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Journal of Maternal and Child Health
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25490257     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH) is an electronic, open-access, double-blind and peer-reviewed international journal, focusing on maternal and child health. The journal began its publication on July 11, 2015, and is published four times yearly. JMCH aims to improve the policy, program, service, and practice, as they impact infant, children, mother, women, adolescent, and family health.
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Articles 8 Documents
Search results for , issue " Vol 2, No 4 (2017)" : 8 Documents clear
Socioeconomics Factors Associated with the Utilization of Primary Health Services of Mothers and Children at Nunukan District, North Kalimantan Kristiani, Yunita; Tamtomo, Didik; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: One of the main health development agenda in Indonesia 2015 to 2019 is reduction in maternal mortality ratio and infant mortality rate, and improve access and quality of maternal and child health services. However, variance in socioeconomics status between individual and between rural-urban have caused to difference in utilization of health service. This study aimed to analyze socioeconomics factors associated with the utilization of primary health services of mothers and children at Nunukan District, North Kalimantan.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at six community health centers in Nunukan, North Kalimantan, from October to November, 2017. A total sample of 208 mothers was collected using multistage random sampling. The dependent variables were antenatal care (ANC) service, place of birth delivery, and basic immunization. The independent variables were maternal education, maternal employment status, family income, family welfare, and residence. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Utilization of ANC increased with better family welfare (b= 1.42; 95% CI= 0.34 to 2.49; p=0.010). Use of basic immunization increased with higher maternal education (b= 0.71; 95% CI= 0.06 to 1.35; p= 0.032). Place of birth delivery at formal health facility increased with living in urban area (b= 3.2; 95% CI= 1.97 to 4.44; p <0.001), maternal employment (b= 2.34; 95% CI= 0.77 to 3.91; p=0.003), and regular ANC (b=1.04; 95% CI= -0.10 to 2.18; p=0.074). Family income increased with higher maternal education level (b= 1.21; 95% CI= 0.50 to 1.92; p= 0.001) and maternal employment (b= 2.54; 95% CI= 1.67 to 3.41; p <0.001). Family welfare increased with living in urban area (b= 1.4; 95% CI= 0.09 to 2.68; p=0.035) and higher family income (b=2.5; 95% CI= 0.44 to 4.54; p= 0.017). Maternal employment status increased with higher maternal education level (b= 2.45; 95% CI= 1.63 to 3.26; p <0.001).Conclusion: Utilization of ANC directly increases with better family welfare. Utilization of basic immunization increases with higher maternal education. Place of birth delivery at formal health facility increases with living in urban area, maternal employment, and regular ANC.Keyword: social economics factors, ANC, place of birth delivery, basic immunization, mother, children Correspondence: Yunita Kristiani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Surakarta, 57126, Central Java. Email: y.ithakristiani@gmail.com. Mobile: 085393313553.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 371-384https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.08
Effect of Play Group and Biopsychosocial Factors on the Independence Development of Preschool Children in Surakarta Marlinawati, Iin Tri; Salimo, Harsono; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: The development of childrens independence is important for their future competitiveness in the rapidly increasing social changes. Disturbance in the development of children’s independence may have a negative future impact in adult life and children become dependent individuals. Efforts are needed to help children develop optimally. Some play groups have been introduced to meet this need in Surakarta, but no studies have been carried out to evaluate its effectiveness. This study aimed to determine the effect of play group on the independence development of preschool children while controlling for the effect of biopsychosocial factors .Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study using case control design. The study was conducted at 3 kindergartens in Surakarta, Central Java, from February to April 2017. A sample of 120 kindergarten pupils were selected for this study by purposive sampling and random sampling. The dependent variable was independence development. The independent variables were play group participation status, parenting style (autoritarian, democratic, and permissive), parental education, and child age. