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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08520798 EISSN : 24075973 DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.xx.x.xx-xx

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Reaktor invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. Reaktor publishes scientific study/ research papers, industrial problem solving related to Chemical Engineering field as well as review papers. The journal presents paper dealing with the topic related to Chemical Engineering including: Transport Phenomena and Chemical Engineering Operating Unit Chemical Reaction Technique, Chemical Kinetics, and Catalysis Designing, Modeling, and Process Optimization Energy and Conversion Technology Thermodynamics Process System Engineering and products Particulate and emulsion technologies Membrane Technology Material Development Food Technology and Bioprocess Waste Treatment Technology

Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019" : 7 Documents clear

Second Generation Biobutanol: An Update Dian Burhani; Eka Triwahyuni; Ruby Setiawan
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Butanol, a rising star in biofuel, can be produced by two approaches, petrochemically and biologically. Currently, the most promising route for butanol production is by fermentation using Clostridium species through an anaerobic condition. However, similar to other biofuels, feedstock has greatly influenced the production of biobutanol and the search for inexpensive and abundant raw material is an absolute requirement for a cost-effective process. Second-generation biobutanol which is produced from lignocellulosic biomass of agricultural and forestry waste not only meets the requirement but also alleviates competition with food crops and thereby solves the problems of food scarcity from the first generation biobutanol. This paper delivered the latest and update information regarding biobutanol production specifically second-generation biobutanol in terms of production method, recovery, purification, status, and technoeconomic. Keyword: biobutanol, lignocellulose, purification, recovery, technoeconomic

Simulation of CO2 Conversion into Methanol in Fixed-bed Reactors: Comparison of Isothermal and Adiabatic Configurations Fadilla Noor Rahma
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) has been widely considered as a potential solution to overcome global warming. Conversion of CO2 into methanol is an interesting option to transform waste into value-added chemical while also reducing greenhouse gases emissions in the atmosphere. In this paper, utilization of CO2 into methanol was simulated using Aspen Plus software. The reaction between CO2 and H2 to produce methanol and water was carried out in a simulated fixed-bed reactor with Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 commercial catalyst, following LHHW (Langmuir – Hinshelwood – Hougen – Watson) kinetic model. Isothermal and adiabatic reactor configurations were compared under similar feed conditions and the concentration profile along the reactor was observed. The result showed that isothermal configuration converted 3.23% more CO2 and provided 16.34% higher methanol yield compared to the adiabatic reactor. Feed inlet temperature variation was applied and the effect to methanol production on both configurations was studied. The highest methanol yield for adiabatic and isothermal reactor was obtained at 200 oC and 240 oC respectively.

The performance of a pilot-scale anaerobic hybrid bioreactor on palm oil mill effluent treatment Adrianto Ahmad; Bahruddin Bahruddin; David Andrio; Amir Hamzah
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Contemporarily, Indonesia and Malaysia are the largest contributors of crude palm oil (CPO) in the world by up to 40%, and 37.3%, respectively. Furthermore, its production value this year reached 19.7 million tons, where each generates 2.5 m3 of wastewater. Meanwhile, of all the provinces in Indonesia specifically, Riau is the largest supplier for exports by up to 38%, generated from 225 palm oil mills, where a total of 6.3 million tons resulting in the generation of about 15.75 million m3 of wastewater, with organic content between the range of 30,000-60,000 mg COD/l. In addition, one of the uses of this wastewater includes anaerobic processes, with the double benefit of reducing COD concentrations, subsequently applying it as fertilizer, and also in the production of methane gas, as an alternative source of energy. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to observe the effect of bioreactor volume, scale-up on the performance of anaerobic hybrid bioreactors, in the treatment of mill effluents. The technology examined in this study was the anaerobic hybrid bioreactor with the dimensions of length 22 m, width 10 m, and depth 1.5 m, and a total volume of 330 m3, which is impermeable to oxygen, and a 250 m3 effective working volume. This was built and operated at a hydraulic retention time of 1 day, in the Palm Oil Mill of Riau, and the results showed the environmental conditions to range from a pH of 7.2 to 8.0, with temperatures from 320C to 350C, acetic acid of 774 mg/l to 1,180 mg/l, and alkalinity of 2,149 mg/l up to 2,400 mg/l. Furthermore, the performance of these reactors are shown by the highest COD removal efficiency of 77.8%, and a biogas test for the propensity of being applied as an alternative energy source obtained a methane gas concentration of 54%. Keywords: anaerobic, bioreactor, biogas, wastewater, performance, palm oil mill effluent

