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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012" : 20 Documents clear
TINGKAT KEGANASAN KANKER SERVIKS PASIEN PRA-RADIASI MELALUI PEMERIKSAAN AgNORs, MIB-1 DAN Cas- 3 Kurnia, Iin; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Khaisuntaha, Mafaza
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2269

Abstract

Kanker serviks sering ditemukan di negara berkembang. Pengobatan kanker melalui radioterapi untuk mengetahui tingkat proliferasi dan mengurangi tingkat keganasan. Biomarker proliferasi dan apoptosis berupa AgNORs, MIB-1, dan Caspase 3. Namun belum dijelaskan mengenai korelasi ketiga biomarker dalam kaitannya dengan proliferasi dan apoptosis pada sel kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui korelasi antara AgNORs, MIB-1, dan apoptosis pada kanker serviks. Penelitian observasional laboratoris menggunakan metode pewarnaan dengan menekankan kontras warna antara sitoplasma dan inti sel. Objek berupa sediaan mikroskopis dari 30 biopsi pasien kanker serviks. Pengambilan data dengan metode crocker dan blind manner. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi, dari ju mlah 21 pasien yang diamati menunjukkan. AgNORs dan MIB-1 memiliki angka relatif tinggi. Angka yang diperoleh ini berbanding terbalik dengan apoptosis yang relatif rendah. Korelasi antara AgNORs dengan MIB-1 menunjukkan r= 0,33 dan p= 0,15. AgNORs dengan apoptosis memiliki korelasi negatif yakni, r=-0,08 dan p= 0,73. MIB-1 dengan apoptosis memiliki korelasi negatif pula r= -0,18 dan p= 0,43. Kesimpulannya korelasi AgNORs dengan apoptosis memiliki kecenderungan lebih baik dari pada MIB-1 dengan apoptosis.Cervical cancer is often found in the developing countries. The treatment of cancer through radiotherapy was performed to determine the proliferation level and to reduce the malignancy level of cancer. The proliferation and apoptotic biomarkers were AgNORs, MIB-1, and Cas- 3. However, the correlation between the three biomarkers in relation to the proliferation and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells was not clear. The purpose of the study was to determine the correlation between AgNORs, MIB-1 and apoptosis in cervical cancer. This study was an observational research laboratory using a staining method to emphasize the color contrast between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the cells. The microscopic preparations of the 30 patients with cervical cancer biopsies had been used as the study objects. Data was collected using the Crocker and Blind method and was then analyzed using correlation test. Data from 21 patients with AgNORs and MIB-1 showed a relatively high value. The figure obtained was inverse proportionally to the relatively low apoptotic value. The correlation between AgNORs and MIB-1 showed r = 0.33 and p = 0.15. There was negative correlation between AgNORs and apoptosis at r = -0.08 and p = 0.73. Meanwhile, between MIB-1 and apoptosis has also a negative correlation at r = -0.18 and p = 0.43. It was concluded that the correlation between AgNORs and apoptosis tended to be better than the MIB-1 and apoptosis.
Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin A terhadap Penurunan Parasitemia Mencit Strain Swiss yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei Isnaeni, Umi; Iswari, Retno Sri; WH, Nugrahaningsih; Susanti, R.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.3930