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Maternal education ≥Senior High School (b= 8.77; 95% CI= 1.89 to 15.65; p= 0.012), paternal education ≥Senior High School (b= 9.82; 95% CI = 2.70 to 16.93; p= 0.007), child age ≥5 years old (b= 5.59; 95% CI = 1.50 to 9.68; p= 0.007), participation in play group (b= 9.45; 95% CI = 2.19 to 16.71; p= 0.011), and democratic parenting style (b= 0.12; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.23; p= 0.018) increased child independence. Autoritarian parenting style (b= -0.15; 95% CI= -0.26 to -0.04; p= 0.006) and permissive parenting style (b= -0.09; 95% CI= -0.20 to 0.01; p= 0.092) decreased child independence. Participation in play group was determined by democratic parenting style (b= 0.01; 95% CI -<0.01 to 0.03; p= 0.080), permissive parenting style (b= -0.03; 95% CI -0.05 to <0.01; p= 0.027), paternal education ≥Senior High School (b= 2.06; 95% CI= 0.88 to 3.24; p= 0.001), and child age ≥5 years old (b= 1.42; 95% CI= 0.63 to 2.21; p <0.001).Conclusion: Maternal education ≥Senior High School, paternal education ≥Senior High School, child age ≥5 years old, participation in play group, and democratic parenting style, positively and directly affect child independence. Autoritarian parenting style and permissive parenting style negatively and directly affect child independence.Keywords: play group, parenting style, biopsychosocial factor, independence, development, preschool childrenCorrespondence: Iin Tri Marlinawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: iin3marlina@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285600252256Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 284-296https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.01
Relationship between Sociodemographic Factors and Mother’s Participation in Breast Feeding Support Group with Exclusive Breastfeeding Success in Banyuwangi Wardani, Endah Kusuma; Hastuti, Uki Retno Budi; Adriani, Rita Benya
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is every baby’s right as it can save the babys life and have a good impact on mothers health. The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Banyuwangi in 2015 was 78.7%. This study aims to explain the relationship between age, parity, education, occupation, household assistant (ART), mother participation in maternal breast support group (KP-ASI) and exclusive breastfeeding success.Subjects and Methods: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in 3 Puskesmas (community health center) in Banyuwangi. The study time was August to September 2017. The sample size was 120 subjects, selected by simple random sampling technique with the total of case group 40 and control group 80. The dependent variable was the exclusive breastfeeding (ASI) success. Independent variables were age, parity, education, occupation, ART, mother participation in KP-ASI. The data was analyzed using multiple logistic regressions.Result: Mother’s age (OR = 3.99; 95% CI = 1.08 to 14.64; p = 0.037), parity (OR = 7.15; 95% CI = 2.19 to 23.33; p = 0.001), education (OR = 1.30; CI95% = (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.16 to 2.35; p = 0.488), household assistant (OR = 8.99; 95% CI = 2.32 to 34.88; p = 0.001); mother’s participation in breastfeeding (OR = 5.32; 95% CI = 1.79 to 15.76; p = 0.003) was related to exclusive breastfeeding success.Conclusions: The exclusive breastfeeding success is related to mother’s age, parity, household assistant, and mother’s participation in breastfeeding, but not significantly related to mother’s education and employment.Keywords: Exclusive breast feeding, Sociodemographic factors, KP-ASICorrespondence: EndahKusumaWardani. Masters Program in Public Health, SebelasMaret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: qsuma89@yahoo.com. Mobile: +6282257193736.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 335-344https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.05 
Effects of Maternal Nutrition Status, Maternal Education, Maternal Stress, and Family Income on Birthweight and Body Length at Birth in Klaten, Central Java Nurmayanti, Rika; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Birthweight and body length at birth are predictors of morbidity and mortality in children under five years old and adult age. Low birthweight increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in children under five. This study aimed to examine the effects of maternal nutrition status, maternal education, maternal stress, and family income, on birthweight and body length at birth in Klaten, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytic study with case control design. The study was conducted at Manisrenggo and Bayat community health centers, Klaten District, Central Java, in April 2017. A total sample of 120 children aged 0 to 6 months and their mothers were selected for this study using fixed disease sampling. The dependent variables were birthweight and body length and birth. The independent variables were maternal nutrition status, maternal education, maternal stress, and family income. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire. Maternal nutrition status at pregnancy was measured by mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Data on birthweight and body length at birth were taken from mother and child health monitoring book. The data was analyzed using path analysis.Results: Birthweight was directly and positively affected by maternal MUAC at pregnancy (b=0.50; SE=0.13; p<0.001), family income (b=0.11; SE=0.04; p=0.004), and maternal education (b=2.14; SE=0.88; p=0.016). Birthweight was directly and negatively affected by maternal stress (b=-1.81; SE=0.81; p=0.025). Body length at birth was directly and positively affected by maternal MUAC at pregnancy (b=0.16; SE=0.64; p=0.011) and family income (b=0.05; SE=0.18; p=0.005). Maternal MUAC at pregnancy was affected by maternal education (b=1.41; SE=0.58; p=0.014). Likewise, family income was affected by maternal education (b=5.28; SE=2.11; p=0.012).Conclussion: Maternal MUAC at pregnancy, family income, and maternal education positively and directly affect birthweight. Maternal stress directly and negatively affects birthweight. Body length at birth is directly and positively affected by maternal MUAC at pregnancy and family income.Keywords: birthweight, body length at birth, MUAC, maternal stressCorrespondence: Rika Nurmayanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: yicha.adjach@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281270333572.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 297-308https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.02
