TEREBRALIA PALUSTRIS (GRASTROPODA) FROM THE CORAL ISLANDS IN THE JAKARTA BAY AREA Soemodihardjo, Subagjo; Kastoro, Widiarsih
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 18 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

A dense population of Terebralia palustris occurs in many coral islands in the Jakarta Bay area, living usually in association with mangrove communities. A preliminary study on this gastropod has been carried out in two islands, Pulau Rambut and Pulau Burung, which concerned with population density and structure, length-weight relationship, rate of growth, and the effect of prolonged desiccation and starvation. Analyses were made on the properties of the substrate including soil component, organic matter content, pH, salinity, and daily temperature fluctuation at the soil's surface.No less than 130 specimens per square meter were counted in the most densely populated place in Pulau Rambut. The length frequency distribution showed a bimodal histogram, and the length-weight relationship was represented by the following equation: W = 0.00024 L2'5534 where : W = dry weight in gram; L = length in milimeter.A number of young individuals were confined in a fenced area for growth study. During the first four-month they gained an average additional length of 10 mm. Out of water and starved this gastropod may survive for three months.

ECOLOGY OF THE DUGONG AND ITS MANAGEMENT Nishiwaki, Masaharu
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 19 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Today, many people know that the mythical mermaids of legendal stories originated from the animals belonged to the order Sirenia. Sirenians can be devided into two groups, manatees of the Atlantic coasts and the dugong of the IndoPacific area. Table I shows the present living species belong to the order Sirenia.

ESTUARINE MANAGEMENT AREAS: A PRIORITY RANKING SYSTEM Olsen, H. F.
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 19 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

The Queensland Fisheries Service is the instrumentality responsible for administration of fisheries matters within Queensland, Australia. The Fisheries Act provides legislation to protect, conserve, manage and develop the aquatic resources of the State. As a means of evaluating resource data a priority ranking system is proposed which provides for both quantitative and qualitative assessments of estuaries in terms of regional planning for best land use.

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Aan J. Wahyudi

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Kota adm. jakarta selatan,

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