Abstract

Vitamin A merupakan vitamin yang berperan sebagai imunostimulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pemberian vitamin A dapat menurunkan parasitemia Plasmodium berghei pada mencit strain Swiss. Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor mencit strain Swiss jantan berumur 6-8 minggu dengan berat badan 20-30 gram/ekor. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan time series design. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan perlakuan berupa pemberian vitamin A dengan 3 variasi dosis yaitu 0 IU/g BB, 35 IU/g BB dan 70 IU/g BB serta kelompok kontrol negatif dengan masing- masing kelompok terdiri dari 6 ekor mencit. Vitamin A diberikan 1 jam sebelum penginfeksian dan mencit dirawat sampai mencit pada kelompok kontrol negatif mati. Sediaan apus darah tipis dibuat 2 hari sekali dan parasitemia dihitung dengan pengecatan Giemsa. Data parasitemia dianalisis dengan ANOVA.Untuk hasil yang signifikan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Post hoc pada taraf kesalahan 1%. Hasil uji ANOVA untuk kelompok perlakuan B, C dan D diperoleh nilai p <0,001 pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan. Hal tersebut menyatakan bahwa adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada perlakuan yang diberikan. Begitu juga untuk uji lanjut Post hoc yang telah dilakukan diperoleh nilai p < 0,001. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian vitamin A berpengaruh terhadap penurunan parasitemia Plasmodium berghei pada mencit strain Swiss.Vitamin A is a vitamin that acts as an immunostimulant. This research aims to determine whether the administration of vitamin A can reduce parasitaemia of Plasmodium berghei in Switzerland strain mice. This research used 24 mice Switzerland strain mice 6-8 weeks old weighing 20-30 grams/tail. Research conducted experimentally by using time series design. In this research, the provision of vitamin A treatment with 3 doses of variation is 0 IU/g BW, 35 IU/g BW and 70 IU/g BW as well as the negative control group, with each group consisting of 6 mice. Vitamin A was given 1 hour before infection then treated mice to mice in the negative control group died. Thin blood smears were made 2 days and parasitaemia was calculated by Giemsa staining. Parasitaemia data were analyzed with ANOVA. Significant results then followed by a further test Post hoc at 1% error level. ANOVA test results for the treatment group B, C and D obtained value of p <0.001 for each treatment group. It is claimed that there are significant differences in the treatment given. Likewise for further Post hoc testing that has been done obtained value of p <0.001. It can be concluded that the administration of vitamin A affects the reduction in parasitaemia of Plasmodium berghei in Switzerland strain mice.
PERTUMBUHAN KALUS DAUN DEWA [Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr.] DENGAN KOMBINASI 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID DAN KINETIN SECARA INVITRO Khaniyah, Samkhatin; Habibah, Noor Aini; -, Sumadi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2274

Abstract

Tanaman daun dewa [Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr.] berguna untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah, mengobati diabetes, tumor, dan sebagai obat anti kanker. Daun dewa mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu flavonoid, saponin, dan minyak atsiri. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya kultur in vitro yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan jumlah metabolit sekunder, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang induksi kalusdengan penambahan kombinasi 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid dan kinetin yang tepat dapat digunakan untuk menginduksi kalus daun dewa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh konsentrasi 2,4-D dan Kinetin serta interaksi keduanya terhadap induksi kalus daun dewa. Analisis menggunakan anava dua arah dan uji lanjut Duncan. Parameter yang diamati adalah parameter persentase eksplan yang hidup, persentase berkalus, berat basah, kering kalus, serta tekstur dan warna kalus . Dari Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan diperoleh hasil tertinggi pada konsentrasi 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 0.5 ppm dan konsentrasi kinetin 1 ppm sebesar 33.33% pada parameter persentase berkalus.Daun dewa [Gynura procumbens (Lour). Merr.] plant can be used to lower the blood cholesterol levels, to treat diabetes and tumors, and may be used as an anti-cancer drug. Daun dewa plant produces of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, and essential oils. An in vitro culture is a necessity to increase the quantity of secondary metabolites using callus induction with the addition of a combination of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin to induce daun dewa callus. The research will ecamine the influence of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and Kinetin in various concentrations and their interaction on callus induction of daun dewa. Data were analyzed using advanced two-way anova and Duncan test. The test showed that the highest yeield was obtained from the combination of 0.5 ppm 2,4-D and 1 ppm kinetin, where 33.33% of plants had callus.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI VIRUS AVIAN INFLUENZA SUBTIPE H5N1 DI PETERNAKAN TRADISIONAL KECAMATAN GUNUNGPATI SEMARANG Wibowo, Angga Ari; Susanti, R.; Ulum, Farikhul; W.H., Nugrahaningsih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2270

