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Jurnal Riset Akuakultur

jra
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Published by Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

ISSN : 19076754 EISSN : 25026534 DOI : http://doi.org/10.15578/JRA

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur as source of information in the form of the results of research and scientific review (review) in the field of various aquaculture disciplines include genetics and reproduction, biotechnology, nutrition and feed, fish health and the environment, and land resources in aquaculture

Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)" : 7 Documents clear

ANALISA STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON DAN POTENSI PENGGUNAANNYA SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR LIMBAH ORGANIK DI TELUK LABUANGE, SULAWESI SELATAN Mudian Paena; Rajuddin Syamsuddin; Chair Rani; Haryati Tandipayuk
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Komunitas fitoplankton di perairan Teluk Labuange semakin dipengaruhi oleh limbah organik yang berasal dari tambak udang superintensif dan kegiatan antropogenik lainnya di sepanjang garis pantai. Akibatnya, struktur komunitas plankton di teluk tersebut telah mengalami perubahan besar yang dapat digunakan sebagai bio-indikator pencemaran limbah organik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan struktur komunitas plankton di perairan Teluk Labuange dan potensi penggunaannya sebagai bio-indikator pencemaran limbah organik. Survei lapangan dilakukan di enam stasiun pengambilan sampel yang didistribusikan di dalam teluk untuk mengumpulkan sampel air, untuk analisis fitoplankton. Ada 12 titik pengambilan sampel di setiap stasiun dari total 72 sampel air dikumpulkan. Jenis-jenis bioindikator yang diidentifikasi kemudian dianalisis menggunakan CCA (Canonical Correlation Analysis) yang tersedia dalam perangkat lunak PAST (Statistik Paleontologis) untuk menghitung kekuatan hubungan antara kualitas air (amonia, nitrat, fosfat, BOT, dan COD) dan indikator fitoplankton. Data kelimpahan spesies dan fitoplankton dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA untuk menentukan perbedaan jenis dan kelimpahan fitoplankton di setiap stasiun. Studi ini telah mengidentifikasi 48 spesies fitoplankton, di mana 18 spesies fitoplankton diidentifikasi sebagai berpotensi HAB,s (plankton berbahaya). Dari 18 spesies plankton, enam spesies dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai plankton bioindikator limbah organik, yaitu Ceratium triops, Ceratium trichoceros, Lyngbya sp, Navicula pupula, Dinophysis caudata, dan Dinophysis sp. Kehadiran enam jenis fitoplankton secara langsung berkaitan dengan tingginya konsentrasi amonia, nitrat, fosfat, BOT, dan COD di perairan. Indeks keanekaragaman fitoplankton yang dihitung dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Teluk Labuange diklasifikasikan sebagai perairan yang sangat tercemar. Oleh karena itu, upaya untuk mengurangi pasokan limbah organik kedalam teluk sangat penting dilakukan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan akuakultur pantai di Teluk Labuange, seperti instalasi pengolahan limbah di tambak udang superintensif atau pengelolaan limbah yang efektif di daerah pemukiman pesisir.Phytoplankton communities in the waters of Labuange Bay have been increasingly affected by organic waste released by superintensive shrimp farms and other anthropogenic activities along the coastline. As a result, the plankton community structure of the bay might have undergone a substantial change which could be used as a bio-indicator of organic waste pollution. The objective of this study was to determine the structure of the plankton community in the waters of Labuange Bay and assess its potential use as a bio-indicator of organic waste pollution. Field surveys were conducted in six sampling stations distributed within the bay to collect water samples for phytoplankton analysis. There were 12 sampling points in each station from which a total of 72 water samples were collected. The types of bio-indicators identified were analyzed using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) available in the paleontological statistics (PAST) software to calculate the strength of the relationship between water quality (ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, BOT, and COD) and phytoplankton indicators. Data on species and phytoplankton abundance were statistically analyzed using ANOVA to determine the differences in the type and abundance of phytoplankton in each station. This study had identified 48 phytoplankton species, of which 18 species of phytoplankton were identified as potentially HABs plankton (harmful algae blooms). From the 18 plankton species, six species could be classified as organic bio-indicator planktons, namely Ceratium triops, Ceratium trichoceros, Lyngbya sp., Navicula pupula, Dinophysis caudata, and Dinophysis sp. The presence of the six types of phytoplankton was directly related to the high concentration of ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, BOT, and COD in the waters. The calculated phytoplankton diversity index from this research indicated that Labuange Bay was classified as heavily polluted waters. Therefore, efforts to reduce organic waste loading in the bay are critical to ensure the sustainability of coastal aquaculture in Labuange Bay, such as waste treatment plants in superintensive shrimp farms or effective waste management in the coastal settlement areas.