Effect of hydrocolloid on characteristics of gluten free bread from rice flour and fermented cassava flour (Fercaf) Dianika Lestari; Made Tri Ari Penia Kresnowati; Afina Rahmani; Lienda Aliwarga; Yasid Bindar
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Gluten free (GF) bread was made from rice flour and fermented cassava flour. Fermented cassava flour (FERCAF) was produced using a specific design of closed and circulated fermenter, which resulted on a white and neutral aroma flour. However, FERCAF did not have structural component (such as gluten) to provide dough's viscoelasticity and ability to retain gas to hold the volume of bread after baking. Hydrocolloids were added to FERCAF based GF bread to increase water binding of dough. This research aimed to investigate the effect hydrocolloids addition on the characteristics of GF bread made from rice flour and fermented cassava flour (FERCAF). Effect of hydrocolloids to flour ratio (2 %, 3 % and 5 %-wt) and types of hydrocolloid (xanthan gum, agar, and carrageenan) on specific volume of bread, bake loss, bread texture, and microstructure of the bread were investigated. Bread textures were measured using Texture Profile Analyzer (TPA), and microstructure was analysed by SEM. Data experiment showed that addition of hydrocolloids improved GF bread characteristics, specifically increased volume specific, increased porosity, and reduced hardness of GF bread.Keywords: gluten-free bread; cassava; fermented cassava flour; Fercaf; hydrocolloids

Kinetics and equilibriums adsorption of Cu (II) ion by chitosan and cross-linked chitosan-bentonite Hargono Hargono; Angga Mei Sarah; Feninda Nevrita; Bakti Jos
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The sorption of Cu (II) particle from aqueous solution onto chitosan and cross-connected chitosan-bentonite (CTS-BTN) as adsorbent were conducted in batch conditions. The impact of different test parameters: starting pH, sorption time was assessed. Equilibrium studies have been completed to decide the limit of chitosan and CTS-BTN for Cu (II) particle. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used in the examination of the trial information as linearized conditions. It was discovered that the isotherm information were all around portrayed by the Langmuir isotherm. Chitosan and CTS-BTN showed an adsorption capacity of 125 mg/g and 142.86 mg/g, respectively. The constant of adsorption rate was investigation utilizing a pseudo first order and a pseudo second order model. The pseudo second order model brought about the best fit with test information (R2= 0,991 for CTS and R2= 0,995 for CTS-BTN), additionally giving a constant rate k2, ads= 8.85 x 10-5 g/mg min for CTS and 3.72 x 10-4 g/mg min for CTS-BTN. Recommending that this model could be used in design and applications.Keywords: adsorption; Cu(II) ion; chitosan; cross-linked; isotherm; kinetics

Study on Organic Redox Flow Battery Mechanism using TEMPO and FMN-Na Solutions Faishal Maulana Kusumah; Dita Baeti Pridiana; Peter Kusnadi; Dessy Ariyanti
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Among numerous energy storage technologies, redox flow battery is one of the promising technologies that can be used to supply reliable continuation of electricity to electricity grids with a scale up to MW or MWh. In this paper, the process mechanism and optimization of redox flow battery using organic solution such as Riboflavin-5’-phosphate sodium salt dihydrate (FMN-Na) as anolyte and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) as catholyte were investigated. Sodium and chloride ions in salt feed were moved respectively to anolyte and catholyte by electrochemical reaction of electrolytes during the charge process and return to the feed during the discharge process. The study was carried out by given electric current with different voltage to graphite electrode range 1,5-10,5 volts and TEMPO concentration 0,02-0,08 M. The result shows that the optimum voltage is 7,5 volts with the concentration of TEMPO 0,06 M. The result also confirms the role of TEMPO solutions in the cathode. In addition to that, the FTIR and SEM analysis to the sedimentation generated during the process also revealed the change of the anolyte and catholyte after charging process.Keywords: Organic; Flow Battery; TEMPO; FMN-Na; energy storage

Biofilm Based on Modified Sago Starch: Preparation and Characterization Dewi Sondari; Faizatul Falah; Riska Suryaningrum; Fahriya Puspita Sari; Athanasia Amanda Septefani; Witta Kartika Restu; Yulianti Sampora
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 3 September 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Biofilms made from modified sago starch to improve the mechanical and physical properties have been studied. This study aimed to prepare and characterize biofilms from sago starch and modified sago (acetylation, oxidation, cross-link and precipitation). Modified of sago starch was prepared by some methods: precipitation using ethanol as solvent, acetylation modified of sago starch using acetic anhydride, oxidation modification using hydrogen peroxide and cross-link modification using sodium acetate. Biofilms were made from modified sago using glycerol with a concentration of 1.0% weight, where glycerol acts as a plasticizer to impart the thermoplasticity of the starch film. Biofilm made from native sago was then compared to biofilm from modified sago starch. The effects of modified sago starch to the biofilm were measured on its moisture contents, contact angle value, mechanical properties such as elongation and tensile strength. The chemical structures were evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and morphology of biofilm were measured by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The optimum condition of modified sago starch used in biofilm in this study is by acetylation. The result show that modified acetylation of sago starch can improve the properties of biofilm Keywords: biofilms, sago, acetylation, oxidation, cross link, SEM, FTIR

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Dessy Ariyanti

Contact Email dessy.ariyanti@che.undip.ac.id

Phone +62247460058

Journal Mail Official j.reaktor@che.undip.ac.id

Editorial Address Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang 50275

Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Dessy Ariyanti

Contact Email
dessy.ariyanti@che.undip.ac.id

Phone
+62247460058

Journal Mail Official
j.reaktor@che.undip.ac.id

Editorial Address
Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang 50275

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA