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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry Energy
The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy Architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and Tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen Production Technology, Energy Policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency and management The journal was first introduced in February 2012 and regularly published online three times a year (February, July, October).
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 573 Documents
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Energy Loss Reduction of Distribution Systems Equipped with Multiple Distributed Generations Considering Uncertainty using Manta-Ray Foraging Optimization Eid, Ahmad; Abdelaziz, Almoataz Y.; Dardeer, Mostafa
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 4 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.37482

Abstract

This paper has adopted the new bio-inspired Manta-Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) algorithm for optimal allocation of multiple Distributed Generation (DG) units attached to Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs) in order to reduce the total energy loss of the studied system. The DG units are optimized to work with a unity power factor (UPF) and optimal power factor (OPF) during a 24-h time-varying demand. The MRFO algorithm optimized single, two, and three DG units. The total energy loss and energy-saving during the time-varying demand are calculated and compared with the original case. The MRFO algorithm behavior is compared to the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Atom Search Optimization (ASO) algorithms regarding energy loss and energy-saving values. The standard 69-bus RDS is used as a test system. Considerable improvements in energy saving, loss reduction, and voltage profile are achieved after installing DG units, mainly when operating with optimal power factors. The MRFO algorithm achieves energy losses of 817.91, 751.08, and 730.25 kWh with 1, 2, and 3 DG units with UPF allocations, respectively. On the other hand, when the DG units are optimized to work with OPF, the MRFO achieves energy losses of 233.24, 142.08, and 106.79 kWh with the same number of DG units, respectively. Furthermore, the MRFO algorithm has efficient behavior compared with the PSO, ASO, and other algorithms for different operations and conditions.
PV Cell Parameters Modeling and Temperature Effect Analysis Kabbani, Adnan; Mohamed Shaik, Honnurvali
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.33845

Abstract

With the wide acceptance of modeling a PV cell by a single diode, a series and parallel resistors; many researchers have discussed different mathematical forms and iterative techniques to extract the values of these model elements depending on the key parameters provided by the manufacturer datasheet. This paper avoids iterative techniques and obtains the values of the five parameters of the one diode model by developing closed form expressions. The maximum error produced by this technique is 10% when compared to the exact values of the one diode model circuit built by Spice. The 10% maximum error has occurred during the estimation of the reverse saturation current (Io) of the diode, nevertheless, it should be mentioned that even for this same parameter the model outperforms many iterative dependent works. Furthermore, this paper discusses the effect of temperature on the operation performance of PV cells. In particular, the temperature effect on the open circuit voltage, the short circuit current, the fill factor, the reverse saturation current, and the conversion efficiency was modeled and evaluated for different brand technologies
Valuation of CO2 Emissions Reduction from Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Projects in Africa: A Case Study of Burkina Faso Seutche, Rice Verouska Nono; Sawadogo, Marie; Ngassam, Firmin Nkamleu
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 4 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.34566

Abstract

Burkina Faso like many other African countries hosts many renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) projects that are not registered to the clean development mechanism (CDM), but which could represent potential CDM opportunities. This study seeks to determine these projects’ impact on the level of CO2 emissions in the country, and to determine their CDM potential by quantifying their carbon emissions reduction, using approved CDM methodologies adapted to the projects. 21 RE projects and 7 EE projects were considered, and all proven to be additional. Results revealed that, 68709.424 MWh and 9430.446MWh were saved and displaced by the EE and RE projects respectively annually, accounting for 48157.668 tCO2e emissions reduced annually. This accounts for a 63.12% emissions reduction from the baseline scenario and represents a huge potential for the CDM, ready to be harnessed. The total amount of emissions reduced could generate about 48157.668 Certified Emissions Reduction (CERs) yearly. Considering a carbon price of $10/tCO2e and a 10-year fixed crediting period starting from 2020 would imply a total revenue of $4815766.8 in 2030 from the CERs , which will increase the sector’s attractiveness to investors. Policies promoting the registration of these projects to the CDM are essential to boost the development of more of such projects in the country/ region, which will benefit from the sustainable development the CDM offers, while contributing to the achievement of its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions.
Desalination of Agricultural Wastewater by Solar Adsorption System: A Numerical Study AlRubaiea, Jehan F; Latteiff, Farkad A; Mahdi, Jasim M; Atiya, Mohammed A; Majdi, Hasan Sh
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 4 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.38798