DETEKSI Vibrio parahaemolyticus MENGGUNAKAN MARKA GEN PirA PADA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) DENGAN REAL TIME PCR Ronald Kriston Sauttua Nainggolan; Munti Yuhana; Sukenda Sukenda; Woro Nur Endang Sariati
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Pengujian validitas deteksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain AHPND pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) dengan metode real time PCR dilakukan melalui tahapan pengujian yang mencakup spesifisitas, sensitivitas, repitabilitas, reproduktivitas, dan uji lapang pada tambak-tambak udang vaname di Indonesia. Uji performa analitik menunjukkan bahwa metode real time PCR dengan penciri gen VpPirA spesifik dalam mendeteksi V. parahaemolyticus strain AHPD dan memiliki sensitivitas hingga 10 kopi µL-1. Nilai cut off metode qPCR primer VpPirA adalah di Ct 39. Metode real time PCR dengan primer spesifik VpPirA juga memiliki nilai repitabilitas dan reproduktivitas yang baik dalam mendeteksi V. parahaemolyticus strain AHPND. Semua pengujian performa analitik metode qPCR telah memenuhi syarat keberterimaan dan dapat digunakan sebagai metode pengujian untuk mendeteksi V. parahaemolyticus strain AHPND. Hasil uji lapang untuk seluruh sampel yang berasal dari tambak udang vaname menunjukkan hasil negatif terinfeksi V. parahaemolyticus strain AHPND. Studi ini menyarankan bahwa metode real time PCR efektif dan valid dalam mendeteksi V. parahaemolyticus strain AHPND.Testing the validity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND (Vp AHPND) strain detection in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by real-time PCR method was carried out through several stages including specificity, sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and sampling field tests in shrimp ponds in Indonesia. Analytical performance test showed that the use of real-time PCR method with VpPirA primer was effective in detecting Vp AHPND strain and had a sensitivity of up to 10 copies µL-1. The cut off value qPCR method of the primer VpPirA is at Ct 39. The real-time PCR method using VpPirA primer also has good repeatability and reproducibility values in detecting Vp AHPND strain. All analytical performance testings of the qPCR method meet the standard requirements to detect Vp AHPND strain. The result of field tests for all whiteleg shrimp samples from the shrimp ponds revealed negative infection of Vp AHPND. This study suggests that the real time PCR is effective and valid in detecting V. parahaemolyticus AHPND strain.

KELIMPAHAN PENYAKIT KARANG DI KEPULAUAN AYAU DAN ASIA KABUPATEN RAJA AMPAT Ofri Johan; Purwanto Purwanto; Irman Rumengan; Awaludinnoer Awaludinnoer
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Kematian karang dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya diakibatkan oleh adanya infeksi penyakit karang. Terbatasnya data dan informasi keberadaan penyakit karang saat ini menyebabkan kelimpahan penyakit karang belum banyak diketahui di Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis dan kelimpahan penyakit karang, serta penilaian kondisi terumbu karang yang dilakukan pada delapan lokasi di kawasan the coral triangle. Hasil penelitian diperoleh tiga jenis penyakit karang dengan kelimpahan berturut-turut adalah black band disease (0,03 kol/m2), white syndrome (0,03 kol/m2), dan bleaching (0,05 kol/m2). Sementara penyakit skeleton eroding band ditemukan di luar lokasi pengamatan. Kondisi terumbu karang pada lokasi pengamatan termasuk dalam kategori sangat jelek hingga kondisi sedang. Kelompok penganggu kesehatan karang berhasil didata sebanyak delapan kriteria penganggu di antaranya pigmentation response, kompetisi ruang antara alga, spons dan karang lunak, predasi akibat hewan Drupella sp., Acanthaster plancii, dan bekas pemangsaan ikan. Kelimpahan penyakit ini tergolong rendah, namun perlu pengamatan secara kontinu untuk mengetahui dampak infeksi penyakit karang terhadap kerusakan terumbu karang di masa akan datang.Coral die-offs can be caused by several factors, one of which is the infectious coral disease. Currently, limited data and information are available regarding coral diseases in Indonesia. Such condition has resulted in the relatively poor understanding of the extent and distribution of coral diseases in Indonesia’s reef ecosystem. The purpose of this research was to investigate types and abundance of coral disease as well as determine the overall health condition of infected coral reef. The research was carried out in eight sites in the waters around Ayau Islands and Asia Island, which belong to the Raja Ampat Marine Protected Area (MPA). This study found that the areas’ coral health condition varied from bad to poor. The study also successfully identified three coral diseases in the sites with varying degrees of infection and distribution. The identified coral diseases were black band disease, white syndrome, and bleaching, each with a maximum abundance of 0.03 col/m2, 0.03 col/m2, and 0.05 col/m2, respectively. The study also identified skeleton eroding band disease, which infected the coral reef system outside of the surveyed sites. Assessment on the health condition of coral had found eight compromising factors, which included pigmentation response, spatial competition among algae, sponges and soft corals, as well as predation by Drupella sp., Acanthaster plancii, dan reef fishes. This study concludes that the level of coral disease abundance in the area can be classified as low. However, a regular survey has to be carried out in the area to monitor the progress and distribution of the coral diseases and measure their future impacts on the coral reef ecosystem of the MPA.