Abstract

Avian Influenza (AI) atau yang lebih dikenal dengan flu burung disebabkan oleh virus influenza yang bermutasi menjadi patogen. Penelitian tentang isolasi dan identifikasi virus AI subtipe H5N1 perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberadaan virus tersebut khususnya di kecamatan Gunungpati. Desain penelitian adalah eks ploratif dengan pengumpulan sampel usap kloaka secara acak di lima kelurahan di kecamatan Gunungpati. Sampel usap kloaka ditumbuhkan pada telur ayam berembrio SPF, kemudian diisolasi RNA-nya dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi subtipe virus AI menggunakan Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR) dengan primer pendeteksi gen H5 dan N1. Hasil positif apabila visualisasi hasil elektroforesis dari produk PCR menunjukkan pita-pita spesifik panjang 219 bp untuk H5 dan 131 bp untuk gen N1-nya. Limapuluh sampel usap kloaka yang diisolasi dari lima kelurahan di Gunungpati, delapan isolat positif VAI dan enam diantaranya positif H5N1 dengan angka prevalensi 12%. Isolat positif berasal dari 2 spesies itik (16,67%), 2 dari entok (11,76%) dan 2 dari angsa (18,18%). Dari lima kelurahan yang diambil sampelnya, tiga kelurahan ditemukan positif virus H5N1 masing-masing kelurahan Sekaran (6,67%), Kalisegoro (16,67%) dan Pakintelan (15,78%). Unggas-unggas air di peternakan unggas tradisional berpotensi sebagai penularan virus AI, khususnya subtipe H5N1.Avian Influenza (AI) or better known as bird flu is caused by influenza viruses that mutate into a pathogen. Research on the isolation and the identification of H5N1 subtype needed to be carried out to determine the presence of the virus, particularly in the subdistrict of Gunungpati. The study design was explorative by collecting cloacal swab samples randomly from five villages in Gunungpati. The cloacal swab samples were cultured in embryonated SPF chicken eggs, then the RNA was isolated and followed by the identification of AI virus subtype using Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) with H5 and N1 gene detecting primers. A positive result is obtained if the visualization of the electrophoresis of PCR products showed bands with specific length of 219 bp for H5 gene and 131 bp for N1 gene. Fifty cloacal swab samples were isolated from five villages in Gunungpati, and eight of them were positive isolates and six of them were H5N1 positive with the prevalence rate of 12%. The positive isolates were derived from two species of duck (16,67%), 2 from wild duck (11,76%) and 2 from geese (18,18%). Of the five sampled villages, three villages were found to be H5N1 positive, i.e. Sekaran village (6,67%), Kalisegoro village (16,67%) and Pakintelan village (15,78%). Water birds in traditional poultry farming were considered potential as the transmitters of AI virus, particularly of H5N1 subtype.
POTENSI HIDROLISAT TEMPE SEBAGAI PENYEDAP RASA MELALUI PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK BUAH NANAS Machin, Achmad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2275

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perlunya pengembangan penyedap rasa alternatif berbahan hidrolisat tempe dan proses pembuatannya, menguji jenis asam amino, kadar protein dan uji organoleptik. Metode eksperimen digunakan pada penelitian ini. Pengujian jenis asam amino melalui teknik kromatografi, kadar protein terlarut melalui metode Biuret dan uji organoleptik produk dibandingkan penyedap rasa sintetis. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah pengembangan penyedap rasa hidrolisat tempe perlu dilakukan karena alasan dampak mengkonsumsi penyedap rasa sintetis, pengembangan teknologi, sumber penghasilan dan potensi penelitian. Proses pembuatannya melalui penambahan sari nanas pada tempe yang telah dikukus dan diblender dengan perbandingan tempe:air:sari nanas 1: 0,5:0,5. Pengovenan selama 2 jam pada suhu 55C, penambahan dektrin + NaCl (masing-masing sebanyak 0,5 gr/100 gr tempe), pengovenan kembali selama 2 jam pada suhu 55C. Perlakuan B2 (pengovenan pada suhu 55C selama 2 jam) menghasilkan asam glutamat. Produk ini berpotensi membentuk monosodium glutamat dengan penambahan NaCl. Jumlah protein terlarut dipengaruhi oleh lama pengovenan dan suhu. Produk hidrolisat tempe sebagai penyedap rasa menghasilkan rerata kesukaan warna (3,3 = menarik), aroma (3,9 = sangat suka) dan menghasilkan cita rasa sama jika ditambahakan sebanyak 2 kali dibandingkan penyedap rasa sintetis.This research was aimed to describe the need for the development of alternative flavor made from hydrolyzated tempe and its manufacturing process, to test the types of amino acid, to measure the protein levels and to test the favor organoleptically. This was an experimental study. The types of amino acid was tested using chromatographic technique, the level of soluble protein was tested using Biuret method and the products were compared organoleptically. The study showed that the development of hydrolyzated tempe flavoring needs to be performed by the reason of the impact of consuming synthetic flavors, the technology development and the research potential. The manufacturing process was done by adding pineapple juice in steamed and blended tempe (the ratio of tempe:water:pineapple juice was 1:0.5:0.5), and then baked for 2 hours at the temperature of 55C, added with NaCl + dextrine (each as much as 0.5 g/100 g tempe), baked again for another 2 hours at 55C. The treatment B2 (baked at temperature of 55C for 2 hours) produced glutamic acid. This product has potentially forms monosodium glutamate with the addition of NaCl. The total soluble protein was affected by the length of the baking time and the temperature. The products i.e. the hydrolyzated tempe as the flavor enhancer yielded an average color preference of 3.3 (i.e. interesting), aroma of 3.9 (i.e. like much), and produced the same taste when using as much as twice volume of the product compared to the synthetic flavors.
EFEK PERENDAMAN INFUSA DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) TERHADAP KUALITAS DAGING AYAM POSTMORTEM Agustina, Feri Dwi; Widiyaningrum, Priyantini; Yuniastuti, Ari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2271