Abstract

There are still areas around the world suffer from severe shortage of freshwater supplies. Desalination technologies are not widely used due to their high energy usage, cost, and environmental damaging effects. In this study, a mathematical model of single-bed adsorption desalination system using silica gel-water as working pair is developed and validated via earlier experiments. A very good match between the model predictions and the experimental results is recorded. The objective is to reveal the factors affecting the productivity of fresh water and cooling effect in the solar adsorption system. The proposed model is setup for solving within the commercially-available software (Engineering Equation Solver). It is implemented to solve the mass and heat balance equations for the adsorbent bed, condenser, and evaporator components. At a typical temperature of 89 °C and flow rate of 30 m3/sec for the hot water entering the bed, the following results are reported: (a) the specific daily water production of 1.89 m3 /ton of silica gel/ day, (b) coefficient of performance of 0.32, and (c) specific cooling power of 40.82 W/kg of silica gel. The concentration of salt (X) in the product (desalinated water) has been set with value of 0.5 gm/kg to be suitable for drinking and irrigation. The salt concentration in the evaporator is estimated to be 4.611 gm/kg during the overall adsorption process. The results from this study should be of wide interest for the field of solar water desalination and air-conditioning.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells Samsudin, Asep Muhamad; Wolf, Sigrid; Roschger, Michaela; Hacker, Viktor
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.33168

Abstract

Crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) made from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a backbone polymer and different approaches to functional group introduction were prepared by means of solution casting with thermal and chemical crosslinking. Membrane characterization was performed by SEM, FTIR, and thermogravimetric analyses. The performance of AEMs was evaluated by water uptake, swelling degree, ion exchange capacity, OH- conductivity, and single cell tests. A combination of quaternized ammonium poly(vinyl alcohol) (QPVA) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDMAC) showed the highest conductivity, water uptake, and swelling among other functional group sources. The AEM with a combined mass ratio of QPVA and PDDMAC of 1:0.5 (QPV/PDD0.5) has the highest hydroxide conductivity of 54.46 mS cm-1. The single fuel cell tests with QPV/PDD0.5 membrane yield the maximum power density and current density of 8.6 mW cm-2 and 47.6 mA cm-2 at 57 °C. This study demonstrates that PVA-based AEMs have the potential for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs) application.
Short-term Hydro-Thermal-Wind-Solar Power Scheduling: A Case Study of Kanyakumari Region of India Kaur, Sunimerjit; Brar, Yadwinder Singh; Dhillon, Jaspreet Singh
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.35558