IMUNOGLOBULIN YOLK ANTI Streptococcus agalactiae UNTUK IMUNOTERAPI PENYAKIT STREPTOCOCCOSIS PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) Tatik Mufidah; Uni Purwaningsih; Nunak Nafiqoh; Angela Mariana Lusiastuti
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Serangan penyakit Streptoccocus agalactiae pada ikan nila dapat menimbulkan kerugian yang besar. Salah satu cara pencegahan dan penanggulangan Streptococcosis adalah melalui vaksinasi, baik vaksinasi aktif maupun vaksinasi pasif. Immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) merupakan salah satu jenis antibodi yang dapat digunakan untuk vaksinasi pasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) yang spesifik terhadap Streptococcus agalactiae untuk imunoterapi penyakit streptococcus pada ikan nila. IgY anti S. agalactiae dihasilkan dari telur ayam yang divaksinasi dengan bakteri S. agalactiae inaktif. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan preparasi dan perbanyakan S. agalactiae, imunisasi ayam, koleksi telur ayam, dan purifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IgY yang diproduksi terbukti spesifik terhadap S. agalactiae dengan uji immunoblotting dan dot blot. Uji biologis menggunakan cairan peritoneum mencit menunjukkan aktivitas opsonisasi oleh makrofag yang meningkat dibanding cairan peritoneum tanpa pemberian IgY. Hasil aplikasi IgY pada ikan nila menunjukkan IgY dapat digunakan untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan terhadap infeksi S. agalactiae. IgY anti-S. agalactiae yang diproduksi dapat digunakan untuk imunoterapi dan mengendalikan streptococcosis yang disebabkan oleh S. agalactiae pada nila baik untuk pencegahan maupun pengobatan.The infection of Streptococcus agalactiae in an aquaculture system can cause significant economic losses to the fish farmers. An efficient method to prevent the infection and control the distribution of Streptococcosis is through either active or passive vaccination. The use of immunoglobulin yolk as one of the passive antibodies has shown a promising result. This study’s aim was to obtain immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) specific to S. agalactiae for immunotherapy of streptococcus disease in tilapia. IgY was produced from vaccinated chicken eggs using inactivated S. agalactiae bacteria. In the present study, preparation and propagation of S. agalactiae, immunization of chickens, and collection of chicken eggs and purification were carried out. The result show that produced IgY was proved to be specific to S. agalactiae through immunoblotting and dot blot tests. Biological tests using mice peritoneum fluid to determine macrophages opsonization activity showed increased opsonization activity compared to peritoneal fluid without IgY administration. The application of IgY on reared tilapia showed that IgY anti-S. agalactiae protected the fish against S. agalactiae infection. The produced IgY anti-S. agalactiae can be used for immunotherapy and controlling streptococcosis caused by S. agalactiae in tilapia both for prevention and treatment.

PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK DAN PREBIOTIK DALAM PAKAN PADA PEMELIHARAAN BENIH TERIPANG PASIR, Holothuria scabra Sari Budi Moria Sembiring; Zeny Widi Astuti; Ni Ketut Maha Setiawati; I nyoman Adiasmara Giri; Haryanti Haryanti
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Peningkatan sintasan dan pertumbuhan benih teripang melalui pemberian probiotik dan prebiotik dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi kemungkinan adanya efek stimulasi sistem pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek potensial dari probiotik dan prebiotik pada performa pertumbuhan, serta aktivitas enzim pencernaan teripang pasir. Pada penelitian ini ada empat perlakuan, yaitu: (A) pakan buatan + campuran tiga isolat bakteri (Gamma proteobacterium M-4, Bacillus subtilis Q-1, Bacillus sp. E-2); (B) pakan buatan + Mannanoligosaccharida (MOS) + campuran tiga isolat bakteri; (C) pakan buatan + MOS; dan (D) pakan buatan (kontrol). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali dan penelitian berlangsung selama tiga bulan. Benih teripang pasir (bobot 4,1 ± 1,6 g; panjang total 4,0 ± 0,8 cm) dipelihara dalam bak persegi berkapasitas 150 L dengan kepadatan 30 ekor per bak. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan, sintasan, dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan. Analisis aktivitas enzim dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometer. Data pertumbuhan dianalisis dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) pada selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa benih teripang pasir yang diberi pakan buatan + campuran tiga isolat (perlakuan A) menghasilkan pertambahan bobot sebesar 210,5 ± 21,%; lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan C dan D. Sintasan untuk semua perlakuan mencapai 100%. Penambahan probiotik dan prebiotik dalam pakan juga meningkatkan aktivitas enzim lipase, amilase, protease dan selulase pada pencernaan benih teripang pasir mulai dari 30 hari pemeliharaan sampai akhir percobaan. Untuk efisiensi bahan dan penyiapan pakan, cukup hanya dengan menggunakan probiotik dalam pendederan benih teripang pasir.Increasing survival and growth of sandfish juveniles can be achieved through the administration of probiotic and prebiotic in the feed. These results are suspected to be caused by probiotic and prebiotic ability to stimulate and improve the early development of sandfish’s digestive system. This study aimed to determine the potential effects of probiotic and prebiotic on the growth performance and digestive enzymes activity of sandfish. The experiment was started by culturing three bacterial isolates in marine broth media, followed by formulating the experimental feed and then feeding the reared sandfish juveniles with different treatment feeds. There were four treatment feeds used, namely: (A) artificial feed + a mixture of three bacterial isolates (Gamma proteobacterium M-4, Bacillus subtilis Q-1, Bacillus sp. E-2); (B) artificial feed + MOS + mixture of three bacterial isolates; (C) artificial feed + MOS; and (D) artificial feed only (control). Each treatment was repeated three times. Sandfish juvenile (4.1 ± 1.6 g in body weight and a total length of 4.0 ± 0.8 cm) were reared in rectangular plastic containers with a volume of 150 L with a stocking density of 30 juveniles per container. The study lasted for three months, during which the research parameters observed were growth, survival, and digestive enzyme activity. Enzyme activity analysis was performed using the spectrophotometer method. Growth data were statistically analyzed (one-way ANOVA) at 95% significant level. The results showed that sandfish juveniles fed with the artificial feed + three isolates mixture (treatment A) had gained weight as much as 210.5 ± 21.9% higher and significantly different (P<0.05) compare to that of treatment C and D. The sandfish survival rates in all treatments during the research were 100%. The addition of probiotic and prebiotic in the feed also increased the activity of lipase, amylase, protease, and cellulase enzymes in the digestion of sandfish juveniles starting from day-30 to the end of the experiment. This research concludes that feed usage can be reduced by only applying probiotic mix during sandfish juveniles nursery.