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi efek perendaman daging ayam broiler dalam konsentrasi infusa daun salam yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan desain faktorial dengan 3 taraf konsentrasi infusa (0%; 5%; dan 10%) serta dua waktu pengamatan yaitu 0 dan 8 jam setelah perlakuan perendaman. Parameter yang diukur meliputi rata-rata bilangan peroksida, pH, kadar air dan water holding capacity (WHC). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian dan uji perbedaan akibat perlakuan dilakukan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengukuran pH dan WHC sesaat setelah perlakuan memperlihatkan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05), sementara bilangan peroksida dan kadar air tidak berbeda nyata. Pada 8 jam setelah perendaman, terlihat bahwa nilai peroksida, pH, kadar air dan WHC menunjukkan perbedaan nyata. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa infusa daun salam mampu memperlambat laju bilangan peroksida, memperlambat penurunan pH dan memperlambat penurunan WHC.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the immersion of chicken meat in the bayleaf extract and the time of measurement on the quality of the meat. This was a factorial experiment with three levels of bayleaf extract concentrations (0%, 5% and 10%), and two time of measurement (at 0 and 8 hours after the treatment). The parameters observed were the average peroxide value, the pH, the water content and the water holding capacity. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and followed by the least significant difference test for any significant difference. The results showed that the pH and the water holding capacity were significantly different (P<0.05), whereas the peroxide value and the water content were not significantly different. Nevertheless, at eight hours after the immersion it was seen that the peroxide value, the pH, the water content and the water holding capacity were significantly different. It was concluded that the extract of bayleaves might slower the rate of the peroxide value, could decrease the pH, and decrease the water holding capacity.
Deteksi Daging Babi Pada Produk Bakso di Pusat Kota Salatiga Menggunakan Teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction Fibriana, Fidia; Widianti, Tuti; Retnoningsih, Amin; -, Susanti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.3928

Abstract

Teknik PCR mempunyai kemampuan yang sensitif untuk deteksi keberadaan daging babi di dalam daging segar maupun produk olahan yang dicampur dengan bahan lain. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah produk bakso yang dijajakan di pusat kota Salatiga mengandung daging babi. Teknik stratified random sampling digunakan untuk mengambil sampel bakso yang dijajakan 13 warung bakso dari 25 warung bakso yang tersebar di pusat Kota Salatiga. Isolasi dan purifikasi DNA sampel bakso, daging sapi, dan daging babi menggunakan metode isolasi DNA jaringan hewan. DNA hasil isolasi dilanjutkan proses PCR menggunakan primer p14 untuk mengamplifikasi lokus PRE-1 pada genom babi. Proses amplifikasi DNA dengan program denaturasi awal pada suhu 93 C selama 2 menit, diikuti 45 siklus terdiri atas denaturasi 93 C selama 1 menit, annealing 62 C selama 30 detik, ekstensi 72 C selama 1 menit, kemudian diakhiri ekstensi 72 C selama 2 menit. Produk PCR yang diharapkan muncul berukuran 481bp. Hasil elektroforesis gel agarose 1,2% pada produk PCR menunjukkan adanya pita DNA spesifik berukuran 481 bp pada daging babi dan sampel bakso nomor tiga belas, sehingga disimpulkan warung bakso nomor tiga belas produk baksonya mengandung daging babi.PCR technique has the ability to be sensitive to the detection of the presence of pork in fresh meat and processed products are mixed with other materials. The aim of this research to determine whether the product meatballs are sold in downtown Salatiga containing pork. Stratified random sampling technique is used to take samples of meatballs stall which sold 13 of the 25 meatballs stalls in the Salatiga City centre. Isolation and purification of DNA samples of meatballs, beef, and pork using DNA isolation method of animal tissue. DNA isolation results continue the process of PCR using primers to amplify p14 locus PRE-1 in the pig genome. DNA amplification process with initial denaturation program at a temperature of 93 C for 2 min, followed by 45 cycles consisting of denaturation 93 C for 1 min, annealing 62 C for 30 seconds, extension 72 C for 1 minute, then topped extension 72 C for 2 minutes. PCR products were expected to appear sized 481bp. Results of a 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products indicate a specific DNA band sized 481 bp on pork and meatball sample number thirteen, so it concluded meatball stall number thirteen baksonya products containing pork.
KETERTARIKAN LALAT BUAH BACTROCERA PADA EKSTRAK OLAHAN LIMBAH KAKAO BERPENGAWET Indriyanti, Dyah Rini; Subekti, Niken; -, Latifah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2272