Abstract

In this paper, an advanced modus operandi named the -constrained simplex method (ACSM) is deployed to resolve a real-time hydro-thermal-wind-solar power scheduling problem. ACSM is an updated articulation of the Nonlinear Simplex Method (SM) of Nelder and Mead. It has been designed after interbreeding an ordinary SM with some other methods like-evolutionary method, α-constrained method, etc. To develop this technique three alterations in the SM are adopted (i) -level differentiation, (ii) mutations of the worst point, and (iii) the incorporation of multi-simplexes. A real-time multi-objective hydro-thermal-wind-solar power scheduling problem is established and optimized for the Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu, India) for the 18th of September of 2020. Four contrary constraints are contemplated for this case study (i)fuel cost and employing cost of wind and solar power system, (ii) NOx emission, (iii) SO2 emission, and (iv) CO2 emission. The fidelity of the projected practice is trailed upon two test systems. The first test system is hinged upon twenty-four-hour power scheduling of a pure thermal power system. The values of total fuel cost,emission, emission, and emission are attained as 4707.19$/day, 59325.23 kg/day, 207672.70 kg/day, and 561369.20 kg/day, respectively. In the second test system, two thermal generators are reintegrated with renewable energy resources (RER) based power system (hydro, wind, and solar system) for the same power demands. The hydro, wind, and solar data are probed with the Glimn-Kirchmayer model, Weibull Distribution Density Factor, and Normal Distribution model, respectively. The outturns using ACSM are contrasted with the SM and evolutionary method(EM). For this real-time hydro-thermal-wind-solar power scheduling problem the values of fuel cost,  emission,  emission, and  emission are shortened to 1626.41 $/day, 24262.24 kg/day, 71753.80 kg/day, and 196748.20 kg/day, respectively for the specified interval using ACSM and with SM, these values are calculated as 1626.57 $/day, 24264.67 kg/day, 71760.98 kg/day, 196767.68 kg/day, respectively. The results for the same are obtained as 1626.74 $/day, 24267.10 kg/day, 71768.15 kg/day, 196787.55 kg/day, respectively, by using EM. The values of the operating cost of the solar system, wind system, total system transmission losses, and computational time of test system-2 with ACSM, SM, and EM are evaluated as 8438.76 $/day, 19017.42 $/day, 476.69 MW/day & 15.6 seconds; 8439.61 $/day, 19019.33 $/day, 476.74 MW/day and 16.8 sec; and 8447.20 $/day, 19036.43 $/day, 477.17 MW/day and 17.3 sec, respectively. The solutions portray the sovereignty of ACSM over the other two methods in the entire process.
Tidal Current Energy Resources Assessment in the Patinti Strait, Indonesia Novico, Franto; Sudjono, Evi Hadrijantie; Egon, Andi; Menier, David; Methew, Manoj; Pratama, Munawir Bintang
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.35003

Abstract

Indonesia is currently intensively developing its renewable energy resource and targets at least 23% by 2025. As an archipelago country, Indonesia has the potential to benefit from its abundant renewable energy resources from its offshore regions. However, the short tidal range of mixed semi-diurnal and the suitable tidal turbine capacity may hinder marine renewable energy development in Indonesian waters. This paper presents higher-order hydrodynamic numerical models to provide spatial information for tidal current resource assessment of the Patinti Strait. The present study applied the hydrographic and oceanographic method to produce input of the numerical model. Based on the selected simulation analysis, the highest current speed could be identified around Sabatang and Saleh Kecil Island with up to 2.5 m/s in P1 and 1.7 m/s in P4. Besides, the operational hours for the two observation points are 69% and 74.5%, respectively. The results indicate that this location is of prime interest for tidal turbine implementation as an energy source, for medium capacity (300 kW) and high capacity (1 MW).
The Potential of Wind Energy and Design Implications on Wind Farms in Saudi Arabia Naqash, Muhammad Tayyab; Aburamadan, Mohammad Hasan; Harireche, Ouahid; AlKassem, Abdulrahman; Farooq, Qazi Umar
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 4 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.38238

Abstract

Climate change and natural resource depletion are likely to affect the future economic development of a country. The generation of power from oil and gas is among the major causes of reserves depletion and global warming. However, renewable energy is also deemed a clean and green choice for power generation to promote sustainability in engineering. The coastal lines of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are widely extended, and wind energy appears to be a viable alternative to traditional sources, which needs to be investigated as it is highly desirable to seek energy from renewable energy sources, for instance, wind. This paper is aimed at addressing the wind energy potential along the Red Sea coast of KSA. Afterward, a suitable wind turbine based upon careful structural analysis has been proposed, which would form a basis, especially during the machine selection and design phases. For this purpose, seven different sites located along the coastal line, namely: Al Wajh, Umluj, Yanbu, Rabigh, Jeddah, Haddad, and Gizan, were initially selected to assess the wind energy availability. After that, a suitable turbine is recommended for yielding maximum output. It has been found from the reconnaissance that Al Wajh has sufficient land availability that receives high perennial wind speed, alongside shallow offshore water depth for monopile installation. Hence, this site is recommended for the development of a wind farm. Furthermore, turbines need to be installed at the height of almost 100 m to produce maximum energy to appropriately utilize the available indigenous wind energy. It is pertinent to mention that the superstructure of the turbines is designed based on the local loading conditions (wind, currents, waves, etc.) of the Al Wajh region. Also, the monopile substructures are proposed in the selected area in accordance with the available bathymetry.
Investigation of a Solar Polygeneration System for a Multi-Storey Residential Building-Dynamic Simulation and Performance Analysis Missoum, Mohammed; Loukarfi, Larbi
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.34423