TOKSISITAS NONILFENOL PADA BENIH IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DAN PHYTOREMEDIASI DENGAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) YANG DIBERI PUPUK BERBEDA Muhamad Yamin; Eddy Supriyono; Mulyasari Mulyasari
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Beberapa tanaman air telah dilaporkan mampu meremediasi air yang tercemar senyawa berbahaya. Nonilfenol sebagai jenis surfaktan non ionik yang berbahaya perlu ditelaah potensi toksisitasnya bagi biota perairan dan mitigasi remediasinya menggunakan tanaman air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan level toksisitas mematikan nonilfenol pada benih ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dan upaya meremediasi menggunakan tanaman eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) yang diberi pupuk berbeda. Perlakuan konsentrasi toksisitas nonilfenol adalah: kontrol, 0,4 mg/L, 0,5 mg/L, 0,63 mg/L, 0,80 mg/L dan 1,0 mg/L. Padat tebar ikan uji sebanyak dua puluh ekor benih pada tiap akuarium kaca yang berisi 40 L air. Pergantian air dilakukan setiap hari sebanyak 200%. Pengamatan kematian ikan dilakukan pada jam ke 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, dan 96. Tahapan berikutnya adalah remediasi nonilfenol dari media air menggunakan sistem resirkulasi dengan perlakuan: 1) kontrol air + nonilfenol 2,5 mg/L, 2) zeolite + nonilfenol 2,5 mg/L, 3) zeolit + tanaman air + nonilfenol 2,5 mg/L, 4) zeolite + tanaman air + pupuk kandang + nonilfenol 2,5 mg/L, dan 5) zeolite + tanaman air + pupuk hidroponik + nonilfenol 2,5 mg/L. Konsentrasi nonilfenol di air dianalisis menggunakan HPLC. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa nonilfenol menyebabkan kematian 100 % benih ikan nila dalam waktu kurang dari 48 jam pada konsentrasi 0,8 mg/L dengan nilai LC50-96 jam sebesar 0,58 mg/L. Remediasi media air yang mengandung nonilfenol dengan konsentrasi 2,5 mg/L menggunakan tanaman eceng gondok membutuhkan waktu 1 hari sedangkan tanpa tanaman membutuhkan waktu 2 hari atau lebih. Dengan nilai LC50-96 jam nonifenol di bawah 1.00 mg/L maka berdasarkan Kriteria Toksisitas Bahan dari Komisi Pestisida, Departemen Pertanian, Indonesia, maka nonilfenol tergolong dalam bahan berbahaya dengan daya racun yang sangat tinggi. Pengurangan konsentrasi nonilfenol sampai dengan 2.5 mg/L dapat dilakukan dengan menambahkan tanaman air eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) pada sistem resirkulasiCertain species of aquatic plants are reported able to remediate water contaminated with harmful compounds. The toxicity of nonylphenol as one of the harmful non-ionic surfactants to farmed fish species has yet to be determined, including its remediation using aquatic plants. This study aimed to determine the lethal toxicity level of nonylphenol for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) seeds and its remediation using water hyacinth plants (Eichhornia crassipes). The nonylphenol treatments were arranged by separately mixing water with 0.0 mg/L (control), 0.4 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 0.63 mg/L, 0.80 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L of nonylphenol. Twenty tilapia seeds were placed into each glass aquarium containing 40 L of freshwater that had already been mixed with the different concentrations of nonylphenol. Water exchange was done every day as much as 200% using water pre-mixed with the nonylphenol concentrations. Observation of fish mortality was carried out at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after the fish seeds were placed in the aquarium. The next stage experiment was the phytoremediation of the water contaminated with different additions of nonylphenol in a recirculation system: nonylphenol 2.5 mg/L; nonylphenol 2.5 mg/L + zeolite; nonylphenol 2.5 mg/L + zeolite + water hyacinth; nonylphenol 2.5 mg/L + water hyacinth + zeolite + manure; and nonylphenol 2.5 mg/L + water hyacinth + zeolite + hydroponic fertilizer (AB mix). Nonylphenol concentrations in water were determined using the HPLC method. The results of the first stage experiment showed that nonylphenol caused 100% mortality rate of tilapia seeds in less than 48 hours at a concentration of 0.8 mg/L. The LC50-96 hour of nonylphenol on the Nile tilapia seeds was 0.58 mg/L. The complete remediation of 2.5 mg/L or less of nonylphenol using water hyacinth plants took one day while without plants took two days or more. Based on the Acute Aquatic Toxicity Criteria published by the Pesticide Commission of the Indonesian Agricultural Department, nonylphenol is categorized as a very high toxicity compound due to its LC50-96 h value of concentration less than 1.00 mg L-1. The results of this study provide evidence that water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system could remediate water with a concentration of nonylphenol up to 2.5 mg/L.