Abstract

Lalat buah Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) merupakan salah satu hama pen ting menyerang tanaman buah-buahan dan sayuran. B. carambolae di laboratorium tertarik pada olahan limbah kakao. Hasil uji coba di lapangan belum memuaskan karena olahan limbah kakao mudah rusak. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji respon lalat buah Bactrocera yang diberi umpan ekstrak olahan limbah kakao berpenga wet. Pengawet yang digunakan yakni: Natrium klorida (NaCl), Natrium benzoat (C7H5NaO2) dan Potasium sorbat (C6H7KO2). Konsentrasi yang dipakai masing-masing pengawet 0,1%; 0,2% dan 0,3%. Pengamatan dilakukan selama satu ming gu. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa daya tahan limbah yang diberi penga wet dan yang tidak dilihat secara secara fisik (warna dan tekstur) tidak berbeda nyata, namun ada perbedaan bau. Limbah yang tidak diberi pengawet ada kecen derungan baunya tidak sedap dibanding yang diberi pengawet. Hal ini yang mempengaruhi ketertarikan lalat terhadap olahan limbah kakao. Respon ketertarikan lalat Bactrocera terhadap olahan limbah kakao yang diberi pengawet berbeda antara satu dengan yang lain. Respon ketertarikan tertinggi Bactrocera cenderung pada olahan limbah kakao yang diberi pengawet Natrium klorida 0,3%, Potasium sorbat 0,2% dan Natrium benzoat 0,1%.The fruit fly Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the important pests attacking crops of fruits and vegetables. In the laboratory, B. carambolae was attracted by the processed cocoa waste. The results of field trials have not been satisfactory yet, because the processed cocoa waste was easily damaged. The purpose of the study wast to examine the response of Bactrocera to the bait made of processed cocoa extract waste containing preservatives. The preservatives used were: Sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium benzoate (C7H5NaO2) and potassium sorbate (C6H7KO2). The concentration of each preservative was 0.1%; 0.2% and 0.3%. A one-week observation was made. The result showed that there was no significant difference on the durability of the preserved waste and the non-preserved waste. This can be seen from the physical properties (color and texture). However, there was difference in odor. The non-preserved waste tended to produce unpleasant smell than the preserved waste. This odor affected the capability to attract the flies to the processed cocoa waste. The Bactrocera was highly responsive to the waste containing preservative 0.3% sodium chloride, followed by 0.2% potassium sorbate and 0.1% sodium benzoate.
Analisis Keanekaragaman Genetika dan Diferensiasi Jati Jawa dan Madura Berdasarkan Marka Mikrosatelit Untuk Mendukung Fingerprinting Jati Millah, Mun Isyatul; Habibah, Noor Aini; Suwarni, Endah; Rertoningsih, Amin
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.3929

