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JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research

jpscr
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Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret

ISSN : - EISSN : 2503331x DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Social,

Environmental Science Public Health

Journal of Pharmaceutical Science And Clinical Research (e-ISSN 2503-331x) offers a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to pharmaceutical science and clinical research. Scientific articles dealing with natural products, pharmaceutical science-industry and clinical research, etc. are particularly welcome. The journal encompasses research articles, original research report, reviews, short communications and scientific commentaries pharmaceutical science and clinical research including: bioactive products, chemotaxonomy, chemistry, ecological biochemistry, metabolism, pharmacy management, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, clinical pharmacy, community pharmacy, pharmaceutical social and pharmaceutical industry.

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 2 (2017)" : 7 Documents clear

Utilization Of Nano Ethanolic Extract Combination Chamber Bitter (Phyllanthus Niruri L.) And Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) As A Natural Immunomodulator In Nanoherbal Development, In Silico And In Vitro Study Kadek Hendra Darmawan
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The Filantin compounds in chamber bitter (Phyllanthus niruri L.) and lectin in garlic (Allium sativum L.) was proven as immunomudulatory agents through interaction with Toll-Like Reseptors (TLR) which have role in innate immune responds. Immunomodulators drug available on the market still have many shortcomings such as the low potential. Drug developing by nanotechnology is the right solution to increase the potential of the drug by increasing the absorption and minimize the dose. This research aimed to know the interaction of filantin and lectin with TLR2-TLR1 receptors through molecular docking and produce the nanoemulsion combination of chamber bitter and garlic ethanolic extracts that have phagocytosis activity. In silico assay through molecular docking showed that filantin has affinity for binding to TLR2-TLR1, docking score of lectin (-33,5389) was lower than the filantin (-31.5112). That means lectin has higher affinity for binding to TLR2-TLR1. Nanoemulsion was formulated by SNEDDS methods with composition of co-surfactant: surfactant: oil is 1: 5,25: 1. The nanoemulsion stable at 0,414% (w/v). In vitro assay of phagocytic index (5,03) and ratio (95%) showed that the formulation with nanoemulsion of the combination has higher phagocyte index and ratio than the formulation without nanoemulsion or even the positive controls.

Effect of Non-Hexane Fraction of Ethanol Extract of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) on ALT Activities, Creatinine Levels and TCD4+/TCD8+ Cell Ratios in The Isoniazid-Induced Female Rats Ekawati, Nuraini
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Â Â Â Isonicotinyl hydrazine (isoniazid) is the most effective drug for antituberculosis treatment. During the metabolism process of isoniazid, some reactive metabolites might be generated. Thus reactive metabolite possibly responsible for several side effect through the mechanism of oxidative stress. Some of the side effects are liver damage, kidney damage, and autoimmune disorder characterized by decreased TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) contains phenolic compounds such as scopoletin, quercetin, and rutin, which have various biological activities including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. The antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds is through the mechanism of radical scavenging, inhibit formation of free radicals, therefore tissue damage can be prevented.The purpose of this study was to determine chemical constituens of non n-hexane fraction of Noni fruit extract (test sample) and to determine whether test sample can reduce the side effect of isoniazid by measuring ALT activity, creatinine level, and TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio. Total 35 Wistar rats, aged 6-8 weeks, were divided into 7 groups. Group I as normal control group received 0.25% DMSO, group II received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW, group III received ethanol extract of Noni fruit 250 mg/kgBW, group IV received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW + test sample 15 mg/kgBW, group V received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW + test sample 30 mg/kgBW, Â group VI received isoniazid 150 mg/kgBW + test sample 75 mg/kgBW, and group VII received test sample 75 mg/kgBW, each with a volume of 20 mL/kg per oral/day for 8 weeks. Blood samples was collected at weeks 0, 4, 6 and 8 to evaluate the ALT activity, creatinine level, and TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio taken. Chemical constituens of test sample was conducted using TLC method.Qualitative analysis indicated that test sample contains alkaloid, phenolic, and flavonoid compound. Test sample could reduce ALT level and increase TCD4+/TCD8+ cell ratio, but couldnâ€™t reduce creatinine level of isoniazide-induced female Wistar rat.

Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Terhadap Salmonella Typhi Resisten Kloramfenikol Trisharyanti, Ika
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi, antibiotic chloramphenicol can be use to treatment, but S. typhi resistant with antibiotic choramphenicol so need to alternative treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of ten leaves against Salmonella typhi, and knowing the compounds contained in extracts of leaves that have the best antibacterial activity. The leaves was extracted withÂ ethanol 96% by maceration method. Screening antibacterial activity used disk diffusion method with 10% extract concentration. The best antibacterial activity was determined Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration used liquid dilution method, identification test of compounds with thin-layer chromatograpy (TLC), and bioautografi test. There were six extracts had antibacterial activity against S. Typhi, Phaleria macrocarpa leaves, Acalypha siamensis leaves, cherry leaves, clove leaves, tea leaves, and Eugenia polyantha leaves. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration from clove leaf extract was 2,5%. The results of identification by TLC compounds were alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, and saponins. Based on bioautografi test,Â phenolic can inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi.