Abstract

In the present study, the performance of a novel configuration of a solar polygeneration system for a multi-family residential building is investigated using dynamic simulation models. The system consists in Building Integrated PhotoVoltaic/Thermal (BIPVT) collectors, a water-to-water reversible heat pump and an adsorption chiller. The solar system will ensure space heating in winter, space cooling in summer and domestic hot water and electricity all over the year for a multi-storey building located in Algiers (Algeria). In the case of insufficient solar energy, the system is equipped with a gas-fired heater for auxiliary heat production, whereas the auxiliary electricity is supplied by the national grid. First, the simulation models of the solar system components and the building were described and developed in TRNSYS environment. Then, an energy-economic model based on the calculation of the primary energy consumption, the primary energy saving, the simple payback period and the electrical and thermal solar fractions, was carried-out. Finally, the system performance in terms of daily, monthly and yearly results was investigated and compared to the performance of a conventional energy system commonly used in Algerian buildings. The simulation results indicate that the solar collectors have the potential to cover more than 56% and 72% of the yearly heat and electricity requirements, respectively. The total primary energy saving achieved by the solar system with respect to the conventional one is 37.1 MWh/y, which represents 39% of the energy consumption of the conventional system. However, the economic feasibility of proposed solar system is difficult to be achieved due to the high initial cost of the solar collectors. Indeed, the obtained simple payback period is 55.40 years. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis has been performed aiming at studying the effect of various technical and economical parameters on the system performance. The analysis shows that the energetic as well as economic performances of the system are strongly influenced by the photovoltaic/thermal filed area, the system cost and the unitary cost of electricity. The system becomes economically profitable when the system cost is 400 €/m² and the electricity cost is 0.12 €/kWh. Additionally, the system performance is better in climate conditions where solar potential and building energy requirements are important.
School Managers Perceptions towards Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Sources Drosos, Dimitrios; Kyriakopoulos, Grigorios L.; Ntanos, Stamatios; Parissi, Androniki
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.36704

Abstract

Global economic growth is accompanied by increased energy demand, thus conventional fuels such as coal, oil and gas, which are the primary energy sources, are gradually being depleted. At the same time, the combustion of conventional fuel for energy production causes serious adverse effects on the environment and contributes to climate change due to the emitted greenhouse gases. For the above reasons, most of the developed and developing countries especially during the last decades, have introduced various incentives for the greater penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) in all sectors of the economy. Concerning the building sector, several measures have been adopted, including the promotion of energy efficiency and energy saving. A significant proportion of the building stock are the school buildings where students and teachers spend a significant proportion of their daily time. Teachers' attitudes and views, especially the school unit managers concerning the use of RES in schools, are important in the effort to rationalize and control energy use. This study was conducted through a structured questionnaire applied to a sample of 510 school managers in Greece's primary and secondary education. The school unit managerial role for the case of Greek schools is performed by the school principal who has both administrative and educational duties.  Statistical analysis included the application of Friedman's test and hypothesis test on questions concerning school manager environmental perceptions and energy-saving habits. According to the results, Greek school managers have a high degree of environmental sensitivity, since 97.6 % agreed or strongly agreed that the main concern should focus on energy saving. Furthermore, 71% of the respondent reported to have good knowledge on solar energy, followed by 64% on wind energy while only 34% are knowledgeable on biomass. Almost all the respondents (99%) agreed that it is important to provide more RES-orientated education through the taught curricula. Concerning energy saving behaviour, around 90% reported that they switch off the lights when leaving the classroom and they close the windows when the air-condition is operating. Hypothesis tests revealed a relationship between the school managers' ecological beliefs, the energy saving habits in the school environment, and the recognition of the importance of environmental education. Conclusions highlighted the need to intensify environmental education programs in the school environment concerning RES in schools. This will lead to a higher level of environmental awareness of both teachers and students and therefore to a more dynamic behaviour towards the effort to “greenify” the school environment.

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