PEMANTAUAN INSIDENSI PENYAKIT PADA IKAN KERAPU DAN KAKAP DI HATCHERY DAN KERAMBA JARING APUNG DI BALI UTARA Ketut Mahardika; Indah Mastuti; Des Roza; Dewi Syahidah; Wayan Widya Astuti; Suko Ismi; Zafran Zafran
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Pemantauan terjadinya infeksi penyakit terhadap kegiatan budidaya ikan sangat penting untuk mengetahui keragaman dan penyebaran penyakit ikan dalam suatu populasi dan lingkungan di suatu wilayah budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab penyakit pada ikan laut yang dibenihkan di pembenihan maupun yang dibesarkan pada keramba jaring apung (KJA) di sentra budidaya ikan laut di Bali Utara. Sampel ikan diperoleh dari tiga lokasi sentra budidaya laut yang berada di Kecamatan Gerokgak, Kabupaten Buleleng. Sebanyak 35 sampel ikan dikoleksi dari masing-masing tiga pembenihan di Desa Gerokgak dan tiga pembenihan di Desa Penyabangan. Pada tiga KJA di Teluk Kaping, Desa Sumberkima masing-masing dikoleksi 10 ekor ikan. Pemantauan dilakukan sekali dalam sebulan dari bulan Februari hingga November 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insidensi infeksi parasit, bakteri, dan virus viral nervous necrosis (VNN) terjadi sepanjang tahun di tahun 2018 pada ikan dengan kondisi sehat maupun sakit. Pada ikan sakit yang diperoleh dari pembenihan dan KJA diindikasikan dengan gejala hitam dan borok. Sementara, jenis parasit yang dominan menginfeksi ikan laut di hatchery adalah Trichodina spp., sedangkan di KJA adalah gill fluke (cacing insang). Prevalensi infeksi virus VNN lebih banyak terjadi pada bulan Maret sampai bulan Juli, dan meningkat pada bulan November, sedangkan kasus infeksi iridovirus terpantau di bulan Oktober. Hasil pengamatan terhadap populasi bakteri pada organ hati ikan dengan konsentrasi tinggi (107-108 cfu/g) terjadi di bulan Februari, April, sampai Juli. Demikian pula pada total Vibrio spp. dengan konsentrasi tinggi (104-106 cfu/g) dan sangat tinggi (107-109 cfu/g) teramati di bulan Maret, April, dan Juni, mengikuti pola kecenderungan infeksi VNN. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ikan yang terserang parasit dapat pula terinfeksi oleh VNN secara bersamaan. Prevalensi infeksi virus VNN banyak terjadi di bulan Maret sampai Juli dan meningkat pada bulan November. Prevalensi infeksi virus VNN cenderung diikuti dengan pola peningkatan populasi total bakteri dan Vibrio spp.The monitoring of disease infections in fish farming activities is critical to determine the diversity and prevent the spread of fish diseases within a fish population and the fish farming environment. This study aimed to determine the causes of disease occurrences in cultured fish both in hatcheries and floating net cages in the mariculture center of North Bali. Fish samplings were conducted in three areas within the marine aquaculture center. There were 35 fish samples collected from each of the three hatcheries in Gerokgak Village and three hatcheries in Penyabangan Village. Ten fish were collected from each of three floating net cages located in Kaping Bay, Sumberkima Village. Diseases monitoring was carried out each month from February to November 2018. The results of the study showed that parasitic, bacteria, and viral nervous necrosis (VNN) infections occurred throughout the year. Parasites and VNN viruses were detected either in healthy fish or in sick fish. Sick fish were noticeable through darkened skin and skin ulcers. The dominant parasite found in the hatcheries and floating net cages was Trichodina spp. and gill fluke (gill worm), respectively. The prevalence of VNN infection was higher from March to July and in November. Cases of iridovirus infection occurred in October. High concentrations of bacterial populations in the fish liver (107-108 cfu/g) were observed in February and from April to July. Similarly, the total of Vibrio spp. with high (104-106 cfu/g) and very high concentrations (107-109 cfu/g) were observed in March, April, and June, which followed the trend of VNN infection. These results showed that fish infected with parasites could be also infected with VNN at the same time. The prevalence of VNN infection mostly occurs from March to July and in November. The prevalence of VNN virus infections tends to be followed by an increasing pattern of total bacterial populations and Vibrio spp. infections.

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Ilham

Contact Email
Ilham.fishaholic@gmail.com

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+6221-64700928

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jra.puslitbangkan@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Gedung Balibang KP II, Lantai 2 Jl. Pasir Putih II, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara 14430

Location
Kab. jembrana,

Bali

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ilham

Contact Email Ilham.fishaholic@gmail.com

Phone +6221-64700928

Journal Mail Official jra.puslitbangkan@gmail.com

Editorial Address Gedung Balibang KP II, Lantai 2 Jl. Pasir Putih II, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara 14430

Location Kab. jembrana, Bali INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ilham

Contact Email
Ilham.fishaholic@gmail.com

Phone
+6221-64700928

Journal Mail Official
jra.puslitbangkan@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Gedung Balibang KP II, Lantai 2 Jl. Pasir Putih II, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara 14430

Location
Kab. jembrana,

Bali

INDONESIA