Aktivitas Antioksidan Buah Kopi Hijau Merapi Isnindar isnindar; Subagus Wahyuono; Sitarina Widyarini; Yuswanto Yuswanto
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Coffee favored because it has flavor, distinctive aroma, and contain bioactive components that can act as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions of green coffee cherries of Merapi. Green coffee cherries macerated with chloroform further partitioned with 80% methanol solvent. Measurement of antioxidant activity using DPPH spectrophotometric method. The results showed the chloroform extract has antioxidant activity 2.21 mg / mL, the methanol soluble 1.88 mg / mL, the residue was 3.66 mg / mL, and vitamin C 2.38 ug / mL.

Optimization Emulgator Composition Of Water In Oil Emulsion Of Strawberry Fruits (Fragaria vesca L.) Based On Simplex Lattice Design Method Dian Eka Ermawati
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) fruits contains nutrients that was beneficial to health because rich of antioxidant such as anthocyanin and flavonoids. Concentration of anthocyanins and flavonoids in strawberry during process would decline respectively 53% for pelargonidin3-O-glucoside and 40% for flavonoid. Water-oil emulsion consists of water and oil components were not mixed with each other, thus requiring emulgator to create a system that was homogeneous and stabilize the the antioxidants in strawberry.Emulgator that used in this study were : span 80, croduret 50 ss, and propylene glycol. They were optimized to know their combination in order to gain each portion of components which would produce an optimum formula of water/oil emulsion with good physical stability and stabilize the antioxidants ingredient. The optimization with Simplex Lattice Design method using Design Expert® software 7.1.5. Low limit and upper limit each components of emulgator were 1:1:1. The results of the responses of physical parameter were viscosity, separation ratio (F), and diameter of emulsion globule.Water/oil emulsion of strawberry that use emulgators : 2% Span80, 4% croduret 50 ss, and 2% propylene glycol produced a physically stable emulsion with the observation results had no significant difference to the prediction of Simplex Lattice Design. The observation results of viscosity value was -0.85 log P.as, 1.59 μm diameter of emulsion globule, and 0.99 cm of separation ratio (F). The prediction value were -0.56 log P.as of viscosity, diameter of emulsion globule of 3.26 μm and 0.97 cm of separation ratio (F). Strawberry fruits contains 23.3% of flavonoid, and 13.23% of anthocyanin. The optimum formula had 20% of flavonoids and 11.67% of anthocyanin. Combination of emulgator can stable the antioxidant compound of strawbbery fruits into water/oil emulsion formula. The consentration of antioxidant compounds decreased just ± 14% after formulation process.

Effectiveness Of Watery Extract And Ethanolic Extract Of Garlic Bulbs (Allium sativum L.) For Second Degree Burns Healing On Mice (Mus musculus) Noni Zakiah
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Bulbs of garlic has been known to contain a compound that is potentially as alternative medicine for burns. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the water extract and ethanolic extract of garlic bulbs on second degree burn healing in mice. The test was conducted on 12 male mices divided using a completely randomized design (CRD) into 4 treatment groups consisting of P-1 without any treatment, P-2 by administering Bioplacenton®, P-3 with ethanolic extract and P-4 with watery extract. Lab studies have shown the average percentages of recovery for 18 days for P-2, P-3 and P-4, were 48%, 60% and 63% respectively. One way ANOVA test results obtained p value = 0.011 (p <0.05), it means there were differences in the healing duration of burns in four treatment groups. LSD test results showed that the group which had significant relationship were P-1 and P-4 wherein the Mean Difference was 0.90000. Thus it can be concluded that the group P-4 which is a water extract group was the most effective for the second degree burns healing.

Optimization and Antioxidant Activity Test Of SMEDDS Bay Leaf with Palm Kernell Oil as Oil Phase Fea Prihapsara
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

One of the plants which can produce antioxidants is the bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp). Generally, extract have big size molecule and low solubility. To overcome low solubility of extract, it was formulated into self microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) using oil Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) as a carrier oil. This research, aims to produce mikrometer-sized emulsion and thus can be used at low dose in SMEDDS mikroemulsion preparation. And this research was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of SMEDDS bay leaf extract. Palm kernell oil is used because its suitable for SMEDDS and has medium chain trigliseride that can Increase drug transport through lymphatics thereby reducing first pass metabolism. Optimization of surfactant, cosurfactant and oil phase was determined with trial and error method. The results showed that the optimum SMEDDS formula was tween 80 : PEG 400 : Palm Kernell Oil (1,6 : 2,4 : 1) in 5 mL. SMEDDS extract of bay leaves had emulsification time 13.93 seconds, average of droplet size was 218,9 nm and polidisperse index 0,203. Morphological observation showed the mikroemulsion particles had spherical shaped. SMEDDS product of bay leaf extract has powerful antioxidant potential, the value of IC50 is 40,7177 ppm.

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