Empowerment of Occupational Therapists in Aquatic Program for Improving the Development of Children with Neurodevelopment Disorder Saloko, Erayanti; Murti, Bhisma; Adriani, Rita Benya
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Aquatic program is an occupational therapy for children with neurodevelopment disorder that has been recognized as one of the technological innovations in medical rehabilitation. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of occupational therapist empowerment training in aquatic program on the knowledge, attitude, and competence of occupational therapists, and the effectiveness aquatic therapy on improving the development of children with neurodevelopment disorder.Subjects and Method: This was a quasi experiment study with pre and post test design with no comparison design. A sample of 88 occupational therapist were selected for this experiment. Knowledge, attitude, and competence of the therapists before and after empowerment training were measured and compared. Likewise, 78 children with neurodevelopmental disorder in Central Java who were under treatment by the occupational therapists were measured and compared before and after the occupational therapist empowerment training, in terms of motoric and sensoric development. The effects of empowerment training on knowledge, attitude, and competence of the occupational therapists as well as motoric and sensoric development of children with neurodevelopment disorder were analyzed by linear regression analysis model.Results: Empowerment training significantly increased knowledge (b=3.95; 95% CI=  3.55 to 4.34; p<0.001), attitude (b=3.49; 95% CI=  2.84 to 4.14; p<0.001), and  competence (b=2.73; 95% CI= 1.93 to 3.53; p<0.001) of the occupational therapists. Aquatic therapy resulting from empowerment training significantly increased motoric (b=1.39; 95% CI= 1.04 to 1.74; p <0.001) and sensoric (b=2.79; 95% CI= 2.13 to 3.45; p<0.001) development of children with neurodevelopment disorder.Conclusion: Empowerment training effectively increases knowledge, attitude, and competence of occupational therapists. In turn, aquatic therapy conducted by the occupational therapists effectively increases motoric and sensoric development of children with neurodevelopment disorder.Keyword: Occupational therapist, aquatic program, empowerment training, competence, motoric development, sensoric development, neurodevelopment disorder, childrenCorrespondence: Erayanti Saloko. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: erayantisaloko@gmail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 345-355https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.05  
Health Belief Model and Labelling Theory in the Analysis of Preventive Behaviors to Address Biopsychosocial Impacts of Sexual Violence among Street Children in Yogyakarta Khalifah, Intan Noor; Demartoto, Argyo; Salimo, Harsono
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Street children are at high risk of sexual violence. Necessary measures should be undertaken to address deleterious biopsychosocial impacts of sexual violence. This study aimed to analyze the preventive behaviors to address biopsychosocial impacts of sexual violence among street children in Yogyakarta using Health Belief Model and Labelling Theory.Subjects and Method: This study was qualitative descriptive with phenomenology approach. The key informants for this study included Head of Rumah Impian Indonesia Foundation (a social non-government organization) and Director of PKBI, Yogyakarta. The main informants were the street children with assistance from Rumah Impian Indonesia Foundation. Supporting informants were health personnels of Jetis community health center and the street children’s brothers.Results: Street children who had experienced sexual violence were taken care by Rumah Impian Indonesia Foundation. The biopsychosocial effects of sexual violence included anxiety, anger, shock, trauma, fear, feelings of revenge, irritation, emotion, stress, unwillingness to eat, bad mood, and staying alone in the room. Preventive behaviour to overcome biopsychosocial impacts of sexual violence included forgetting, letting it go, not mentioning the problem again. Label or negative stigma given by the community to street children included marred children, dirty children, and social garbage.Conclusion: Sexual violence experienced by street children cause various psychologic impacts, which calls for appropiate preventive behaviors to minimize the deleterious impacts of sexual violence. The social impacts of sexual violence in street children include labelling and negative stigma.Keywords: Health Belief Model, Labelling Theory, sexual violence, biopsychosocial, preventive behavior, street children.Correspondence: Intan Noor Khalifah. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: tanlifah@gmail.com Mobile: +6285728000164.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 309-323https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.03