Abstract

Fingerprinting jati diperlukan untuk melengkapi data base konservasi plasma nutfah jati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi keanekaragaman genetika pohon jati berdasarkan marka mikrosatelit dan mengidentifikasi alel spesifik pada lokus tertentu yang dapat menjadi penciri khas jati populasi Jawa dan Madura. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi karakteristik jati plus (fingerprinting) secara molekuler menggunakan penanda mikrosatelit. Sampel diambil dari koleksi jati plus di Kebun Benih Klonal (KBK) di Jawa dan dari lokal Areal Produksi Benih (APB) Madura. Sampel diisolasi menggunakan metode CTAB. Amplifikasi DNA menggunakan 3 primer mikrosatelit dan hasilnya divisualisasi pada gel poliakrilamid dengan pewarnaan silver. Hubungan kekerabatan dianalisis melalui program NTSYSpc (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis Sistem) versi 2.01. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman jati yang tinggi, didukung oleh nilai Observed Heterozigosity (Ho), Expected Heterozygosity (He), Polimorfism Information Content (PIC) dan koefisien diferensiasi genetika berturut-turut 0.5122; 0.6221; 0.5818; dan 0.0629. Hubungan kekerabatan melalui analisis dendogram menghasilkan koefisien kemiripan 0.3-1.00. Nilai keanekaragaman dalam populasi (HS), antar populasi (DST), dan nilai diferensiasi (G) berturut-turut adalah 0.5817, 0.0391, dan 0.0629. Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa tingkat keanekaragaman jati di Jawa dan Madura termasuk tinggi dan ada indikasi perbedaan genetika di dalam populasi lebih tinggi dibanding antar populasi.Fingerprinting teak is required to complete the data base teak germplasm conservation. This research aimed to obtain information about the genetic diversity of teak based on microsatellite markers and identify specific allele at a particular locus can be distinctive identity identifier population of Java and Madura. In this research is to identify the characteristics of teak plus (fingerprinting) molecularly using microsatellite markers. Samples were taken from the collection of teak plus in Kebun Benih Klonal in Java and from Areal Produksi Benih Madura. Samples were isolated using the CTAB method. Amplification of DNA using microsatellite primer 3 and the results are visualized on a polyacrylamide gel by silver staining. Kinship analyzed through NTSYSpc program (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) version 2:01. The analysis showed a high level of diversity teak, supported by Heterozigosity Observed value (HO), Expected Heterozygosity (He), polymorphisms Information Content (PIC) and genetic differentiation coefficient 0.5122 respectively; 0.6221; 0.5818; and 0.0629. Kinship through analysis dendogram generate similarity coefficient 0.3-1.00. The value of diversity in the population (HS), between populations (DST), and the value of differentiation (G) respectively are 0.5817, 0.0391, and 0.0629. From the analysis concluded that the level of diversity of teak in Java and Madura are high, and there are indications of genetic differences in the population is higher than among the population.
KADAR VITAMIN DAN MINERAL DALAM BUAH SEGAR DAN MANISAN BASAH KARIKA DIENG (Carica pubescens Lenne&K.Koch) Rahayu, Enni Suwarsi; Pribadi, Putik
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2273

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan kadar vitamin A, vitamin C, fosfor, besi, dan kalsium dalam buah segar dan manisan basah Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch (karika dieng) serta menentukan waktu perebusan optimal dalam proses pembuatan manisan karika yang tidak menurunkan kadar vitamin C secara signifikan. Kadar vitamin C dianalisis menggunakan titrasi yodium yacobs, kadar vitamin A diukur dengan spektronik-20, dan kadar mineral diukur dengan AAS. Data kadar vitamin dan mineral dianalisis menggunakan t-test, sedangkan waktu perebusan optimal dianalisis menggunakan Anava dan uji beda nyata terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar vitamin A, vitamin C, fosfor, besi, dan kalsium pada lima merk manisan karika lebih kecil dibandingkan dalam buah karika segar. Waktu perebusan optimal adalah 10 menit.The study was aimed to compare the levels of vitamin A, vitamin C and the minerals i.e. phosphorus, iron and calcium in sweet preserved and fresh fruit of Dieng mountain papaya Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch, and to determine the optimal boiling duration of the fruit in order to determine the preserved fruit processing technique. The level of vitamin C was analyzed using Jacobs iodine titration, the level of vitamin A was analyzed using Spectronic 20, and the minerals were analyzed using AAS. The data of the contents of vitamins and minerals in sweet preserved and fresh fruit were analyzed using t-test, whereas the data of the optimum boiling time was analyzed using Anova and a least significant difference test. The results showed that the levels of vitamin A and vitamin C and minerals P, Fe and Ca at 5 brands of sweet preserved carica were lower than in carica fresh fruit. The optimum boiling time was 10 minutes to obtain the high vitaim C content.

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