Multilevel Analysis on the Biosocial and Economic Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Sinta, Prabawati; Salimo, Harsono; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is provided to infants from birth to 6 months of age without supplementary or substitution food and drink. Breastmilk contains nutrients and protective factors that can reduce morbidity and mortality risks of children. This study aimed to determine the effect of maternal nutritional status, parity, employment status, family income, health personnel support, subjective norm, and stratification status of community health center (posyandu), on exclusive breastfeeding in Banjarsari Sub-District, Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in Banjarsari sub-district, Surakarta, Central Java, from October 17 to November 7, 2017. Twenty five posyandus were selected by stratified random sampling. Of the posyandus selected, 200 lactating mothers were selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. The independent variables were maternal nutritional status, parity, employment status, family income, subjective norm, and health personnel support. The data were collected using a set of questionnaire and analyzed by multilevel logistic regression in Stata 13.Results: The likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding increased with better maternal nutritional status (b= 1.65; 95% CI= 0.14 to 3.17; p= 0.032), multi parity (b= 1.72; 95% CI= 0.57 to 2.86; p= 0.003), working outside the house (b= -2.94; 95% CI= -3.99 to -1.88; p= 0.001), higher family income (b= -1.94; 95% CI= -3.13 to -0.76; p= 0.001), strong health personnel support (b= 1.13; 95% CI= 0.02 to 2.25; p= 0.046), and positive subjective norm (b= 1.20; 95% CI= 0.14 to 2.25; p= 0.025). Posyandu showed strong contextual effect on exclusive breastfeeding with intra-class correlation (ICC)= 28.87%.Conclusion: The likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding increases with better maternal nutritional status, multi parity, working outside the house, higher family income, strong health personnel support, and positive subjective norm.Keyword: exclusive breastfeeding, multilevel analysis, maternal nutritional status, parity, employment status, family income, health personnel support, subjective norm, and posyanduCorrespondence: Prabawati Sinta. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Surakarta. Email: prabawatisinta887@gmail.comJournal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 356-370https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.06 
Effects of Maternal Education, Psychosocial Stress, Nutritional Status at Pregnancy, and Family Income, on Birthweight in Nganjuk, East Java Nurahmawati, Dhewi; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Low birthweight (LBW) is one of the primary causes of infant mortality. It shares 27% of infant mortality rate (IMR). The Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey in 2007 reported that the IMR was 34 deaths per 1,000 live births. As much as 30.3% of this rate was accounted by LBW. As such LBW is an important global public health issue. Countries arround the world have committed to overcome this problem. This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal education, psychosocial stress, nutritional status at pregnancy, and family income, on birthweight.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytic study with case control design. The study was conducted in Ngetos community health center, Nganjuk, East Java, from May to June, 2017. A total sample of 120 were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling, compresing 40 infants with low birthweight and 80 infants with normal birthweight. The dependent variable was birthweight. The independent variables were maternal education, psychosocial stress, nutritional status at pregnancy (middle-upper arm circumference, MUAC), maternal anemia, and family income. MUAC was measured by MUAC measuring tape. Hemoglobin concetration was measured by Sahli meter. Psychosocial stress was measured by Holmes and Rahe stress scale. The other variables were measured by a set of questionnaire. Path analysis was used for data analysis.Results: MUAC ≥23.5 cm (b= -0.80, SE= 0.57; p=0.064), hemoglobin concetration ≥11 g/dL (b= -120.16, SE= 45.14, p=0.008), and low psychosocial stress (b= -0.80, SE= 0.57, p=0.164) directly and negatively affected low birthweight. Maternal education ≥Senior High School (b= 1.28, SE = 0.056, p= 0.022), psychosocial stress (b= -0.001, SE<0.001, p=0.097), and family income (b= 0.97, SE= 0.46, p=0.036) positively affected MUAC. MUAC ≥23.5 cm positively affected hemoglobin concentration ≥11 g/dL (b= 0.19, SE = 20.84, p<0.001).Conclusion: MUAC, hemoglobin concetration, and low psychosocial stress directly and negatively affect low birthweight.Keywords: low birthweight, MUAC, maternal anemia, psychosocial stress, family incomeCorrespondence: Dhewi Nurahmawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dhenoura@gmail.com. Mobile: +62813330787826.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 324-334https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.04

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